裂隙岩体巷道大变形特征与稳定性控制
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摘要
针对木孔矿深部裂隙岩体变形巷道围岩的稳定性及控制问题,采用现场调研与测试、实验室力学试验、理论分析和现场试验相结合的方法,分析+600 m(东翼)运输大巷围岩变形的主要影响因素。研究结果表明,该段巷道变形较大,应力环境复杂,围岩内部呈分区破裂形式分布,节理裂隙比较发育,为碎裂状结构类型。岩石力学试验结果表明,岩石的力学性质差异明显,岩体受到构造或结构面的影响较大;对该巷道的典型地段进行稳定性分级及描述,稳定性类别大多为V或IV类。因此,结合巷道围岩变形特点提出综合控制原则及关键技术,工程实践中采用"分次强化支护,实现内外承载"为核心的"锚杆、锚索和两步注浆壳体"联合支护技术,监测结果表明,新支护后的巷道围岩变形在可控范围之内,最终变形速度均未达到0.2 mm/d。
To solve the rock stability and control issues around deep roadway with fractured rock mass in Mukong coalmine, the main factors affecting the rock deformation in + 600 m(east wing) main haulage roadway were analyzed through adopting multiple methods of field survey and test, laboratory mechanics test, theoretical analysis and field experiments. Results show that the roadway tends to experience large deformation. The stress distribution is complex and surrounding rocks distribute in the form of zonal rupture. Meanwhile, the joint fissure develops well, forming the cataclastic structure. Rock mechanics test results show that the mechanical properties of rock are obviously different, and the rock mass is greatly affected by structures or structural planes. At the same time, the stability of some typical sections in the roadway are graded and described, which are mostly V or IV. Therefore, the comprehensive control principle and key technologies were put forward based on the deformation characteristics of roadway surrounding rock. In the engineering practice, "the bolt, cable and two-stage grouting shell"combined support technology were carried out. This technology focuses on "sub-strengthening support and internal & external bearing". According to the monitoring results, the deformation of roadway surrounding rock after adopting new support technique is within a controllable range, with the final deformation rate being less than 0.2 mm/d.
To solve the rock stability and control issues around deep roadway with fractured rock mass in Mukong coalmine, the main factors affecting the rock deformation in + 600 m(east wing) main haulage roadway were analyzed through adopting multiple methods of field survey and test, laboratory mechanics test, theoretical analysis and field experiments. Results show that the roadway tends to experience large deformation. The stress distribution is complex and surrounding rocks distribute in the form of zonal rupture. Meanwhile, the joint fissure develops well, forming the cataclastic structure. Rock mechanics test results show that the mechanical properties of rock are obviously different, and the rock mass is greatly affected by structures or structural planes. At the same time, the stability of some typical sections in the roadway are graded and described, which are mostly V or IV. Therefore, the comprehensive control principle and key technologies were put forward based on the deformation characteristics of roadway surrounding rock. In the engineering practice, "the bolt, cable and two-stage grouting shell"combined support technology were carried out. This technology focuses on "sub-strengthening support and internal & external bearing". According to the monitoring results, the deformation of roadway surrounding rock after adopting new support technique is within a controllable range, with the final deformation rate being less than 0.2 mm/d.
引文
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[15]余伟健,高谦,靳学奇,等.受断层构造影响的深部岩体现场调查及力学特征分析[J].地球物理学进展,2013,28(1):488-497.YU Weijian,GAO Qian,JIN Xueqi,et al.Field investigation and mechanics characteristics analysis of deep rock mass affected by fault structure[J].Progress in Geophys,2013,28(1):488-497.
[16]王卫军,侯朝炯,冯涛,等.动压巷道底鼓[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2003.
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[2]王其洲,谢文兵,荆升国,等.非均称变形巷道变形破坏规律及支护对策[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(6):985-991.WANG Qizhou,XIE Wenbing,JING Shengguo,et al.Support countermeasure and deformation law of roadway with non-symmetrical deformation[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2016,33(6):985-991.
[3]高明仕,杨青松,赵一超,等.高应力大变形巷道让压锚索支护技术及装置研制[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(1):7-11.GAO Mingshi,YANG Qingsong,ZHAO Yichao,et al.Support technology and device development of yield cables for the high stress and large deformation roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2016,33(1):7-11.
[4]余伟健,王卫军,黄文忠,等.高应力软岩巷道变形与破坏机制及返修控制技术[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(4):614-623.YU Weijian,WANG Weijun,HUANG Wenzhong,et al.Deformation mechanism and rework control technology of high stress and soft rock roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(4):614-623.
[5]张农,王成,高明仕,等.淮南矿区深部煤巷支护难度分级及控制对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(12):2421-2428.ZHANG Nong,WANG Cheng,GAO Mingshi,et al.Roadway support difficulty classification and controlling techniques for Huainan deep coal mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(12):2421-2428.
[6]张向东,张哲诚,杨博维,等.基于量化GSI系统的破碎岩体应变软化行为研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(2):517-523.ZHANG Xiangdong,ZHANG Zhecheng,YANG Bowei,et al.Strain softening behavior of broken rock mass based on a quantitative GSI system[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(2):517-523.
[7]常聚才,谢广祥.锚杆支护控制深部巷道围岩力学效应研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2013,40(6):43-48.CHANG Jucai,XIE Guangxiang.A study of coupled mechanical effect of bolts supporting on surrounding rock on a deep coal mine roadway[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2013,40(6):43-48.
[8]康红普.深部煤矿应力分布特征及巷道围岩控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(9):12-17.KANG Hongpu.Stress distribution characteristics and strata control technology for roadways in deep coal mines[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(9):12-17.
[9]王卫军,袁超,余伟健,等.深部大变形巷道围岩稳定性控制方法研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(12):2921-2931.WANG Weijun,YUAN Chao,YU Weijian,et al.Stability control method of surrounding rock in deep roadway with large deformation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(12):2921-2931.
[10]侯朝炯.深部巷道围岩控制的关键技术研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):881-889.HOU Chaojiong.Key technologies for surrounding rock control in deep roadway[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(5):881-889.
[11]吴顺川,高谦,刘福军.二次动压巷道支护设计与参数优化[J].北京科技大学学报,2006,28(3):215-218.WU Shunchuan,GAO Qian,LIU Fujun.Reinforcement design and parameters optimization for a secondary dynamic pressure tunnel[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2006,28(3):215-218.
[12]余伟健,袁越,王卫军.困难条件下大变形巷道围岩变形机理与控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(1):15-20.YU Weijian,YUAN Yue,WANG Weijun.Deformation mechanism of roadway surrounding rock with large deformation and control technology under difficult conditions[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(1):15-20.
[13]余伟健,高谦.高应力巷道围岩综合控制技术及应用研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2010,38(2):1-5.YU Weijian,GAO Qian.Surrounding rock comprehensive control technology and application to mine high stress roadway[J].Coal Science and Technology,2010,38(2):1-5.
[14]谢和平.“深部岩体力学与开采理论”研究构想与预期成果展望[J].工程科学与技术,2017,49(2):1-16.XIE Heping.Research framework and anticipated results of deep rock mechanics and mining theory[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2017,49(2):1-16.
[15]余伟健,高谦,靳学奇,等.受断层构造影响的深部岩体现场调查及力学特征分析[J].地球物理学进展,2013,28(1):488-497.YU Weijian,GAO Qian,JIN Xueqi,et al.Field investigation and mechanics characteristics analysis of deep rock mass affected by fault structure[J].Progress in Geophys,2013,28(1):488-497.
[16]王卫军,侯朝炯,冯涛,等.动压巷道底鼓[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2003.
[17]余伟健,高谦.高应力构造带巷道围岩控制机理及工程实践[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2012.
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