某重型变速箱端盖强度有限元分析及试验研究
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摘要
目前结构优化步骤一般是先有限元建模,后优化分析。为提高分析精度,进而确保结构优化结果的合理性,需要对有限元模型进行验证。针对我国某重载变速箱箱体左端盖进行有限元分析。根据有限元分析结果选取测点并实测载荷。用端盖实测载荷谱对有限元模型进行验证。经数据分析后发现,齿轮啮合产生的动态载荷是静态载荷的1. 1～2. 3倍左右,但是前期有限元分析却没有考虑动载的影响,这会导致端盖在服役过程中发生早期失效。最后结合间接获得的动载系数修正载荷的边界条件,使得修改后的有限元模型精度提高。为后期的优化设计提供了精确的模型。
The current structural optimization steps are the first finite element modeling,followed by optimization analysis.In order to improve the accuracy of the analysis and ensure the rationality of the structural optimization results,the finite element model needs to be verified. In this paper,finite element analysis is carried out for the left end cap of a heavy load transmission box in China. According to the finite element analysis results,the measured points are selected and the loaded is measured. The finite element model is verified by the measured load spectrum of the end cap. It is found that the dynamic load generated by the gear meshing is about 1. 1 to 2. 5 times of the static load,but the pre-finite element analysis does not take into account the effect of dynamic loading,which can lead to early failure of the end cap during service. Finally,the boundary condition of the load is modified by indirectly obtained dynamic load factor,which makes the modified finite element model more accurate. Which provides an accurate model for the later optimization design.
The current structural optimization steps are the first finite element modeling,followed by optimization analysis.In order to improve the accuracy of the analysis and ensure the rationality of the structural optimization results,the finite element model needs to be verified. In this paper,finite element analysis is carried out for the left end cap of a heavy load transmission box in China. According to the finite element analysis results,the measured points are selected and the loaded is measured. The finite element model is verified by the measured load spectrum of the end cap. It is found that the dynamic load generated by the gear meshing is about 1. 1 to 2. 5 times of the static load,but the pre-finite element analysis does not take into account the effect of dynamic loading,which can lead to early failure of the end cap during service. Finally,the boundary condition of the load is modified by indirectly obtained dynamic load factor,which makes the modified finite element model more accurate. Which provides an accurate model for the later optimization design.
引文
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[2]吴炜,李守成.某特种半挂车车架有限元分析及试验研究[J].机械强度,2016(6):1361-1365.WU Wei,LI ShouCheng.Finite element analysis and experimental research on special semi-trailer frame[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2016(6):1361-1365(In Chinese).
[3]冯国胜,贾素梅.轻型车有限元分析及应用[J].机械强度,1996(2):78-82.FENG GuoSheng,JIA SuMei.The finite element analysis and its application for light bus[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,1996(2):78-82(In Chinese)..
[4]徐卓伟,黄长征,郑建标.SF2D154汽车变速箱箱体有限元力学分析[J].韶关学院学报,2014(12):28-32.XU ZhuoWei,HUANG ChangZheng,ZHENG Jian Biao.Finite element mechanics analysis for SF2D154 gear-box[J].Journal of Shaoguan University,2014(12):28-32(In Chinese).
[5]曹凤利,李国璋,傅建平.基于有限元的履带车辆变速箱体强度分析[J].机械工程师,2006(07):108-110.CAO FengLi,LI Guo Zhang,FU JianPing.Strength analysis of tracked vehicle gearbox by the finite element method[J].Mechanical Engineers,2006(07):108-110(In Chinese).
[6]王海霞,汤文成,钟秉林,等.CJ6121GCHK型客车车身骨架有限元建模及结果分析方法研究[J].汽车工程,2001(01):33-36.WANG Hai Xia,TANG Wen Cheng,ZHONG BingLin,et al.A study on finite element modeling and result analysis for bus body structure[J].Automotive Engineering,2001(01):33-36(In Chinese).
[7]褚超美,杜玉昊,张斌,等.变速器壳体有限元分析中网格最优划分方法的研究[J].汽车工程,2014(07):885-888.CHU ChaoMei,DU YuHao,ZHANG Bin,et al.A research on optimal mesh generation in finite element analysis for transmission housing[J].Automotive Engineering,2014(07):885-888(In Chinese).
[8]Ly D Nguyen,Taison Ku,Remo Neri.A Methodology to Analyze Aircraft Engine Gearbox and Mounting System Simultaneously Using Finite Element Analysis[C].SAE Paper 2002-01-2993.
[9]王海霞,刘献栋,单颖春,等.考虑材料非线性及螺栓预紧力的汽车钢制车轮弯曲强度分析[J].汽车工程学报,2012,2(2):134-138.WANG Hai Xia,LIU XianDong,SHAN Ying Chun,et al.Bending strength analysis of steel wheel considering the material nonlinearity and bolt pretension[J].Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering,2012,2(2):134-138(In Chinese).
[10]王建国.结构力学[M].合肥:合肥工业大学出版社.2015:102-118WANG Jian Guo.structural mechanics[M].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology Press.2015:102-118(In Chinese).
[11]陆毅,郑松林,冯金芝,等.基于载荷分布预分析的应变传感器布置[J].汽车科技,2012(01):47-50.LU Yi,ZHENG SongLin,FENG Jin Zhi,et al.The layout of strain sensor based on the preanalysis load distribution[J].Automotive Technology,2012(01):47-50(In Chinese).
[12]戴娟,汪大鹏,陈蕾,等.电测应力实验中应变片的粘贴技巧[J].湖南工程学院学报(自然科学版),2003,03:55-57.DAI Juan,WANG Da Peng,CHEN Lei,et al.Sticking technique of strain gauge in electrometric stress-test[J].Journal of Hunan Institute of Engineering(Natural Science Edition),2003(03):55-57(In Chinese).
[13]陈如恒.4500米钻机提升系统静动态载荷测试的初步分析[J].石油学报,1983(01):65-78.CHEN RuHeng.A preliminary analysis on static-dynamic load test of4500 m rig’s hoisting system[J].Journal of Petroleum Science,1983(01):65-78(In Chinese)
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