现代黄河口南岸海洋沉积环境分析
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摘要
根据在现代黄河口南岸采集的45个表层沉积物样品与5个柱状沉积物样品的粒度测试结果,研究了现代黄河口南岸沉积物的类型与空间分布特征。通过粒度参数计算和聚类分析方法绘制了粒度概率累积曲线,探讨了沉积物粒度分布特征与物源和沉积动力环境间的关系。现代黄河口至广利河河口的沉积物颗粒呈"粗—细—粗"分布,表层沉积物分为粉砂质砂和砂质粉砂2种类型。通过分析对比柱状沉积物不同深度粒度频率曲线与概率累积曲线,结合对沉积环境和沉积速率的分析,认为黄河河道摆动是影响沉积环境的主导因素。通过对比典型潮滩剖面丰枯季节粒度概率累积曲线发现,广利河在局部区域对沉积环境产生一定的影响。研究表明:黄河改道是影响沉积环境的主导因素,同时,广利河等沿岸河流在河口局部区域对原有沉积环境有一定的改造作用,至莱州湾南岸,沿岸小清河、弥河等河流取代黄河成为影响沉积环境的主导因素。
45 surface samples and 5 short cores are collected from the south bank of the modern Yellow River Estuary.Sediment types and their spatial distribution patterns are studied.Based on probability accumulative curves,grain size parameters are computed and the clustering method is adopted to reveal the spatial distribution and transport path of the sediments.Sediments vary in a pattern of"coarse-fine-coarse"from the modern Yellow River mouth to the Guangli Estuary.The study area is thus subdivided to two parts according the grain size distribution pattern.Frequency and probability cumulative curves in different depth of core sediments,combined with the data of coastline changes,types of sedimentary environment and sedimentation rate,suggest that the tempo-spatial variation in sediment discharge from the Yellow River are the major cause to the changes in sedimentary environments.The influence of Guangli River may be observed through the correlation of the probability cumulative curves of beach profiles in wet and dry seasons.The Guangli river system plays an obvious role in changes of the original sedimentary environment,while the Xiaoqing River and Mihe River on the southern bank of the Laizhou Bay also play certain roles to the changes in sedimentary environment.
45 surface samples and 5 short cores are collected from the south bank of the modern Yellow River Estuary.Sediment types and their spatial distribution patterns are studied.Based on probability accumulative curves,grain size parameters are computed and the clustering method is adopted to reveal the spatial distribution and transport path of the sediments.Sediments vary in a pattern of"coarse-fine-coarse"from the modern Yellow River mouth to the Guangli Estuary.The study area is thus subdivided to two parts according the grain size distribution pattern.Frequency and probability cumulative curves in different depth of core sediments,combined with the data of coastline changes,types of sedimentary environment and sedimentation rate,suggest that the tempo-spatial variation in sediment discharge from the Yellow River are the major cause to the changes in sedimentary environments.The influence of Guangli River may be observed through the correlation of the probability cumulative curves of beach profiles in wet and dry seasons.The Guangli river system plays an obvious role in changes of the original sedimentary environment,while the Xiaoqing River and Mihe River on the southern bank of the Laizhou Bay also play certain roles to the changes in sedimentary environment.
引文
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[28]刘桂卫,黄海军,刘艳霞,等.风暴潮前后莱州湾西岸岸滩演化特征研究[J].海洋科学集刊,2010:32-39.
[29]李凤业,袁巍.近代黄河三角洲海域210 Pb多阶分布与河口变迁[J].海洋与湖沼,1992,23(5):566-571.
[30]任寒寒,范德江,张喜林,等.黄河入海口变迁的沉积记录:来自粒度和210Pb的证据[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2014,34(4):21-29.
[31]董太禄.渤海现代沉积作用与模式的研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1996,16(4):43-53.
[32]Sahu B K.Depositonal mechanisms from the size analysis of clastic sediments[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1964,34(1):73-83.
[33]阎新兴,郑丽霞.山东潍坊北港近海区地貌特征及泥沙来源分析[J].海洋通报,1992,11(4):65-72.
[34]金玉休,朱龙海,吴建政,等.小清河感潮河段与河口区温排水模拟及对地貌的响应[J].海洋科学,2014,38(11):74-83.
[35]于海霞.气候变化对莱州湾地区水资源影响及对策研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2001.
[2]Mcmanus J.Grain size determination and interpretation[M]∥Tucker M.Techniques in Sedimentology.Oxford:Wiley Blackwell,1988:63-85.
[3]Mclaren P,Bowles D.The effects of sediment transport on grain-size distributions[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1985,55(4):457-470.
[4]王伟,李安春,徐方建,等.北黄海表层沉积物粒度分布特征及其沉积环境分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2009,40(5):525-531.
[5]Cohen J E,Small C,Mellinger A,et al.Estimates of coastal populations[J].Science,1997,278:1209-1213.
[6]陈影影,张振克,徐华夏,等.沿海不同年限围垦区土壤剖面有机碳同位素与粒度特征---以江苏省东台市为例[J].地理科学,2015,35(6):782-789.
[7]陈沈良,杨世伦,吴瑞明.杭州湾北岸潮滩沉积物粒度的时间变化及其沉积动力学意义[J].海洋科学进展,2004,22(3):299-305.
[8]庞家珍,司书亨.黄河河口演变(Ⅰ)---近代历史变迁[J].海洋与湖沼,1979,10(2):136-141.
[9]周良勇,高茂生,徐刚,等.黄河三角洲潮滩的侵蚀和再沉积:示踪砂棒法的应用[J].地质通报,2014,33(10):1602-1608.
[10]杨忠年,单红仙,贾永刚,等.黄河三角洲北部岸滩蚀积演变特征研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(1):159-169.
[11]魏梦杰,叶思源,丁喜桂,等.黄河三角洲滨海湿地沉积环境演化与碳的累积[J].海洋科学,2015,39(4):64-72.
[12]王永丽,于君宝,董洪芳,等.黄河三角洲滨海湿地的景观格局空间演变分析[J].地理科学,2012,32(6):717-724.
[13]陈小英.陆海相互作用下现代黄河三角洲沉积和冲淤环境研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2008.
[14]冯秀丽,沈渭铨,杨荣民,等.现代黄河口区沉积环境与沉积物工程性质的关系[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,1994(s3):21-28.
[15]Ye Q H,Chen S L,Huang C,et al.Characteristics of landscape information Tupu of the Yellow River swings and its subdeltas during 1855-2000[J].Science in China,2007,50(10):1566-1577.
[16]杨荣民,李广雪,李安龙,等.广利河口拦门沙的沉积特征与冲淤过程的研究[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2005,35(2):339-343.
[17]薛春汀.现代黄河三角洲叶瓣的划分和识别[J].地理研究,1994,13(02):59-66.
[18]王福,王宏,李建芬,等.渤海地区210Pb、137 Cs同位素测年的研究现状[J].地质论评,2006,52(2):244-250.
[19]李军,胡邦琦,窦衍光,等.中国东部海域泥质沉积区现代沉积速率及其物源控制效应初探[J].地质论评,2012,58(4):745-756.
[20]Li F Y.Modern sedimentation rates and sedimentation feature in the Huanghe River estuary based on 210Pb technique[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,1993,11(4):333-342.
[21]尹延鸿,周永青,丁东.现代黄河三角洲海岸演化研究[J].海洋通报,2004,23(2):32-40.
[22]王志豪,黄世光.利用近年施测海图及古海图研究黄河三角洲变迁[J].海岸工程,1988(2):47-58.
[23]Folk J,Ward W C.A study in a significance of grain size parameters[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1957,27(1):2-26.
[24]尉建功,冯秀丽,林霖,等.秦皇岛附近海域表层沉积物粒度分布特征及运移趋势分析[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2013,43(7):66-71.
[25]Pmclaren.An interpretation of trends in grain size measures[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1981,51:611-624.
[26]王庆,王小鲁,李雪艳,等.黄河三角洲南部废弃三角洲潮间滩涂表层沉积粒度特征及其粗化现象[J].第四纪研究,2017,37(2):353-367.
[27]Sahu B K.Depositional mechanism from the size analysis of classic sediments[J].Journal of Sediment Research,1964,34(1):73-83.
[28]刘桂卫,黄海军,刘艳霞,等.风暴潮前后莱州湾西岸岸滩演化特征研究[J].海洋科学集刊,2010:32-39.
[29]李凤业,袁巍.近代黄河三角洲海域210 Pb多阶分布与河口变迁[J].海洋与湖沼,1992,23(5):566-571.
[30]任寒寒,范德江,张喜林,等.黄河入海口变迁的沉积记录:来自粒度和210Pb的证据[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2014,34(4):21-29.
[31]董太禄.渤海现代沉积作用与模式的研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1996,16(4):43-53.
[32]Sahu B K.Depositonal mechanisms from the size analysis of clastic sediments[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1964,34(1):73-83.
[33]阎新兴,郑丽霞.山东潍坊北港近海区地貌特征及泥沙来源分析[J].海洋通报,1992,11(4):65-72.
[34]金玉休,朱龙海,吴建政,等.小清河感潮河段与河口区温排水模拟及对地貌的响应[J].海洋科学,2014,38(11):74-83.
[35]于海霞.气候变化对莱州湾地区水资源影响及对策研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2001.
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