叶面喷施枯草芽胞杆菌XF-1防治大白菜根肿病
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摘要
为了建立简易、有效的根肿病生防体系,本研究采用浇灌和喷施枯草芽胞杆菌XF-1的绿色荧光蛋白标记菌株XF-1-gfp,测定其在大白菜植株内的定殖能力,并用野生型菌株XF-1发酵液研究其防治根肿病和挽回产量效果。结果表明,叶面喷施XF-1-gfp发酵液后,标记菌在大白菜根、茎、叶等组织内的密度呈现出"先上升后下降最后趋于平稳"的趋势,最终稳定在约10~3 cfu/g组织;盆栽试验结果表明,与空白对照相比,所有处理发病率和病情指数均显著下降,喷施XF-1发酵液后最佳防治效果为56.4%,浇灌化学杀菌剂10%氰霜唑悬浮剂2 000倍液及1×10~7 cfu/mL的XF-1发酵液防效分别为78.6%与70.7%。大田试验结果表明,喷施XF-1发酵液后防治效果达52.6%,与浇灌化学杀菌剂10%氰霜唑悬浮剂(64.6%)及XF-1发酵液(74.0%)相比无显著差异。此外,与空白对照、浇灌10%氰霜唑悬浮剂及XF-1发酵液相比,喷施XF-1发酵液后大白菜单株产量分别增加了74.0%、35.1%及23.6%。试验结果表明叶面喷施XF-1发酵液是一种有效的防控大白菜根肿病及增产增收的方法。
To establish an effective and simple biocontrol management system in the field, the colonization ability of XF-1 was tested in Chinese cabbage by drenching and spraying XF-1-gfp and clubroot control and yield recovery effects were studied by drenching and spraying the wild strain XF-1 in the pot and field experiments. The results showed that its population in root, stem and leaf of cabbage after foliar-spraying had a rising trend first, then decreasing and leveling off, and finally the colonization density kept at 10~3 cfu/g tissues. The incidence rate and disease index had a significant decline compared to the negative control in the pot experiment with 56.4% of control effect by spraying XF-1, 78.6% and 70.7% by drenching 2 000 times dilution of cyazofamid and 1×10~7cfu/mL of XF-1. The disease control effects were 52.6%, 64.6% and 74.0%, respectively, in the field experiment without significant difference. Moreover, spraying XF-1 increased yield by 70.4%, 35.1% and 23.6% compared with the negative control, drenching cyazofamid and XF-1, respectively. This study suggested that foliar-spray of XF-1 might be an effective way for controlling clubroot and increasing Chinese cabbage yield.
To establish an effective and simple biocontrol management system in the field, the colonization ability of XF-1 was tested in Chinese cabbage by drenching and spraying XF-1-gfp and clubroot control and yield recovery effects were studied by drenching and spraying the wild strain XF-1 in the pot and field experiments. The results showed that its population in root, stem and leaf of cabbage after foliar-spraying had a rising trend first, then decreasing and leveling off, and finally the colonization density kept at 10~3 cfu/g tissues. The incidence rate and disease index had a significant decline compared to the negative control in the pot experiment with 56.4% of control effect by spraying XF-1, 78.6% and 70.7% by drenching 2 000 times dilution of cyazofamid and 1×10~7cfu/mL of XF-1. The disease control effects were 52.6%, 64.6% and 74.0%, respectively, in the field experiment without significant difference. Moreover, spraying XF-1 increased yield by 70.4%, 35.1% and 23.6% compared with the negative control, drenching cyazofamid and XF-1, respectively. This study suggested that foliar-spray of XF-1 might be an effective way for controlling clubroot and increasing Chinese cabbage yield.
引文
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[11] LIU C, YANG Z, HE P, et al.Deciphering the bacterial and fungal communities in clubroot-affected cabbage rhizosphere treated with Bacillus subtilis XF-1 [J].Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment,2018,256:12-22.
[12] SHAO J, XU Z, ZHANG N,et al.Contribution of indole-3-acetic acid in the plant growth promotion by the rhizospheric strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 [J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2015,51(3):321-330.
[13] 何鹏飞.B9601-Y2菌株的基因组解析及部分功能验证[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2014.
[14] MCGRANNG R D, YOXALL T, PATERSON L J, et al. Control of light leaf spot and clubroot in brassica crops using defence elicitors[J]. European Journal of Plant Pathology,2017,148(2):447-461.
[15] LI Xingyu, WANG Yuehu,WU Yixin,et al. ESI LC-MS and MS/MS characterization of antifungal cyclic lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilisXF-1 [J].Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology,2012,22:83-93.
[16] LI Xingyu, MAO Zichao, WANG Yuehu, et al. Diversity and active mechanism of fengycin-type cyclopeptides from Bacillus subtilis XF-1 against Plasmodiophora brassicae [J].Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2013, 23(3): 313-321.
[17] 莫定鸣,梁土寿,黄胜,等.微生物菌剂在葡萄生产中的效果研究[J].中国果菜,2017,37(11):20-22.
[2] 王靖,黄云,姚佳,等.两株根肿病生防放线菌的鉴定及其防病效果[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(13):2692-2700.
[3] REN L, JIA J G, LI M, et al. Distribution of rapeseed clubroot disease in Hubei Province and evaluation of yield loss [J].Agricultural Science & Technology-Hunan,2012,13(4):775-777.
[4] 王靖,黄云,李小兰,等.十字花科根肿病研究进展[J].植物保护,2011,37(6):153-158.
[5] WALLENHAMMAR A C. Prevalence of Plasmodiophora brassicae in a spring oilseed rape growing area in central Sweden and factors influencing soil infestation levels [J]. Plant Pathology, 1996, 45(4): 710-719.
[6] 刘勇,黄小琴,柯绍英,等.四川主栽油菜品种根肿病抗性研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2009,31(1):90-93.
[7] 熊国如,张翠英,刘庆丰,等.枯草芽胞杆菌XF-1粗蛋白抑菌活性初步研究[J].植物保护,2009,35(4):92-95.
[8] 熊国如.枯草芽孢杆菌XF-1防治根肿病及其生防特性研究[D].昆明:云南农业大学,2009.
[9] ZHOU L, ZHANG L, HE Y, et al. Isolation and characterization of bacterial isolates for biological control of clubroot on Chinese cabbage[J]. European Journal of Plant Pathology,2014,140(1):159-168.
[10] MCGRANN G R D,GLADDERS P,SMITH J A,et al.Control of clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) in oilseed rape using varietal resistance and soil amendments[J].Field Crops Research,2016,186:146-156.
[11] LIU C, YANG Z, HE P, et al.Deciphering the bacterial and fungal communities in clubroot-affected cabbage rhizosphere treated with Bacillus subtilis XF-1 [J].Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment,2018,256:12-22.
[12] SHAO J, XU Z, ZHANG N,et al.Contribution of indole-3-acetic acid in the plant growth promotion by the rhizospheric strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 [J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2015,51(3):321-330.
[13] 何鹏飞.B9601-Y2菌株的基因组解析及部分功能验证[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2014.
[14] MCGRANNG R D, YOXALL T, PATERSON L J, et al. Control of light leaf spot and clubroot in brassica crops using defence elicitors[J]. European Journal of Plant Pathology,2017,148(2):447-461.
[15] LI Xingyu, WANG Yuehu,WU Yixin,et al. ESI LC-MS and MS/MS characterization of antifungal cyclic lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilisXF-1 [J].Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology,2012,22:83-93.
[16] LI Xingyu, MAO Zichao, WANG Yuehu, et al. Diversity and active mechanism of fengycin-type cyclopeptides from Bacillus subtilis XF-1 against Plasmodiophora brassicae [J].Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2013, 23(3): 313-321.
[17] 莫定鸣,梁土寿,黄胜,等.微生物菌剂在葡萄生产中的效果研究[J].中国果菜,2017,37(11):20-22.
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