基于热网络法和有限元法的柔性轴承热分析
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摘要
在谐波齿轮传动中,柔性轴承内外圈随着波发生器的旋转不断发生弹性变形,因摩擦及润滑油黏性剪切生成大量的热,引起轴承系统的温升,从而影响柔性轴承的传动性能及疲劳寿命。全面考虑柔性轴承的特殊性,通过对其内部受载的受力分析,得出较为精确的柔性轴承发热量计算方法。采用热边界条件,研究其各零件热量的产生和传递关系,分别应用热网络法和有限元法对其开展稳态热分析,得到其温度场分布,并进行结果的对比。研究结果表明,柔性轴承内圈及外圈工作过程中的温度分布具有对称性,且最高温度区域出现在内圈滚道处,次高温出现在滚动体上,外圈温度略低于内圈温度。
In the harmonic gear drive,the elastic deformation of flexible bearing occurs continuously with the rotation of the wave generator,and a large amount of heat is generated because of the friction and the viscosity of the lubricating oil,which causes the temperature rise of the bearing system and influences the transmission performance and the life of flexible bearings. By comprehensively considering the particularity of the flexible bearing,a more accurate calculation method for the calorific value of the flexible bearing was obtained through the analysis of the load on the bearing. The heat generation and transfer relation of each part was studied by using the thermal boundary condition,the thermal analysis was carried out by thermal network method and finite element method,and the distribution of temperature was obtained. The results show that the temperature distribution of the inner ring and outer ring of the flexible bearing is symmetrical,and the highest temperature region appears at the inner ring raceway,the secondary high temperature appears on the rolling body,and the outer ring temperature is slightly lower than the inner ring temperature.
In the harmonic gear drive,the elastic deformation of flexible bearing occurs continuously with the rotation of the wave generator,and a large amount of heat is generated because of the friction and the viscosity of the lubricating oil,which causes the temperature rise of the bearing system and influences the transmission performance and the life of flexible bearings. By comprehensively considering the particularity of the flexible bearing,a more accurate calculation method for the calorific value of the flexible bearing was obtained through the analysis of the load on the bearing. The heat generation and transfer relation of each part was studied by using the thermal boundary condition,the thermal analysis was carried out by thermal network method and finite element method,and the distribution of temperature was obtained. The results show that the temperature distribution of the inner ring and outer ring of the flexible bearing is symmetrical,and the highest temperature region appears at the inner ring raceway,the secondary high temperature appears on the rolling body,and the outer ring temperature is slightly lower than the inner ring temperature.
引文
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[10]辛露,吴华春.径向磁力轴承的温度场分析与计算[J].机械制造,2011,49(6):18-21.XIN L,WU H C.Analysis and calculation of temperature field of radial magnetic bearing[J].Machinery,2011,49(6):18-21.
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[12]RAMOS-ALVARADO B,FENG B,PETERSON G P.Comparison and optimization of single-phase liquid cooling devices for the heat dissipation of high-power LED arrays[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2013,59(1/2):648-659.
[13]CHANGENET C,OVIEDO-MARLOT X,VELEX P.Power loss predictions in geared transmissions using thermal networksapplications to a six-speed manual gearbox[J].Mechanical Design,2006,128(3):618-625.
[2]郑传统,徐绍仁,杨德卿.球轴承摩擦力矩的研究现状与发展[J].轴承,2009(8):52-56.ZHENG C T,XU S R,YANG D Q.State and development on research of friction torque of ball bearings[J].Bearing,2009(8):52-56.
[3]朱爱华,朱成九,张卫华.滚动轴承摩擦力矩的计算分析[J].轴承,2008(7):1-3.ZHU A H,ZHU C J,ZHANG W H.Analysis on calculation of friction torque of rolling bearings[J].Bearing,2008(7):1-3.
[4]丁彩平.高速精密角接触球轴承传热机理分析[J].机械研究与应用,2010,23(1):33-36.DING C P.Research on the heat-transfer mechanism of high speed precise angular contact ball bearing[J].Mechanical research and Application,2010,23(1):33-36.
[5]HARRIS T A.Rolling bearing analysis[M].2nd Ed.CHICHES-TER:A Wiley-Interscience Publication,John Wiley&Sons,1984.
[6]王黎钦,陈观慈,古乐,等.高速圆柱滚子轴承生热研究[J].润滑与密封,2007,32(8):8-11.WANG L Q,CHEN G C,GU L,et al.Study on heat generation of high-speed cylindrical roller bearings[J].Lubrication Engineering,2007,32(8):8-11.
[7]张锡昌,张莉洁.高速高温混合轴承热膨胀分析[J].轴承,2001(3):8-9.ZHANG X C,ZHANG L J.Analysis on heat expansion for high speed and high temperature hybrid ball bearings[J].Bearing,2001(3):8-9.
[8]张锋,李和明,李永刚,等.大型汽轮发电机定子绕组温度水力模型[J].华北电力大学学报,2003,30(3):17-19.ZHANG F,LI H M,LI Y G,et al.Thermohydraulic model for stator bar of large turbo generator[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University,2003,30(3):17-19.
[9]蒋兴奇,马家驹,赵联春.高速精密角接触球轴承热分析[J].轴承,2000(8):1-4.JIANG X Q,MA J J,ZHAO L C.Thermal Analysis for High Speed Precision Angular Contact Ball Bearing[J].Bearing,2000(8):1-4.
[10]辛露,吴华春.径向磁力轴承的温度场分析与计算[J].机械制造,2011,49(6):18-21.XIN L,WU H C.Analysis and calculation of temperature field of radial magnetic bearing[J].Machinery,2011,49(6):18-21.
[11]OSTAPSKI W.MUKHA I.Stress state analysis of harmonic drive elements by FEM[J].Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences:Technical Sciences,2007,55(1):115-123.
[12]RAMOS-ALVARADO B,FENG B,PETERSON G P.Comparison and optimization of single-phase liquid cooling devices for the heat dissipation of high-power LED arrays[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2013,59(1/2):648-659.
[13]CHANGENET C,OVIEDO-MARLOT X,VELEX P.Power loss predictions in geared transmissions using thermal networksapplications to a six-speed manual gearbox[J].Mechanical Design,2006,128(3):618-625.
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