多相反应器的非均相特性测量技术进展
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摘要
为了增大传质和传热面积,多相反应器中分散相通常以颗粒形式(气泡、液滴或固体颗粒)分散、运动于连续相流体中,与周围的连续相及其他分散相颗粒的相互作用使颗粒和颗粒群呈现复杂的时空非均相行为。多相反应器中非均相特性的准确描述是发展准确的反应器模型、进行定量诊断分析和优化设计高效反应器的必要基础。本文总结了多相反应器中颗粒和颗粒群的复杂时空行为,提出了当前多相反应器非均相特性测量正面临的在线测量、高分散相浓度和多分散相等主要难题;综述了多相反应器测量技术研究的进展,指出了PC和PV等光纤测量技术是较经济的高浓度两相反应器的在线测量技术,而侵入式照相法测量结果更准确,具备解决上述测量难题方面的可行性,具备较好的应用前景,但要实现工业在线测量仍存在一些高难度的技术问题需要解决。
In order to increase the mass/heat transfer area, the dispersed phases in multiphase reactors are usually dispersed into the continuous phase fluid in the form of particles(bubbles, droplets or solidparticles). The interactions with the surrounding continuous phase and other dispersed phase particlesmake the particles and particle swarms present the complex temporal and spatial heterogeneousbehaviors. It is the essential basis to describe accurately these heterogeneous characteristics for modelingaccurately, diagnosing quantitatively and optimizing multiphase reactors. In this work, the complextemporal and spatial heterogeneous behaviors of particles and particle swarms in multiphase reactors aresummarized and three main measurement problems, i. e., on-line, dense dispersed phase and multi-dispersed phase measurements are put forward in multiphase reactors. The progresses in the measurementtechniques of multiphase reactors are summarized. It is pointed out that the optical fiber measurementtechniques such as PC and PV probes are more economical for on-line measurement of the dense two-phase reactors, while the invasive photography technology is more accurate. It provides the feasibility to solve the above measurement problems and has a good applicable prospect. However, there are still sometechnical problems to be solved in order to realize the industrial on-line heterogeneous measurement of multiphase reactors.
In order to increase the mass/heat transfer area, the dispersed phases in multiphase reactors are usually dispersed into the continuous phase fluid in the form of particles(bubbles, droplets or solidparticles). The interactions with the surrounding continuous phase and other dispersed phase particlesmake the particles and particle swarms present the complex temporal and spatial heterogeneousbehaviors. It is the essential basis to describe accurately these heterogeneous characteristics for modelingaccurately, diagnosing quantitatively and optimizing multiphase reactors. In this work, the complextemporal and spatial heterogeneous behaviors of particles and particle swarms in multiphase reactors aresummarized and three main measurement problems, i. e., on-line, dense dispersed phase and multi-dispersed phase measurements are put forward in multiphase reactors. The progresses in the measurementtechniques of multiphase reactors are summarized. It is pointed out that the optical fiber measurementtechniques such as PC and PV probes are more economical for on-line measurement of the dense two-phase reactors, while the invasive photography technology is more accurate. It provides the feasibility to solve the above measurement problems and has a good applicable prospect. However, there are still sometechnical problems to be solved in order to realize the industrial on-line heterogeneous measurement of multiphase reactors.
引文
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