植物根系成像技术研究进展及马铃薯根系研究应用前景
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摘要
根系是植物从土壤中吸收营养物质和水分并支撑植物地上部分的重要器官,是植物研究的热点之一。然而,由于植物根系生长环境的复杂性和不透明性,导致植物根系研究发展相对缓慢。近年来,根系成像技术的出现和快速发展为植物根系的研究提供了更直观、有效的研究方法。马铃薯是收获地下块茎的主粮作物,地下根系成像技术在马铃薯研究中的应用尤为重要。本文通过系统整理和对比传统成像技术(玻璃板法和玻璃管法)和现代成像技术(中子成像技术、X射线扫描技术、核磁共振成像技术、探地雷达、荧光成像技术、激光共聚焦成像技术、多光谱成像技术、高光谱成像技术和计算机断层扫描成像技术等)的优缺点和应用范围。根据马铃薯的生长特性以及生长环境的综合评价,筛选出能够原位监测马铃薯根系发育且不破坏其生长的成像技术和高效的图像分析系统,以期为今后成像技术在块根块茎类植物根系研究中广泛应用提供理论依据。
Root system was an important organ for plants to absorb nutrients and moisture from the soil and support the aboveground part of plants, and it was one of the hotspots of plant research. However, due to the complexity and opacity of the plant root growth environment, the development of plant roots was relatively slow. In recent years, the rapid development of root imaging technology provided a more intuitive and effective research method for the plant roots study. Potato was the main crop harvesting underground tubers, and the application of underground root imaging technology in potato research was particularly important. In this paper, the advantages, the disadvantages and application area of the traditional imaging technology(glass pane and glass tube method) and the modern imaging technology(Neutron imaging technology, X-ray scanning technology, Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging technology, Fluorescence imaging technology, Laser confocal imaging technology, Multi-spectral imaging technology, Hyperspectral imaging technology and Computed tomography imaging technology, etc.) were systematically summarized and compared. In addition, according to the potato growth characteristics and growth environment, several efficient imaging technology and analysis system monitoring potato root development in situ were screened. This review offered a reference for the selection of imaging technology that could be widely adapted to the tuberous plants research.
Root system was an important organ for plants to absorb nutrients and moisture from the soil and support the aboveground part of plants, and it was one of the hotspots of plant research. However, due to the complexity and opacity of the plant root growth environment, the development of plant roots was relatively slow. In recent years, the rapid development of root imaging technology provided a more intuitive and effective research method for the plant roots study. Potato was the main crop harvesting underground tubers, and the application of underground root imaging technology in potato research was particularly important. In this paper, the advantages, the disadvantages and application area of the traditional imaging technology(glass pane and glass tube method) and the modern imaging technology(Neutron imaging technology, X-ray scanning technology, Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging technology, Fluorescence imaging technology, Laser confocal imaging technology, Multi-spectral imaging technology, Hyperspectral imaging technology and Computed tomography imaging technology, etc.) were systematically summarized and compared. In addition, according to the potato growth characteristics and growth environment, several efficient imaging technology and analysis system monitoring potato root development in situ were screened. This review offered a reference for the selection of imaging technology that could be widely adapted to the tuberous plants research.
引文
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[3] 李凤民, 赵松岭. 黄土高原半干旱区作物水分利用研究新途径[J]. 应用生态学报, 1997, 8(1):104-109
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[7] Bates G. A device for the observation of root growth in the soil[J]. Nature, 1937, 139(3527):966-967
[8] Brown D, Upchurch D. Minirhizotrons: a summary of methods and instruments in current use. Minirhizotron observation tubes: methods and applications for measuring rhizosphere dynamics [J], 1987, 47(3):15-30
[9] Dubach M, Russelle M P. Reducing the cost of estimating root turnover with horizontally installed minirhizotrons[J]. Agronomy Journal, 1995, 87(2): 258-263
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[23] Van der Weele C M, Jiang H S, Palaniappan K K, Ivanov V B, Palaniappan K, Baskin T I. A new algorithm for computational image analysis of deformable motion at high spatial and temporal resolution applied to root growth. Roughly uniform elongation in the meristem and also, after an abrupt acceleration, in the elongation zone[J]. Plant Physiology, 2003, 132(3): 1138-1148
[24] Brueske C H, Bergeson G B. Investigation of growth hormones in xylem exudate and root tissue [J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1972, 23(1): 14- 22
[25] 张爱良, 苗果园, 王建平. 作物根系与水分的关系[J]. 作物研究, 1997(2):4-6
[26] Vamerali T, Ganis A, Bona S, Mosca G. An approach to minirhizotron root image analysis[J]. Plant and Soil, 1999, 217(1/2): 183-193
[27] Johnson M G, Tingey D T, Phillips D L, Storm M J. Advancing fine root research with minirhizotrons[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2001, 45(3): 263-289
[28] Zhang C, Zhou X, Li P, Yan H, Li Y. A test of root imaging in soil based on CBCT[J]. Journal of Optics Applications, 2014, 3(2): 19-24
[29] Gregory P, Hutchison D, Read D, Jenneson P, Gilboy W, Morton E. Non-invasive imaging of roots with high resolution X-ray micro-tomography[J]. Plant and Soil, 2003, 255: 351-359
[30] 植物根系X-ray扫描成像分析系统Root Viz FS[J]. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(10): 1128
[31] Stokes A, Fourcaud T, Hruska J, Cermak J, Nadyezdhina N, Nadyezhdin V, Praus L N. An evaluation of different methods to investigate root system architecture of urban trees in situ: I. ground-penetrating radar[J]. Journal of Arboriculture, 2002, 28(1):【math29z】. Instrumental methods for studies of structure and function of root systems of large trees[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2003, 54(387): 1511-1521
[33] Ellis T W, Murray W, Paul K, Kavalieris L, Brophy J, Williams C, Maass M. Electrical capacitance as a rapid and non-invasive indicator of root length[J]. Tree Physiology, 2013, 33(1):3-17
[34] Butnor J R, Doolittle J, Kress L, Cohen S, Johnsen K H. Use of ground-penetrating radar to study tree roots in the southeastern United States[J]. Tree Physiology, 2001, 21(17): 1269-1278
[35] Borisjuk L, Rolletschek H, Neuberger T. Surveying the plant′s world by magnetic resonance imaging[J]. The Plant Journal, 2012, 70(1): 129-146
[36] 韩昊君, 韩鸿宾, 孙晓梅, 杨宏光. 磁共振成像技术在郁金香花芽分化活体监测上的应用研究[J]. 核农学报, 2009, 23(2):248-252,284
[37] Amao Y, Okura Ⅰ. An oxygen sensing system based on the phosphorescence quenching of metalloporphyrin thin film on alumina plates[J]. Analyst, 2000, 125(9): 1601-1604
[38] Carraway E, Demas J, DeGraff B. Luminescence quenching mechanism for microheterogeneous systems[J]. Analytical Chemistry, 1991, 63(4): 332-336
[39] Hendrick R L, Pregitzer K S. Applications of minirhizotrons to understand root function in forests and other natural ecosystems[J]. Plant and Soil, 1996, 185(2): 293-304
[40] Rudolph-Mohr N, Vontobel P, Oswald S E. A multi-imaging approach to study the root-soil interface[J]. Annals of Botany, 2014, 114(8): 1779-1787
[41] 王春梅, 黄晓峰, 杨家骥, 陈志南. 激光扫描共聚焦显微镜技术[M]. 第一版. 西安:第四军医大学出版社, 2004
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[44] 厚敏, 梅洁, 胡响祥, 易伟松. 高光谱成像医学诊断的探讨[J]. 中国医学物理学杂志, 2013, 30(3):4148-4152, 4158
[45] 王跃明, 郎均慰, 王建宇. 航天高光谱成像技术研究现状及展望[J]. 激光与光电子学进展, 2013, 50(1):75-82
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[2] 方萍, 陶勤南, 吴平. 水稻吸氮能力与氮素利用率的QTLs及其基因效应分析[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2001, 7(2): 159-165
[3] 李凤民, 赵松岭. 黄土高原半干旱区作物水分利用研究新途径[J]. 应用生态学报, 1997, 8(1):104-109
[4] 杨建昌. 水稻根系形态生理与产量、品质形成及养分吸收利用的关系[J]. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(1): 36-46
[5] Bohn W. 根系研究法[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1985
[6] 申建波, 毛达如. 植物营养研究方法[M]. 北京:中国农业大学出版社, 2011
[7] Bates G. A device for the observation of root growth in the soil[J]. Nature, 1937, 139(3527):966-967
[8] Brown D, Upchurch D. Minirhizotrons: a summary of methods and instruments in current use. Minirhizotron observation tubes: methods and applications for measuring rhizosphere dynamics [J], 1987, 47(3):15-30
[9] Dubach M, Russelle M P. Reducing the cost of estimating root turnover with horizontally installed minirhizotrons[J]. Agronomy Journal, 1995, 87(2): 258-263
[10] 廖荣伟, 刘晶淼. 作物根系形态观测方法研究进展讨论[J]. 气象科技, 2008(4): 429-435
[11] 苗齐田, 貊大卫, 刘以思, 郭志萍, 张朝宗, 安福林, 杨琇. 利用中子照相研究土壤中的植物幼根[J]. 核农学报, 1985(3):22-24
[12] Hawkesworth M. Neutron radiography[J]. Equipment and Methods, 1977
[13] Costa C, Dwyer L M, Hamilton R I, Hamel C, Nantais L, Smith DL. A sampling method for measurement of large root systems with scanner-based image analysis[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2000, 92(4): 621-627
[14] 吴长高, 罗锡文. 计算机视觉技术在根系形态和构型分析中的应用[J]. 农业机械学报, 2000, 31(3): 63-66
[15] 单建平, 陶大立. 国外对树木细根的研究动态[J]. 生态学, 1992, 11(4): 46- 49
[16] Dubach M, Russelle M P. Reducing the cost of estimating root turnover with horizontally installed minirhizotrons[J]. Agronomy Journal, 1995, 89: 258- 263
[17] 王南飞. 基于核磁共振成像和VTK的玉米根系三维重建可视化研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2013
[18] 张建锋, 吴迪, 龚向阳, 何勇, 刘飞. 基于核磁共振成像技术的作物根系无损检测[J]. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(8): 181-185
[19] Mooney S, Pridmore T, Helliwell J, Bennett M. Developing X-ray computed tomography to non-invasively image 3-D root systems architecture in soil[J]. Plant and Soil, 2012, 352(1/2): 1-22
[20] Moran C, Pierret A, Stevenson A. X-ray absorption and phase contrast imaging to study the interplay between plant roots and soil structure[J]. Plant and Soil, 2000, 223(1/2): 101-117
[21] Galkovskyi T, Mileyko Y, Bucksch A, Moore B, Symonova O, Price C A, Topp C N, Iyer-Pascuzzi A S, Zurek P R, Fang S Q. GiA Roots: software for the high throughput analysis of plant root system architecture[J]. BMC Plant Biology, 2012, 12(1): 116
[22] Armengaud P, Zambaux K, Hills A, Sulpice R, Pattison R J, Blatt M R, Amtmann A. EZ‐Rhizo: integrated software for the fast and accurate measurement of root system architecture[J]. The Plant Journal: for Cell and Molecular Biology, 2009, 57(5): 945-956
[23] Van der Weele C M, Jiang H S, Palaniappan K K, Ivanov V B, Palaniappan K, Baskin T I. A new algorithm for computational image analysis of deformable motion at high spatial and temporal resolution applied to root growth. Roughly uniform elongation in the meristem and also, after an abrupt acceleration, in the elongation zone[J]. Plant Physiology, 2003, 132(3): 1138-1148
[24] Brueske C H, Bergeson G B. Investigation of growth hormones in xylem exudate and root tissue [J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1972, 23(1): 14- 22
[25] 张爱良, 苗果园, 王建平. 作物根系与水分的关系[J]. 作物研究, 1997(2):4-6
[26] Vamerali T, Ganis A, Bona S, Mosca G. An approach to minirhizotron root image analysis[J]. Plant and Soil, 1999, 217(1/2): 183-193
[27] Johnson M G, Tingey D T, Phillips D L, Storm M J. Advancing fine root research with minirhizotrons[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2001, 45(3): 263-289
[28] Zhang C, Zhou X, Li P, Yan H, Li Y. A test of root imaging in soil based on CBCT[J]. Journal of Optics Applications, 2014, 3(2): 19-24
[29] Gregory P, Hutchison D, Read D, Jenneson P, Gilboy W, Morton E. Non-invasive imaging of roots with high resolution X-ray micro-tomography[J]. Plant and Soil, 2003, 255: 351-359
[30] 植物根系X-ray扫描成像分析系统Root Viz FS[J]. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(10): 1128
[31] Stokes A, Fourcaud T, Hruska J, Cermak J, Nadyezdhina N, Nadyezhdin V, Praus L N. An evaluation of different methods to investigate root system architecture of urban trees in situ: I. ground-penetrating radar[J]. Journal of Arboriculture, 2002, 28(1):【math29z】. Instrumental methods for studies of structure and function of root systems of large trees[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2003, 54(387): 1511-1521
[33] Ellis T W, Murray W, Paul K, Kavalieris L, Brophy J, Williams C, Maass M. Electrical capacitance as a rapid and non-invasive indicator of root length[J]. Tree Physiology, 2013, 33(1):3-17
[34] Butnor J R, Doolittle J, Kress L, Cohen S, Johnsen K H. Use of ground-penetrating radar to study tree roots in the southeastern United States[J]. Tree Physiology, 2001, 21(17): 1269-1278
[35] Borisjuk L, Rolletschek H, Neuberger T. Surveying the plant′s world by magnetic resonance imaging[J]. The Plant Journal, 2012, 70(1): 129-146
[36] 韩昊君, 韩鸿宾, 孙晓梅, 杨宏光. 磁共振成像技术在郁金香花芽分化活体监测上的应用研究[J]. 核农学报, 2009, 23(2):248-252,284
[37] Amao Y, Okura Ⅰ. An oxygen sensing system based on the phosphorescence quenching of metalloporphyrin thin film on alumina plates[J]. Analyst, 2000, 125(9): 1601-1604
[38] Carraway E, Demas J, DeGraff B. Luminescence quenching mechanism for microheterogeneous systems[J]. Analytical Chemistry, 1991, 63(4): 332-336
[39] Hendrick R L, Pregitzer K S. Applications of minirhizotrons to understand root function in forests and other natural ecosystems[J]. Plant and Soil, 1996, 185(2): 293-304
[40] Rudolph-Mohr N, Vontobel P, Oswald S E. A multi-imaging approach to study the root-soil interface[J]. Annals of Botany, 2014, 114(8): 1779-1787
[41] 王春梅, 黄晓峰, 杨家骥, 陈志南. 激光扫描共聚焦显微镜技术[M]. 第一版. 西安:第四军医大学出版社, 2004
[42] Turillazzi E, Karich S B, Neri M, Pomara C, Riezzo I, Finesdi. Confocal laser scanning microscopy. Using new technology to answer old questions in forensic investigations [J]. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 2008, 122(2): 173-177
[43] 张保华, 李江波, 樊书祥, 黄文倩, 张驰, 王庆艳, 肖广东. 高光谱成像技术在果蔬品质与安全无损检测中的原理及应用[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2014(10):2743-2751
[44] 厚敏, 梅洁, 胡响祥, 易伟松. 高光谱成像医学诊断的探讨[J]. 中国医学物理学杂志, 2013, 30(3):4148-4152, 4158
[45] 王跃明, 郎均慰, 王建宇. 航天高光谱成像技术研究现状及展望[J]. 激光与光电子学进展, 2013, 50(1):75-82
[46] 刘飞, 李春华, 龚雪蛟, 刘东娜, 王云. 高光谱成像技术在茶叶中的应用研究进展[J]. 核农学报, 2016, 30(7):1386-1394
[47] 于慧春, 王润博, 殷勇, 刘云宏. 基于高光谱图像光谱与纹理信息的枸杞多糖及总糖含量检测[J]. 核农学报, 2018, 32(3):523-531
[48] 李想. CT图像的应用研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2004
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