消毒剂Neopredisan135-1对大熊猫西氏贝蛔虫卵的体外杀灭效果观察
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摘要
西氏贝蛔虫是危害圈养大熊猫的主要寄生虫,西氏贝蛔虫卵是圈养大熊猫重复感染该蛔虫的来源,虫卵在外界环境中有着极强的生存能力。测定了消毒剂Neopredisan135-1对西氏贝蛔虫卵的体外杀灭效果,为圈养大熊猫西氏贝蛔虫的防控提供参考。将分离自大熊猫新鲜粪样中的西氏贝蛔虫卵通过消毒剂Neopredisan135-1不同浓度(2.5、5、10、20、40mg/mL)与不同作用时间(30、60、90、120min)处理后,将处理后的蛔虫卵和未用消毒剂处理的平行对照组一并置于25mg/mL的重铬酸钾溶液28℃温箱内,培养后在显微镜下观察虫卵的发育与死亡情况。结果发现,2.5mg/mL浓度组处理虫卵30、60、90min,其虫卵杀灭率均在50%左右;5mg/mL浓度组处理虫卵30min和60min,其虫卵杀灭率在74.71%～87.64%;而在10、20、40mg/mL浓度下处理30min其杀灭率均达到90%以上,10、20、40mg/mL的Neopredisan135-1对西氏贝蛔虫卵均具有较强的杀灭作用。考虑到成本、杀灭效果以及环境等因素,消毒剂Neopredisan135-1的推荐使用浓度为20mg/mL。
Baylisascaris schroederi is one of the most harmful parasites in the giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca).Eggs of B.schroederi play a key role in leading to a high prevalence of the parasite among captive giant pandas due to its strong viability in the environment.In this study,the killing effect of the disinfectant Neopredisan135-1was evaluated in vitro to provide a reference for the prevention and control of B.schroederi in captive giant pandas.Eggs of B.schroederi were isolated from the fresh feces of giant pandas,then treated with different concentrations of Neopredisan135-1(0,2.5,5.0,10,20 and 40mg/mL)along with different time(30,60,90 min and 120min).The eggs in control and treatment groups were cultured with 2.5mg/mL potassium dichromate solution at 28℃,respectively.After culture,the development and mortality of eggs were observed under a microscope and recorded.The results showed that the killing rates of eggs were around 50%after treating with 2.5mg/mL Neopredisan135-1for 30 min,60min or 90 min,while the killing rates were 74.71%-87.64% after treating with 5mg/mL Neopredisan135-1for 30 min and 60 min.It was noteworthy that 10,20 and 40mg/mL Neopredisan135-1could casue more than 90%killing efficiency.Our findings demonstrated that 10,20 and 40mg/mL Neopredisan135-1have strong killing effect on Baylisascaris schroederis eggs in vitro.Considering cost,killing effect and environmental factors,we recommended concentration of disinfectant Neopredisan 135-1is 20mg/mL.
Baylisascaris schroederi is one of the most harmful parasites in the giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca).Eggs of B.schroederi play a key role in leading to a high prevalence of the parasite among captive giant pandas due to its strong viability in the environment.In this study,the killing effect of the disinfectant Neopredisan135-1was evaluated in vitro to provide a reference for the prevention and control of B.schroederi in captive giant pandas.Eggs of B.schroederi were isolated from the fresh feces of giant pandas,then treated with different concentrations of Neopredisan135-1(0,2.5,5.0,10,20 and 40mg/mL)along with different time(30,60,90 min and 120min).The eggs in control and treatment groups were cultured with 2.5mg/mL potassium dichromate solution at 28℃,respectively.After culture,the development and mortality of eggs were observed under a microscope and recorded.The results showed that the killing rates of eggs were around 50%after treating with 2.5mg/mL Neopredisan135-1for 30 min,60min or 90 min,while the killing rates were 74.71%-87.64% after treating with 5mg/mL Neopredisan135-1for 30 min and 60 min.It was noteworthy that 10,20 and 40mg/mL Neopredisan135-1could casue more than 90%killing efficiency.Our findings demonstrated that 10,20 and 40mg/mL Neopredisan135-1have strong killing effect on Baylisascaris schroederis eggs in vitro.Considering cost,killing effect and environmental factors,we recommended concentration of disinfectant Neopredisan 135-1is 20mg/mL.
引文
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[23]袁森泉.清洁不能彻底解决蛔虫问题[J].国外畜牧学:猪与禽,1997(6):57.
[24]唐得淋,王先坤,韦冬妹,等.四种消毒药对犬蛔虫卵的杀灭作用试验[J].湖南畜牧兽医,2016(1):40-43.
[25]吴钦华,胡银安,许洪波,等.钩蚴及蛔虫卵对三种药物的敏感性实验观察[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2002,13(6):58.
[26] Daugschies A,B5se R,Marx J,et al.Development and application of a standardized assay for chemical disinfection of coccidia oocysts[J].Vet Parasitol,2002,103(4):299-308.
[27] Joachim A,Eckert E,Petry F,et al.Comparison of viability assays for Cryptosporidium parvumoocysts after disinfection[J].Vet Parasitol,2003.111(1):47-57.
[28] Straberg E,Daugschies A.Control of piglet coccidiosis by chemical disinfection with a cresol-based product(neopredisan135-1)[J].Parasitol Res,2007,101(3):599-604.
[29] Mielke D,Hiepe T.The effectiveness of different disinfectants based on pchloromcresol against ascaris suum eggs under laboratory conditions[J].Berliner Und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift,1998,111(7-8):291.
[30]赵勇,郭士明.影响化学消毒剂作用的因素[J].动物科学与动物医学,2000,17(5):75-76.
[31]邬捷,姜永康,吴国群,等.熊猫蛔虫虫卵发育期的观察[J].中国兽医科学,1985(10):9-11.
[32]邬捷,姜永康,何高志,等.熊猫蛔虫生活史的研究[J].中国兽医科学,1985(6):21-23.
[2]刘倩玮.全球圈养大熊猫种群数量471只[J].绿色中国,2016(23):7.
[3]冯文和,胡铁卿,毕凤洲.大熊猫濒危原因剖析[J].动物世界,1985.2(1):1-7.
[4]邬捷,胡洪光.大熊猫蛔虫病[J].野生动物学报,1985(5):42-43.
[5]张华声,张再历.危及大熊猫生存的蛔虫病[J].野生动物学报,1988(2):23-24.
[6]杨光友.大熊猫寄生虫与寄生虫病研究进展[J].中国兽医学报,1998,18(2):206-208.
[7] Zhang J S,Daszak P,Huang H L,et al.Parasite threat to panda conservation[J].Ecohealth,2008,5(1):6-9.
[8]李德生,何燕,吴虹林,等.圈养大熊猫蠕虫病感染情况调查[J].经济动物学报,2014.18(4):214-216.
[9]杨光友,张志和.野生动物寄生虫病学[M].北京:科学出版社,2013
[10]张华,张再历.大熊猫蛔虫病的诊治[J].甘肃畜牧兽医,2002,32(6):25-26.
[11] Sloss M W,Kemp R L.Veterinary clinical parasitology[M].Iowa US:Iowa State University Press,1978:310.
[12] Mielke D,Hiepe T.The effectiveness of different disinfectants based on pchloromcresol against Ascaris suum eggs under laboratory conditions[J].Berliner Und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochensch,1998,111(7-8):291.
[13]周炳福,李风玲,梁君谋.美蓝、伊红、硼砂染色法鉴别蛔虫卵死活的实验观察[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,1985,3(1):48-49.
[14]胡涛,李芬,谢汝婷,等.3种消毒药对猪蛔虫卵的杀灭作用试验[J].中国兽医杂志,2013,49(11),32-35.
[15]范红艳.化学消毒剂[J].化学教育,2015,36(20):1-5.
[16]王尚,王华然,王福玉,等.含氯消毒剂灭活水中微小隐孢子虫卵囊的效果评价[J].中国消毒学杂志,2010,27(4):411-414.
[17]陈兆国,史天卫.消毒剂对贝氏隐孢子虫卵囊活力影响的初步研究[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯,1994(6):2.
[18]陈汉忠,王忠田,苏勇,等.消毒剂抑杀鸡球虫卵囊的初步试验[J].中国兽药杂志,2005,39(10):37-39.
[19]郭媛华,白音巴图,刘珍莲.农牧宝(SM多能强力消毒液)杀灭马肠道线虫虫卵效力试验[J].兽医导刊,1986(4):14-18.
[20]何竞智,丁步兰,郭润秀,等.新洁尔灭溶液对蛲虫卵杀灭作用的实验研究[J].广州医学院学报,1985(4):15.
[21] Ondra2ovi8M,Juri2P,PapajováI,et al.Lethal effect of selected disinfectants on Ascaris suum eggs[J].Helminthologia,2002,39(4):205-209.
[22]胡涛,李芬,谢汝婷,等.3种消毒药对猪蛔虫卵的杀灭作用试验[J].中国兽医杂志,2013,49(11),32-35.
[23]袁森泉.清洁不能彻底解决蛔虫问题[J].国外畜牧学:猪与禽,1997(6):57.
[24]唐得淋,王先坤,韦冬妹,等.四种消毒药对犬蛔虫卵的杀灭作用试验[J].湖南畜牧兽医,2016(1):40-43.
[25]吴钦华,胡银安,许洪波,等.钩蚴及蛔虫卵对三种药物的敏感性实验观察[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2002,13(6):58.
[26] Daugschies A,B5se R,Marx J,et al.Development and application of a standardized assay for chemical disinfection of coccidia oocysts[J].Vet Parasitol,2002,103(4):299-308.
[27] Joachim A,Eckert E,Petry F,et al.Comparison of viability assays for Cryptosporidium parvumoocysts after disinfection[J].Vet Parasitol,2003.111(1):47-57.
[28] Straberg E,Daugschies A.Control of piglet coccidiosis by chemical disinfection with a cresol-based product(neopredisan135-1)[J].Parasitol Res,2007,101(3):599-604.
[29] Mielke D,Hiepe T.The effectiveness of different disinfectants based on pchloromcresol against ascaris suum eggs under laboratory conditions[J].Berliner Und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift,1998,111(7-8):291.
[30]赵勇,郭士明.影响化学消毒剂作用的因素[J].动物科学与动物医学,2000,17(5):75-76.
[31]邬捷,姜永康,吴国群,等.熊猫蛔虫虫卵发育期的观察[J].中国兽医科学,1985(10):9-11.
[32]邬捷,姜永康,何高志,等.熊猫蛔虫生活史的研究[J].中国兽医科学,1985(6):21-23.
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