孔底流场和温度场数值模拟与试验研究——以取心孕镶金刚石钻头为例
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摘要
为提高金刚石钻头的钻进效率,采用数值模拟与试验的方法研究孕镶金刚石钻头孔底流场与温度场,以合理设计钻头结构,保证钻进过程中钻头具有良好的冷却和排屑能力,避免钻头底唇面温度上升过高造成其非正常磨损。结果表明:流场产生的横向压力对转向面水口壁的压力破坏作用较大;钻头与岩石接触面温度变化与水口数目有关,水口过多会导致单个水口的钻井液流量减少,降低水口处的热传导效率,冷却效果不足,从而造成钻头磨损。
In order to improve the drilling efficiency of diamond drill bits,the bit structure is reasonably designed to ensure that the bit has a good cooling and chip removal ability during the drilling process,so as to avoid abnormal wear caused by excessive rise of the temperature at the bottom lip of the bit.Numerical simulation and experimental research are used to study the distribution of flow field and temperature field at the bottom of the impregnated diamond drill bit.The results show that the lateral pressure generated by the flow field has a great effect on the pressure destruction of the nozzle wall.According to numerical simulation and drilling tests,the temperature of the contact surface between the drill and the rock is related to the number of nozzles but excessive nozzles will decrease the flow rate of drilling fluid in a single nozzle and thus decrease the heat transfer efficiency at the nozzle.Therefore,the cooling effect is reduced and the drill bit wears fast.
In order to improve the drilling efficiency of diamond drill bits,the bit structure is reasonably designed to ensure that the bit has a good cooling and chip removal ability during the drilling process,so as to avoid abnormal wear caused by excessive rise of the temperature at the bottom lip of the bit.Numerical simulation and experimental research are used to study the distribution of flow field and temperature field at the bottom of the impregnated diamond drill bit.The results show that the lateral pressure generated by the flow field has a great effect on the pressure destruction of the nozzle wall.According to numerical simulation and drilling tests,the temperature of the contact surface between the drill and the rock is related to the number of nozzles but excessive nozzles will decrease the flow rate of drilling fluid in a single nozzle and thus decrease the heat transfer efficiency at the nozzle.Therefore,the cooling effect is reduced and the drill bit wears fast.
引文
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[13] FOMIN S,HASHIDA T,CHUGUNOV V,et al.A borehole temperature during drilling in a fractured rock formation[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2005,48(2):385-394.
[14] LIU Y,WEI J,REN T,et al.Experimental study of fow field structure of interrupted pulsed water jet and breakage of hard rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2015,78(6):253-261.
[15] DREUS A Y,LYSENKO K Y.Computer simulation of fluid mechanics and heat transfer processes at the working face of borehole rock[J].РозробкаРодовищКориснихКопалин,2016(5):29-35.
[16] DREUS A,KOZHEVNIKOV A,LYSENKO K,et al.Investigation of heating of the drilling bits and definition of the energy efficient drilling modes[J].Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies,2016,3:41-46.
[17]杨晓峰,康勇,王晓川.岩石钻掘过程钻头受力动力学解析模型[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(9):1596–1600.YANG Xiaofeng,KANG Yong,WANG Xiaochuan.Analytical dynamic model of the drill bit in rock drilling[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(9):1596-1600.
[18]李勇,邓嵘,刘云胜.基于ABAQUS的PDC钻头切削齿温度场分析与仿真[J].现代制造技术与装备,2012(2):1–3.LI Yong,DENG Rong,LIU Yunsheng.Temperature field analysis and simulation of the PDC bit cutting teeth based on ABAQUS software[J].Modern Manufacturing Technology&Equipment,2012(2):1-3.
[19] ZHANG Y Y,LIU Y W,XU Y J,et al.Drilling characteristics of combinations of different high pressure jet nozzles[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2011,23(3):384-390.
[20] SONG C H,KWON K B,PARK J Y,et al.Optimum design of the internal flushing channel of a drill bit using RSM and CFD simulation[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering&Manufacturing,2014,15(6):1041-1050.
[2]吴金刚,谭忠盛,吴景华.热机碎岩钻进中的温度场研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(6):885–888.WU Jingang,TAN Zhongsheng,WU Jinghua,et al.Research on the temperature field in thermo-mechanical drilling[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(6):885-888.
[3]汤凤林,段隆臣,ЧИХОТКИНВФ,等.关于金刚石钻进时冲洗液气蚀的试验研究——金刚石钻进技术专题之二[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2004,31(7):37–40.TANG Fenglin,DUAN Longchen,ЧИХОТКИНВФ,et al.Experimental research on cavitation of drilling fluid while diamond drilling[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2004,31(7):37-40.
[4]布加耶夫.人造金刚石在地质勘探钻进中的应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1981.BUGAEV.Application of artificial diamond in geological exploration drilling[M].Beijing:Geological Press,1981.
[5]王殿江,袁公昱.孕镶金刚石钻头工作温升的实验研究[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),1991(6):1–3.WANG Dianjiang,YUAN Gongyu.An experimental research on the working temperature rising for impregnated diamond bit[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),1991(6):1-3.
[6]赵建康,曲敬信,邓福铭.孕镶金刚石钻头工作温升的理论分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(4):57–59.ZHAO Jiankang,QU Jingxin,DENG Fuming.et al.Theoretical study on temperature rising of the diamond bit[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2004,32(4):57-59.
[7]赵建康,张祖培,孙友宏,等.摩擦热–机械碎岩技术的研究应用现状及新进展[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2001(s1):166–168.ZHAO Jiankang,ZHANG Zupei,SUN Youhong,et al.Research and application status of and new advances in friction heat-mechanical rock fragmentation technology[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2001(s1):166-168.
[8]潘晓毅,秦建新,谢德龙,等.金刚石钻头井底流场CFD模拟研究[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2016,36(4):34–38.PAN Xiaoyi,QIN Jianxin,XIE Delong,et al.CFD simulation of diamond bit′s bottomhole flow field[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2016,36(4):34-38.
[9]邵春,张熠,潘秉锁,等.基于ANSYS的金刚石钻头钻进中孔底岩石的热交换研究[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2011,31(1):11–14.SHAO Chun,ZHANG Yi,PAN Bingsuo,et al.Study on heat exchange of hole-bottom rock in diamond drilling based on ANSYS[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2011,31(1):11-14.
[10]刘志义,段隆臣,张清.两种不同唇面结构的取心金刚石钻头水力性能的模拟分析[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2011,31(6):43–46.LIU Zhiyi,DUAN Longchen,ZHANG Qing.Simulation on hydraulic performance of two kinds of diamond core bit with different crown[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2011,31(6):43-46.
[11]沈显杰.岩石热物理性质及其测试[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.SHEN Xianjie.Thermal physical properties of rocks and their testing[M].Beijing:Science Press,1988.
[12]蒋国盛,汤凤林.摩擦生热热力钻头(TM)结构参数与钻进规程参数关系的分析研究[J].国外地质勘探技术,1998(3):29–31.JIANG Guosheng,TANG Fenglin.Analysis and research on the relationship between structure parameters of friction thermal-generated thermal bit(TM)and drilling procedure parameters[J].Foreign Geoexploration Technology,1998(3):29-31.
[13] FOMIN S,HASHIDA T,CHUGUNOV V,et al.A borehole temperature during drilling in a fractured rock formation[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2005,48(2):385-394.
[14] LIU Y,WEI J,REN T,et al.Experimental study of fow field structure of interrupted pulsed water jet and breakage of hard rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2015,78(6):253-261.
[15] DREUS A Y,LYSENKO K Y.Computer simulation of fluid mechanics and heat transfer processes at the working face of borehole rock[J].РозробкаРодовищКориснихКопалин,2016(5):29-35.
[16] DREUS A,KOZHEVNIKOV A,LYSENKO K,et al.Investigation of heating of the drilling bits and definition of the energy efficient drilling modes[J].Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies,2016,3:41-46.
[17]杨晓峰,康勇,王晓川.岩石钻掘过程钻头受力动力学解析模型[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(9):1596–1600.YANG Xiaofeng,KANG Yong,WANG Xiaochuan.Analytical dynamic model of the drill bit in rock drilling[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(9):1596-1600.
[18]李勇,邓嵘,刘云胜.基于ABAQUS的PDC钻头切削齿温度场分析与仿真[J].现代制造技术与装备,2012(2):1–3.LI Yong,DENG Rong,LIU Yunsheng.Temperature field analysis and simulation of the PDC bit cutting teeth based on ABAQUS software[J].Modern Manufacturing Technology&Equipment,2012(2):1-3.
[19] ZHANG Y Y,LIU Y W,XU Y J,et al.Drilling characteristics of combinations of different high pressure jet nozzles[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2011,23(3):384-390.
[20] SONG C H,KWON K B,PARK J Y,et al.Optimum design of the internal flushing channel of a drill bit using RSM and CFD simulation[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering&Manufacturing,2014,15(6):1041-1050.
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