装备制造业产品创新对企业绩效的影响
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摘要
装备制造业的产品创新能否有助于提升企业绩效?哪些因素具有重要作用?以权变资源观整合资源观、动态能力理论和权变观点,就产品创新对企业绩效的影响做出理论性的分析,并利用中国装备制造业上市公司2000～2012年的数据,检验产品创新对企业绩效的影响。研究发现,产品创新对装备制造业的企业绩效存在"倒U型"的影响,并且,在企业已吸收松弛低或行业动态性高的情况下,产品创新能够显著提升企业绩效。这说明,企业制定产品创新战略时应充分考虑企业面临的内外部情况,盲目追求产品创新并不一定有助于改善企业绩效,只有在特定情境下适度地进行产品创新才能有助于提升企业绩效。研究结果为装备制造业企业科学制定产品创新战略提供了建议。
Based on the contingent resource-based view which integrates the resource-based view, the dynamic capabilities, and the contingent perspective, the influence of product innovations on firm performance are tested using the data of China's listed companies in equipment manufacturing industry from 2000 to 2012. The relationship between product innovation and firm performance shows an inverted U-shaped curve, and it is significantly moderated by absorbed slack negatively and by environmental dynamism positively. This suggests that firms should fully consider the internal and external situations when formulating the product innovation strategies. Blind pursuit of product innovation does not necessarily improve firms' performance. The research results provide suggests for equipment manufacturing firms to scientifically develop product innovation strategies.
Based on the contingent resource-based view which integrates the resource-based view, the dynamic capabilities, and the contingent perspective, the influence of product innovations on firm performance are tested using the data of China's listed companies in equipment manufacturing industry from 2000 to 2012. The relationship between product innovation and firm performance shows an inverted U-shaped curve, and it is significantly moderated by absorbed slack negatively and by environmental dynamism positively. This suggests that firms should fully consider the internal and external situations when formulating the product innovation strategies. Blind pursuit of product innovation does not necessarily improve firms' performance. The research results provide suggests for equipment manufacturing firms to scientifically develop product innovation strategies.
引文
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[6] 蔡昉. 人口转变、人口红利与刘易斯转折点[J]. 经济研究, 2010 (4): 4-13.
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[8] Pauwels K, Silva-Risso J, Srinivasan S, et al. New products, sales promotions, and firm value: The case of the automobile industry [J]. Journal of Marketing, 2004, 68(4): 142-156.
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[13] 李远勤. 所得税优惠与政府背景对民营企业技术创新投入的影响[J]. 系统管理学报, 2016, 25(5): 930-939.
[14] 张大力, 葛玉辉. 高管团队跨界行为与企业创新绩效关系:基于团队学习的视角[J]. 系统管理学报, 2016, 25(2): 235-245.
[15] 张志华, 陈向东. 企业学习方式、创新能力与创新绩效关系的实证研究[J]. 系统管理学报, 2016, 25(5): 829-836.
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[18] Grant R M. The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: Implications for strategy formulation [J]. California Management Review, 1991, 33(3): 114-135.
[19] Camisón C, Villar-López A. Organizational innovation as an enabler of technological innovation capabilities and firm performance [J]. Journal of Business Research, 2014, 67(1): 2891-2902.
[20] Wernerfelt B. A resource-based view of the firm [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1984, 5(2): 171-180.
[21] Barney J. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage [J]. Journal of Management, 1991, 17(1): 99-120.
[22] Schilke O. On the contingent value of dynamic capabilities for competitive advantage: The nonlinear moderating effect of environmental dynamism [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2014, 35(2): 179-203.
[23] Cucculelli M, Ermini B. New product introduction and product tenure: What effects on firm growth? [J]. Research Policy, 2012, 41(5): 808-821.
[24] Kumar M. The relationship between product and international diversification: The effects of short-run constraints and endogeneity [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2009, 30(1): 99-116.
[25] Voss G B, Sirdeshmukh D, Voss Z G. The effects of slack resources and environmental threat on product exploration and exploitation [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2008, 51(1): 147-164.
[26] Nohria N, Gulati R. Is slack good or bad for innovation? [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 1996, 39(5): 1245-1264.
[27] Azadegan A, Patel P C, Parida V. Operational slack and venture survival [J]. Production and Operations Management, 2013, 22(1): 1-18.
[28] Sharfman M P, Wolf G, Chase R B, et al. Antecedents of organizational slack [J]. Academy of Management Review, 1988, 13(4): 601-614.
[29] Tan J, Peng M W. Organizational slack and firm performance during economic transitions: Two studies from an emerging economy [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2003, 24(13): 1249-1263.
[30] Etzion D. Research on organizations and the natural environment, 1992-present: A review [J]. Journal of Management, 2007, 33(4): 637-664.
[31] Aguilera-Caracuel J, Aragón-Correa J A, Hurtado-Torres N E, et al. The effects of institutional distance and headquarters’ financial performance on the generation of environmental standards in multinational companies [J]. Journal of Business Ethics, 2012, 105(4): 461-474.
[32] Bowen F E. Organizational slack and corporate greening: Broadening the debate [J]. British Journal of Management, 2002, 13(4): 305-316.
[33] Chen Y M, Yang D H, Lin F J. Does technological diversification matter to firm performance? The moderating role of organizational slack [J]. Journal of Business Research, 2013, 66(10): 1970-1975.
[34] Lee C, Wu H. How do slack resources affect the relationship between R&D expenditures and firm performance? [J]. R&D Management, 2016, 46(S3): 958-978.
[35] Chen C J, Huang Y F. Creative workforce density, organizational slack, and innovation performance [J]. Journal of Business Research, 2010, 63(4): 411-417.
[36] Bourgeois L J. On the measurement of organizational slack [J]. Academy of Management Review, 1981, 6(1): 29-39.
[37] Martinez R J, Artz K. An examination of firm slack and risk-taking in regulated and deregulated airlines [J]. Journal of Managerial Issues, 2006, 18(1): 11-31.
[38] Wu H. When does internal governance make firms innovative? [J]. Journal of Business Research, 2008, 61(2): 141-153.
[39] Chang S J, Rhee J H. Rapid FDI expansion and firm performance [J]. Journal of International Business Studies, 2011, 42(8): 979-994.
[40] Huang Y F, Chen C J. The impact of technological diversity and organizational slack on innovation [J]. Technovation, 2010, 30(7): 420-428.
[41] Battilana J, Casciaro T. Change agents, networks, and institutions: A contingency theory of organizational change [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2012, 55(2): 381-398.
[42] Amezcua A S, Grimes M G, Bradley S W, et al. Organizational sponsorship and founding environments: A contingency view on the survival of business-incubated firms, 1994-2007 [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2013, 56(6): 1628-1654.
[43] Aragón-Correa J A, Sharma S. A contingent resource-based view of proactive corporate environmental strategy [J]. Academy of Management Review, 2003, 28(1): 71-88.
[44] Priem R L, Butler J E. Is the resource-based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management research? [J]. Academy of Management Review, 2001, 26(1): 22-40.
[45] Danneels E. Organizational antecedents of second-order competences [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2008, 29(5): 519-543.
[46] Lawson B, Samson D. Developing innovation capability in organisations: A dynamic capabilities approach [J]. International Journal of Innovation Management, 2001, 05(03): 377-400.
[47] Teece D J, Pisano G, Shuen A. Dynamic capabilities and strategic management [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1997, 18(7): 509-533.
[48] Eisenhardt K M, Martin J A. Dynamic capabilities: What are they? [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2000, 21(10-11): 1105-1121.
[49] Aldrich H E. Organizations and environments [M]. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1979.
[50] Dess G G, Beard D W. Dimensions of organizational task environments [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1984, 29(1): 52-73.
[51] Keats B W, Hitt M A. A causal model of linkages among environmental dimensions, macro organizational characteristics, and performance [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 1988, 31(3): 570-598.
[52] Bradley S W, Shepherd D A, Wiklund J. The importance of slack for new organizations facing ‘tough’ environments [J]. Journal of Management Studies, 2011, 48(5): 1071-1097.
[53] Azadegan A, Patel P C, Zangoueinezhad A, et al. The effect of environmental complexity and environmental dynamism on lean practices [J]. Journal of Operations Management, 2013, 31(4): 193-212.
[54] Cooper D, Patel P C, Thatcher S M B. It depends: Environmental context and the effects of faultlines on top management team performance [J]. Organization Science, 2014, 25(2): 633-652.
[55] Miller D, Friesen P H. Strategy-making and environment: The third link [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1983, 4(3): 221-235.
[56] Lawrence P R, Lorsch J W. Differentiation and integration in complex organizations [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1967, 12(1): 1-47.
[57] Terjesen S, Patel P C, Covin J G. Alliance diversity, environmental context and the value of manufacturing capabilities among new high technology ventures [J]. Journal of Operations Management, 2011, 29(1-2): 105-115.
[58] Chan H K, Yee R W Y, Dai J, et al. The moderating effect of environmental dynamism on green product innovation and performance [J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2016, 181(Part B): 384-391.
[59] Brown S, Eisenhardt K. The art of continuous change: Linking complexity theory and time-paced evolution in relentlessly shifting organizations [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1997, 42(1): 1-34.
[60] Eisenhardt K M, Tabrizi B N. Accelerating adaptive processes: Product innovation in the global computer industry [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1995(1): 84-110.
[61] Waddock S A, Graves S B. The corporate social performance-financial performance link [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1997, 8(4): 303-319.
[62] Singh J V. Performance, slack, and risk taking in organizational decision making [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 1986, 29(3): 562-585.
[63] Dokko G, Gaba V. Venturing into new territory: Career experiences of corporate venture capital managers and practice variation [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2012, 55(3): 563-583.
[64] Wooldridge J M. Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data [M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2010.
[65] Bond S R. Dynamic panel data models: A guide to micro data methods and practice [J]. Portuguese Economic Journal, 2002, 1(2): 141-162.
[66] Hansen L P. Large sample properties of generalized method of moments estimators [J]. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1982, 50(3): 1029-1054.
[67] Holtz-Eakin D, Newey W, Rosen H S. Estimating vector autoregressions with panel data [J]. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1988, 56(6): 1371-1395.
[68] Arellano M, Bond S. Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations [J]. Review of Economic Studies, 1991, 58(2): 277-297.
[69] Roodman D. How to do xtabond2: An introduction to “difference” and “system” GMM in stata [J]. Stata Journal, 2006, 9(1): 86-136.
[70] Windmeijer F. A finite sample correction for the variance of linear efficient two-step GMM estimators [J]. Journal of Econometrics, 2005, 126(1): 25-51.
[71] Cohen J, Cohen P, West S G, et al. Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences [M]. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2003.
[2] 国家发展计划委员会产业发展司. 中国装备制造业发展研究报告[M]. 北京: 国家发展计划委员会产业发展司, 2002.
[3] 王子龙. 中国装备制造业系统演化与评价研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2007.
[4] 成其谦. 世界制造中心辨析[J]. 中国工业经济, 2002 (4): 46-50.
[5] 赵明月, 张璐晶. “中国制造”的美丽与伤痕[J]. 中国经济周刊, 2014 (1): 40-45.
[6] 蔡昉. 人口转变、人口红利与刘易斯转折点[J]. 经济研究, 2010 (4): 4-13.
[7] Bayus B L, Erickson G, Jacobson R. The financial rewards of new product introductions in the personal computer industry [J]. Management Science, 2003, 49(2): 197-210.
[8] Pauwels K, Silva-Risso J, Srinivasan S, et al. New products, sales promotions, and firm value: The case of the automobile industry [J]. Journal of Marketing, 2004, 68(4): 142-156.
[9] 田立法, 张光磊. 创新战略、高绩效工作系统与高新技术企业绩效关系机理[J]. 系统管理学报, 2015, (4): 552-562.
[10] Lin R J, Tan K H, Geng Y. Market demand, green product innovation, and firm performance: Evidence from Vietnam motorcycle industry [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2013, 40: 101-107.
[11] Ba S, Lisic L, Liu Q, et al. Stock market reaction to green vehicle innovation [J]. Production and Operations Management, 2013, 22(4): 976-990.
[12] Kelm K M, Narayanan V, Pinches G E. Shareholder value creation during R&D innovation and commercialization stages [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 1995, 38(3): 770-786.
[13] 李远勤. 所得税优惠与政府背景对民营企业技术创新投入的影响[J]. 系统管理学报, 2016, 25(5): 930-939.
[14] 张大力, 葛玉辉. 高管团队跨界行为与企业创新绩效关系:基于团队学习的视角[J]. 系统管理学报, 2016, 25(2): 235-245.
[15] 张志华, 陈向东. 企业学习方式、创新能力与创新绩效关系的实证研究[J]. 系统管理学报, 2016, 25(5): 829-836.
[16] OECD. The measurement of scientific and technological activities Oslo Manual: Guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation data (3rd ed.) [M]. Paris: OECD EUROSTAT, 2005.
[17] Liu H, Ding X, Guo H, et al. How does slack affect product innovation in high-tech Chinese firms: The contingent value of entrepreneurial orientation [J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 2014, 31(1): 47-68.
[18] Grant R M. The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: Implications for strategy formulation [J]. California Management Review, 1991, 33(3): 114-135.
[19] Camisón C, Villar-López A. Organizational innovation as an enabler of technological innovation capabilities and firm performance [J]. Journal of Business Research, 2014, 67(1): 2891-2902.
[20] Wernerfelt B. A resource-based view of the firm [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1984, 5(2): 171-180.
[21] Barney J. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage [J]. Journal of Management, 1991, 17(1): 99-120.
[22] Schilke O. On the contingent value of dynamic capabilities for competitive advantage: The nonlinear moderating effect of environmental dynamism [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2014, 35(2): 179-203.
[23] Cucculelli M, Ermini B. New product introduction and product tenure: What effects on firm growth? [J]. Research Policy, 2012, 41(5): 808-821.
[24] Kumar M. The relationship between product and international diversification: The effects of short-run constraints and endogeneity [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2009, 30(1): 99-116.
[25] Voss G B, Sirdeshmukh D, Voss Z G. The effects of slack resources and environmental threat on product exploration and exploitation [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2008, 51(1): 147-164.
[26] Nohria N, Gulati R. Is slack good or bad for innovation? [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 1996, 39(5): 1245-1264.
[27] Azadegan A, Patel P C, Parida V. Operational slack and venture survival [J]. Production and Operations Management, 2013, 22(1): 1-18.
[28] Sharfman M P, Wolf G, Chase R B, et al. Antecedents of organizational slack [J]. Academy of Management Review, 1988, 13(4): 601-614.
[29] Tan J, Peng M W. Organizational slack and firm performance during economic transitions: Two studies from an emerging economy [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2003, 24(13): 1249-1263.
[30] Etzion D. Research on organizations and the natural environment, 1992-present: A review [J]. Journal of Management, 2007, 33(4): 637-664.
[31] Aguilera-Caracuel J, Aragón-Correa J A, Hurtado-Torres N E, et al. The effects of institutional distance and headquarters’ financial performance on the generation of environmental standards in multinational companies [J]. Journal of Business Ethics, 2012, 105(4): 461-474.
[32] Bowen F E. Organizational slack and corporate greening: Broadening the debate [J]. British Journal of Management, 2002, 13(4): 305-316.
[33] Chen Y M, Yang D H, Lin F J. Does technological diversification matter to firm performance? The moderating role of organizational slack [J]. Journal of Business Research, 2013, 66(10): 1970-1975.
[34] Lee C, Wu H. How do slack resources affect the relationship between R&D expenditures and firm performance? [J]. R&D Management, 2016, 46(S3): 958-978.
[35] Chen C J, Huang Y F. Creative workforce density, organizational slack, and innovation performance [J]. Journal of Business Research, 2010, 63(4): 411-417.
[36] Bourgeois L J. On the measurement of organizational slack [J]. Academy of Management Review, 1981, 6(1): 29-39.
[37] Martinez R J, Artz K. An examination of firm slack and risk-taking in regulated and deregulated airlines [J]. Journal of Managerial Issues, 2006, 18(1): 11-31.
[38] Wu H. When does internal governance make firms innovative? [J]. Journal of Business Research, 2008, 61(2): 141-153.
[39] Chang S J, Rhee J H. Rapid FDI expansion and firm performance [J]. Journal of International Business Studies, 2011, 42(8): 979-994.
[40] Huang Y F, Chen C J. The impact of technological diversity and organizational slack on innovation [J]. Technovation, 2010, 30(7): 420-428.
[41] Battilana J, Casciaro T. Change agents, networks, and institutions: A contingency theory of organizational change [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2012, 55(2): 381-398.
[42] Amezcua A S, Grimes M G, Bradley S W, et al. Organizational sponsorship and founding environments: A contingency view on the survival of business-incubated firms, 1994-2007 [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2013, 56(6): 1628-1654.
[43] Aragón-Correa J A, Sharma S. A contingent resource-based view of proactive corporate environmental strategy [J]. Academy of Management Review, 2003, 28(1): 71-88.
[44] Priem R L, Butler J E. Is the resource-based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management research? [J]. Academy of Management Review, 2001, 26(1): 22-40.
[45] Danneels E. Organizational antecedents of second-order competences [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2008, 29(5): 519-543.
[46] Lawson B, Samson D. Developing innovation capability in organisations: A dynamic capabilities approach [J]. International Journal of Innovation Management, 2001, 05(03): 377-400.
[47] Teece D J, Pisano G, Shuen A. Dynamic capabilities and strategic management [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1997, 18(7): 509-533.
[48] Eisenhardt K M, Martin J A. Dynamic capabilities: What are they? [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2000, 21(10-11): 1105-1121.
[49] Aldrich H E. Organizations and environments [M]. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1979.
[50] Dess G G, Beard D W. Dimensions of organizational task environments [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1984, 29(1): 52-73.
[51] Keats B W, Hitt M A. A causal model of linkages among environmental dimensions, macro organizational characteristics, and performance [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 1988, 31(3): 570-598.
[52] Bradley S W, Shepherd D A, Wiklund J. The importance of slack for new organizations facing ‘tough’ environments [J]. Journal of Management Studies, 2011, 48(5): 1071-1097.
[53] Azadegan A, Patel P C, Zangoueinezhad A, et al. The effect of environmental complexity and environmental dynamism on lean practices [J]. Journal of Operations Management, 2013, 31(4): 193-212.
[54] Cooper D, Patel P C, Thatcher S M B. It depends: Environmental context and the effects of faultlines on top management team performance [J]. Organization Science, 2014, 25(2): 633-652.
[55] Miller D, Friesen P H. Strategy-making and environment: The third link [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1983, 4(3): 221-235.
[56] Lawrence P R, Lorsch J W. Differentiation and integration in complex organizations [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1967, 12(1): 1-47.
[57] Terjesen S, Patel P C, Covin J G. Alliance diversity, environmental context and the value of manufacturing capabilities among new high technology ventures [J]. Journal of Operations Management, 2011, 29(1-2): 105-115.
[58] Chan H K, Yee R W Y, Dai J, et al. The moderating effect of environmental dynamism on green product innovation and performance [J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2016, 181(Part B): 384-391.
[59] Brown S, Eisenhardt K. The art of continuous change: Linking complexity theory and time-paced evolution in relentlessly shifting organizations [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1997, 42(1): 1-34.
[60] Eisenhardt K M, Tabrizi B N. Accelerating adaptive processes: Product innovation in the global computer industry [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1995(1): 84-110.
[61] Waddock S A, Graves S B. The corporate social performance-financial performance link [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1997, 8(4): 303-319.
[62] Singh J V. Performance, slack, and risk taking in organizational decision making [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 1986, 29(3): 562-585.
[63] Dokko G, Gaba V. Venturing into new territory: Career experiences of corporate venture capital managers and practice variation [J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2012, 55(3): 563-583.
[64] Wooldridge J M. Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data [M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2010.
[65] Bond S R. Dynamic panel data models: A guide to micro data methods and practice [J]. Portuguese Economic Journal, 2002, 1(2): 141-162.
[66] Hansen L P. Large sample properties of generalized method of moments estimators [J]. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1982, 50(3): 1029-1054.
[67] Holtz-Eakin D, Newey W, Rosen H S. Estimating vector autoregressions with panel data [J]. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1988, 56(6): 1371-1395.
[68] Arellano M, Bond S. Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations [J]. Review of Economic Studies, 1991, 58(2): 277-297.
[69] Roodman D. How to do xtabond2: An introduction to “difference” and “system” GMM in stata [J]. Stata Journal, 2006, 9(1): 86-136.
[70] Windmeijer F. A finite sample correction for the variance of linear efficient two-step GMM estimators [J]. Journal of Econometrics, 2005, 126(1): 25-51.
[71] Cohen J, Cohen P, West S G, et al. Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences [M]. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2003.
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