真空管道高速飞行列车车地宽带无线通信关键技术的思考
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摘要
真空管道高速飞行列车(以下简称高速飞行列车)是一种新型轨道交通技术,可实现磁浮列车在接近真空的低压管道内全天候以低机械磨擦、低空气阻力、低噪声模式超高速(超过1 000km/h)运行。保障高速飞行列车安全运行的关键是列车-地面无线通信系统,一方面,列车运行控制、牵引控制、在途监测等安全类数据需要在车地间实时双向通信,并满足"低延时高可靠"的传输要求;另一方面,需要满足乘客的移动电话、互联网业务等非安全数据通信需求,并满足"大容量高移动"的传输要求。总结高速飞行列车车地无线通信的需求,分析高速飞行列车车地无线通信的特点,针对高速飞行列车无线宽带接入应用场景,研究新型漏波近场耦合、基于云端的集中式无线接入网络(C-RAN)、免切换移动小区等关键技术,探讨一种有效解决超高速移动无线宽带接入的理论与增强技术体系,从而为高速飞行列车的宽带接入提供理论与技术支撑。
The high-speed vacuum pipeline flying train(high-speed flying train)is a novel rail transit technology.The maglev train can run at ultra-high speed(over 1 000km/h)with low mechanical friction,low air resistance and low noise mode under all-weather conditions in the low-pressure pipeline close to the vacuum.The trainground wireless communication system plays a key role in guaranteeing the safe operation of the high-speed flying train.On the one hand,the security data for the train operation control,traction control and in-transit monitoring arerequired to transmit between the train and ground real time,to meet the transmission requirements of"low latency and high reliability".On the other hand,it is necessary to satisfy the non-security data transmission needs for passengers,such as mobile phone and Internet services,to meet the transmission requirements of"high capacity and high mobility".In this paper,the requirements of the high-speed flying train wireless communication were investigated,and the wireless communication characteristics of high-speed flying train were studied.Based on the wireless broadband access application scenario for the high-speed flying train,the key technologies of novel leaky wave near field coupling,cloud based centralized radio access network(CRAN)and movingcell were studied.A theoretical and enhanced technical solution for the wireless broadband communication for the high-speed flying train was provided,which is informative to the theory of the broadband wireless communication for the high-speed flying train.
The high-speed vacuum pipeline flying train(high-speed flying train)is a novel rail transit technology.The maglev train can run at ultra-high speed(over 1 000km/h)with low mechanical friction,low air resistance and low noise mode under all-weather conditions in the low-pressure pipeline close to the vacuum.The trainground wireless communication system plays a key role in guaranteeing the safe operation of the high-speed flying train.On the one hand,the security data for the train operation control,traction control and in-transit monitoring arerequired to transmit between the train and ground real time,to meet the transmission requirements of"low latency and high reliability".On the other hand,it is necessary to satisfy the non-security data transmission needs for passengers,such as mobile phone and Internet services,to meet the transmission requirements of"high capacity and high mobility".In this paper,the requirements of the high-speed flying train wireless communication were investigated,and the wireless communication characteristics of high-speed flying train were studied.Based on the wireless broadband access application scenario for the high-speed flying train,the key technologies of novel leaky wave near field coupling,cloud based centralized radio access network(CRAN)and movingcell were studied.A theoretical and enhanced technical solution for the wireless broadband communication for the high-speed flying train was provided,which is informative to the theory of the broadband wireless communication for the high-speed flying train.
引文
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[2]Hyperloop Transportation Technologies.Hyperloop Transportation Technologies to Build China’s First HyperloopSystem[EB/OL].[2018-07-19].https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/hyperloop-transportation-technologiesto-build-chinas-first-hyperloop-system-300683640.html.
[3]中国航天科工.时速四千公里的未来高速飞行列车你准备好乘坐了么[EB/OL].[2017-08-30].http://www.casic.com.cn/n103/n133/c4854122/content.html.
[4]沈志云.关于我国发展真空管道高速交通的思考[J].西南交通大学学报,2005,40(2):133-137.SHEN Zhiyun.On Developing High-speed Evacuated Tube Transportation in China[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2005,40(2):133-137.
[5]金茂菁,黄玲.超高速真空管道交通技术发展现状与趋势[J].科技中国,2018(3):13-15.JIN Maojing,HUANG Ling.Development Status and Trend of Ultra High Speed Vacuum Pipeline Transportation Technology[J].Science and Technology China,2018(3):13-15.
[6]刘留,陶成,陈后金,等.高速铁路无线传播信道测量与建模综述[J].通信学报,2014,35(1):115-127.LIU Liu,TAO Cheng,CHEN Houjin,et al.Survey of Wireless Channel Measurement and Characterization for Highspeed Railway Scenarios[J].Journal on Communications,2014,35(1):115-127.
[7]孙溶辰.隧道场景无线自由波信道测量、特性分析和建模研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2018:6-7.
[8]盛雄伟.38GHz无线电系统在磁浮交通中的应用[J].城市轨道交通研究,2014,17(7):103-105,118.SHENG Xiongwei.Application of 38GHz Radio System on Maglev Transportaticn[J].Urban Mass Transit,2014,17(7):103-105,118.
[9]MASSON E,BERBINEAU M.Broadband Wireless Communications for Railway Applications[M].Berlin:Springer International Publishing,2016:2-30.
[10]周民立.上海磁浮线车地无线通信技术特点分析[J].城市轨道交通研究,2010,13(12):26-29.ZHOU Minli.Analysis on Characteristics of Shanghai Maglev Train Radio Communication Technology[J].Urban Mass Transit,2010,13(12):26-29.
[11]方旭明,崔亚平,闫莉,等.高速铁路移动通信系统关键技术的演进与发展[J].电子与信息学报,2015,37(1):226-235.FANG Xuming,CUI Yaping,YAN Li,et al.The Evolution and Developmentl of Key Technologies of Mobile Communication Systems for High-speed Railway[J].Journal of Electronics and Information Technology,2015,37(1):226-235.
[12]刘留.高速移动条件下宽带无线接入关键技术的研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2010:11-12.
[13]李小兵,张庭园,宋涛,等.移动中继通信技术综述[J].电子科技,2014,27(11):185-188.LI Xiaobing,ZHANG Tingyuan,SONG Tao,et al.Mobile Relay Communication Technology:Overview and Prospects[J].Electronic Science and Technology,2014,27(11):185-188.
[14]吴志忠.移动通信无线电波传输[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.
[15]LIU P,LIU L,TAO C,et al.The Study of C-RAN Application on Broadband Wireless Access for High-speed Railway[C]//International Conference on Wireless Communications,Networking and Mobile Computing.Shanghai:IET,2015:226-230.
[16]CHIH-LIN I,HUANG J,DUAN R,et al.Recent Progress on C-RAN Centralization and Cloudification[J].Access IEEE,2014(2):1030-1039.
[17]雷秋燕,张治中,程方,等.基于C-RAN的5G无线接入网架构[J].电信科学,2015,31(1):106-115.LEI Qiuyan,ZHANG Zhizhong,CHENG Fang,et al.5G Radio Access Network Architecture Based on C-RAN[J].Telecommunications Science,2015,31(1):106-115.
[18]唐涛.破冰高铁加速驰骋中兴通讯高铁覆盖解决方案[J].通信世界,2011(36):31-31.TANG Tao.Icebreaking High-speed Rail Accelerate Gallop ZTE’s High Speed Rail Coverage Solution[J].Communication World,2011(36):31-31.
[19]GAVRILOVICH C D J.Broadband Communication on the Highways of Tomorrow[J].Communications Magazine IEEE,2001,39(4):146-154.
[20]NAKAYAMA Y,MARUTA K,TSUTSUMI T,et al.Optically Backhauled Moving Network for Local Trains[C]//ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless.Palo Alto:ACM,2017:31-35.
[21]LANNOO B,COLLE D,PICKAVET M,et al.Radio-overfiber-based Solution to Provide Broadband Internet Access to Train Passengers(Topics in Optical Communications)[J].Communications Magazine IEEE,2007,45(2):56-62.
[22]LEE S,KIM N,YUN H,et al.Optical Switching Based on Position-tracking Algorithm to Realize“Moving Cells”in a RoF Network[C]//International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology.Phoenix Park:ICACT,2008:2170-2173.
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