基于污染贡献率的石家庄市大气污染特征分析
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摘要
为计算6项大气污染物(PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_2,NO_2,CO和O_3)的污染贡献率,探讨大气污染特征及其变化趋势,以石家庄市2013—2017年的大气质量监测数据为例,基于环境空气质量综合指数,从宏观方面计算了6项污染物在综合指数中的污染贡献率;基于浓度均值,从微观方面计算了单项污染物贡献率的月分布和小时分布。结果表明:2013—2017年,石家庄市对大气污染贡献率最大的仍为颗粒物,NO_2和O_3的贡献率逐年升高,污染特征呈现由"煤烟型"、"混合型"向"复合型"转变的趋势;6项污染物中,PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_2,NO_2和CO的污染贡献率月分布呈"U型"分布,O_3呈"拱型"分布,除O_3外,其余5项污染物贡献率小时变化呈现"晨峰午谷"的周期性变化规律。研究结果可为石家庄市治理大气污染提供科学依据和技术支持。
In order to calculate the pollution contribution rates of six atmospheric pollutants(PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_2,NO_2,CO and O_3),and discuss the characteristics of air pollution and its trends,on the basis of air quality monitoring data from 2013to2017in Shijiazhuang City,the contribution rates of six pollutants are macroscopically calculated based on comprehensive index.The monthly and hourly contribution rates of individual pollutants are microscopically calculated based on the mean concentration.The results show that,from 2013to 2017,the most contribution to atmospheric pollution is still particulate matter,while the contribution rates of NO_2and O_3increase year by year,and the characteristics of air pollution in Shijiazhuang shows a transition from"coal-fired pollution"and"mixed pollution"to"compound pollution";the monthly contribution rates of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_2,NO_2and CO show a"U-shaped"distribution,while that of O_3shows an"arched"distribution.In addition to O_3,hourly contribution rates of the other five pollutants show the periodicity of"morning peak and afternoon valley".The research results can provide scientific basis and technical support for the management of air pollution in Shijiazhuang City.
In order to calculate the pollution contribution rates of six atmospheric pollutants(PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_2,NO_2,CO and O_3),and discuss the characteristics of air pollution and its trends,on the basis of air quality monitoring data from 2013to2017in Shijiazhuang City,the contribution rates of six pollutants are macroscopically calculated based on comprehensive index.The monthly and hourly contribution rates of individual pollutants are microscopically calculated based on the mean concentration.The results show that,from 2013to 2017,the most contribution to atmospheric pollution is still particulate matter,while the contribution rates of NO_2and O_3increase year by year,and the characteristics of air pollution in Shijiazhuang shows a transition from"coal-fired pollution"and"mixed pollution"to"compound pollution";the monthly contribution rates of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_2,NO_2and CO show a"U-shaped"distribution,while that of O_3shows an"arched"distribution.In addition to O_3,hourly contribution rates of the other five pollutants show the periodicity of"morning peak and afternoon valley".The research results can provide scientific basis and technical support for the management of air pollution in Shijiazhuang City.
引文
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[11]司瑶冰,刘克利,张静茹.城市发展和气象条件对大气污染的贡献率[J].内蒙古气象,2016(3):36-38.SI Yaobing,LIU Keli,ZHANG Jingru.Contribution of urban development and meteorological conditions to air pollution[J].Meteorology Journal of Inner Mongolia,2016(3):36-38.
[12]环办[2014]64号,城市环境空气质量排名技术规定[S].
[13]李秋芳,任振科.石家庄市区PM2.5时空分布特征[J].河北工业科技,2017,34(1):64-70.LI Qiufang,REN Zhenke.Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of PM2.5in Shijiazhuang urban areas[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2017,34(1):64-70.
[14]王玮,李腾飞,李玉洁,等.石家庄市3月份非典型大气污染过程分析[J].河北工业科技,2018,35(2):145-152.WANG Wei,LI Tengfei,LI Yujie,et al.Analysis of atypical air pollution process of Shijiazhuang City in March[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2018,35(2):145-152.
[15]娄拴柱,刘乙淼,任春雷,等.基于卫星遥感及SPAMS的石家庄市2017年秋冬季首次污染过程研究[J].河北工业科技,2018,35(5):354-362.LOU Shuanzhu,LIU Yimiao,REN Chunlei,et al.Study on the first pollution process in autumn-winter of 2017 in Shijiazhuang City based on satellite remote sensing and SPAMS[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2018,35(5):354-362.
[2]李名升,任晓霞,于洋,等.中国大陆城市PM2.5污染时空分布规律[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(3):641-650.LI Mingsheng,REN Xiaoxia,YU Yang,et al.Spatiotemporal pattern of ground-level fine particulate matter(PM2.5)pollution in mainland China[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(3):641-650.
[3]赵晨曦,王云琦,王玉杰,等.北京地区冬春PM2.5和PM10污染水平时空分布及其与气象条件的关系[J].环境科学,2014,35(2):418-427.ZHAO Chenxi, WANG Yunqi, WANG Yujie, et al.Temporal and spatial distribution of PM2.5and PM10pollution status and the correlation of particulate matters and meteorological factors during winterand spring in Beijing[J].Environmental Science,2014,35(2):418-427.
[4]李名升,张建辉,张殷俊,等.近10年中国大气PM10污染时空格局演变[J].地理学报,2013,68(11):1504-1512.LI Mingsheng,ZHANG Jianhui,ZHANG Yinjun,et al.Spatio-temporal pattern changes of ambient air PM10pollution in China from 2002to 2012[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2013,68(11):1504-1512.
[5]程念亮,张大伟,李云婷,等.2000—2014年北京市SO2时空分布及一次污染过程分析[J].环境科学,2015,36(11):3961-3971.CHENG Nianliang,ZHANG Dawei,LI Yunting,et al.Analysis about spatial and temporal distribution of SO2 and an ambient SO2 pollution rocess in Beijing during 2000—2014[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(11):3961-3971.
[6]李名升,任晓霞,周磊,等.中国大气SO2污染与排放的空间分离分析[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(4):1150-1157.LI Mingsheng,REN Xiaoxia,ZHOU Lei,et al.Spatial mismatch between SO2pollution and SO2emission in China[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2013,33(4):1150-1157.
[7]郑晓霞,李令军,赵文吉,等.京津冀地区大气NO2污染特征研究[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(12):1938-1945.ZHENG Xiaoxia.LI Lingjun,ZHAO Wenji,et al.Spatial and temporal characteristics of atmospheric NO2in the BeijingTianjin-Hebei region[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2014,23(12):1938-1945.
[8]王涛,何浩奇,夏忠欢,等.2015年南京市SO2、NO2、CO和O3的污染特征分析[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(7):4155-4161.WANG Tao,HE Haoqi,XIA Zhonghuan,et al.Pollution characteristics of SO2,NO2,CO and O3in Nanjing in 2015[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(7):4155-4161.
[9]严仁嫦,叶辉,林旭,等.杭州市臭氧污染特征及影响因素分析[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(3):1128-1136.YAN Renchang,YE Hui,LIN Xu,et al.Characteristics and influence factors of ozone pollution in Hangzhou[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2018,38(3):1128-1136.
[10]王占山,李云婷,陈添,等.北京市臭氧的时空分布特征[J].环境科学,2014,35(12):4446-4453.WANG Zhanshan,LI Yunting,CHEN Tian,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of ozone in Beijing[J].Environmental Science,2014,35(12):4446-4453.
[11]司瑶冰,刘克利,张静茹.城市发展和气象条件对大气污染的贡献率[J].内蒙古气象,2016(3):36-38.SI Yaobing,LIU Keli,ZHANG Jingru.Contribution of urban development and meteorological conditions to air pollution[J].Meteorology Journal of Inner Mongolia,2016(3):36-38.
[12]环办[2014]64号,城市环境空气质量排名技术规定[S].
[13]李秋芳,任振科.石家庄市区PM2.5时空分布特征[J].河北工业科技,2017,34(1):64-70.LI Qiufang,REN Zhenke.Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of PM2.5in Shijiazhuang urban areas[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2017,34(1):64-70.
[14]王玮,李腾飞,李玉洁,等.石家庄市3月份非典型大气污染过程分析[J].河北工业科技,2018,35(2):145-152.WANG Wei,LI Tengfei,LI Yujie,et al.Analysis of atypical air pollution process of Shijiazhuang City in March[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2018,35(2):145-152.
[15]娄拴柱,刘乙淼,任春雷,等.基于卫星遥感及SPAMS的石家庄市2017年秋冬季首次污染过程研究[J].河北工业科技,2018,35(5):354-362.LOU Shuanzhu,LIU Yimiao,REN Chunlei,et al.Study on the first pollution process in autumn-winter of 2017 in Shijiazhuang City based on satellite remote sensing and SPAMS[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2018,35(5):354-362.
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