成人出血型烟雾病磁共振成像的研究进展
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摘要
数字减影血管造影(digital subtraction angiography,DSA)是烟雾病诊断的金标准,但其是一种有创检查且费用高,不适合筛选及复查的患者;CT血管造影(CT angiography,CTA)是烟雾病诊断的重要方法,但患者会受到一定X线辐射剂量及对比剂的伤害;超声对于烟雾病颅内血管的诊断意义不大。近年来,随着磁共振技术的发展及成熟,其形态学成像方法可显示脑实质及异常血管的病变,其功能学成像方法可监测脑血流动力学的改变,诊断优势在于多对比度、多模态、无创及无辐射。本文通过综述磁共振成像技术对出血型烟雾病诊断及评估的研究现状,为临床医生在烟雾病的诊断及治疗上提供重要的参考价值。
Cerebral angiography is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of moyamoya disease(MMD), however, it isn't suitable for patients that is necessary for screen and follow up because of an invasive and expensive way. CT angiography(CTA) is considered essential for the diagnosis, but it is harmful for the body. Ultrasound is less meaning for the exam of MMD. With the advanced development of magnetic resonance imaging, the way of morphological examination is helpful for localizing ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions in the brain parenchyma and identifying stenotic lesions in the ends of the carotid artery. And the functional method is indispensable for evaluating cerebral hemodynamics of the patients with MMD. Moreover, MRI is a multi-contrast and multi-modality method to diagnose MMD, it's also a non-invasive and safe way. Here, we review the progress of MRI in terms of diagnosis and assessment in adult patients with hemorrhage MMD in order to provide a significant clinical reference for diagnosis and operation.
Cerebral angiography is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of moyamoya disease(MMD), however, it isn't suitable for patients that is necessary for screen and follow up because of an invasive and expensive way. CT angiography(CTA) is considered essential for the diagnosis, but it is harmful for the body. Ultrasound is less meaning for the exam of MMD. With the advanced development of magnetic resonance imaging, the way of morphological examination is helpful for localizing ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions in the brain parenchyma and identifying stenotic lesions in the ends of the carotid artery. And the functional method is indispensable for evaluating cerebral hemodynamics of the patients with MMD. Moreover, MRI is a multi-contrast and multi-modality method to diagnose MMD, it's also a non-invasive and safe way. Here, we review the progress of MRI in terms of diagnosis and assessment in adult patients with hemorrhage MMD in order to provide a significant clinical reference for diagnosis and operation.
引文
[1]Suzuki J,Takaku A.Cerebrovascular"moyamoya"disease.Disease showing abnormal net-like vessels in base of brain.Arch Neurol,1969,20(3):288-299.
[2]Baba T,Houkin K,Kuroda S.Novel epidemiological features of moyamoya disease.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2008,79(8):900-904.
[3]Liu X,Zhang D,Shuo W,et al.Long term outcome after conservative and surgical treatment of haemorrhagic moyamoya disease.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2013,84(3):258-265.
[4]Funaki T,Takahashi JC,Yoshida K,et al.Periventricular anastomosis in moyamoya disease:detecting fragile collateral vessels with MRangiography.J Neurosurg,2016,124(6):1766-1772.
[5]Morioka M,Hamada J,Kawano T,et al.Angiographic dilatation and branch extension of the anterior choroidal and posterior communicating arteries are predictors of hemorrhage in adult moyamoya patients.Stroke,2003,34(1):90-95.
[6]Liu P,Liu AH,Han C,et al.Difference in angiographic characteristics between hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic hemispheres associated with hemorrhage risk of moyamoya disease in adults:a self-controlled study.World Neurosurg,2016,95:348-356.
[7]Osanai T,Kuroda S,Nakayama N,et al.Moyamoya disease presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage localized over the frontal cortex:case report.Surg Neurol,2008,69(2):197-200.
[8]Kuroda S,Houkin K.Moyamoya disease:current concepts and future perspectives.Lancet Neurol,2008,7(11):1056-1066.
[9]Mikami T,Sugino T,Ohtaki S,et al.Diagnosis of moyamoya disease on magnetic resonance imaging:are flow voids in the basal ganglia an essential criterion for definitive diagnosis?J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2013,22(6):862-868.
[10]Qin Y,Ogawa T,Fujii S,et al.High incidence of asymptomatic cerebral microbleeds in patients with hemorrhagic onset-type moyamoya disease:a phase-sensitive MRI study and meta-analysis.Acta Radiol,2015,56(3):329-338.
[11]Kuroda S,Kashiwazaki D,Ishikawa T,et al.Incidence,locations,and longitudinal course of silent microbleeds in moyamoya disease:a prospective T2*-weighted MRI study.Stroke,2013,44(2):516-518.
[12]Kazumata K,Shinbo D,Ito M,et al.Spatial relationship between cerebral microbleeds,moyamoya vessels,and hematoma in moyamoya disease.J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2014,23(6):1421-1428.
[13]Chen W,Zhu W,Kovanlikaya I,et al.Intracranial calcifications and hemorrhages:characterization with quantitative susceptibility mapping.Radiology,2014,270(2):496-505.
[14]Liu C,Li W,Tong KA,et al.Susceptibility-weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping in the brain.J Magn Reson Imaging,2015,42(1):23-41.
[15]Fukui M.Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis('moyamoya'disease).Research Committee on Spontaneous Occlusion of the Circle of Willis(Moyamoya Disease)of the Ministry of Health and Welfare,Japan.Clin Neurol Neurosurg,1997,99(Suppl 2):S238-240.
[16]Research Committee on the Pathology and Treatment of Spontaneous Occlusion of the Circle of Willis;Health Labour Sciences Research Grant for Research on Measures for Infractable Diseases..Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of moyamoya disease(spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis).Neurol Med Chir(Tokyo),2012,52(5):245-266.
[17]Funaki T,Fushimi Y,Takahashi JC,et al.Visualization of periventricular collaterals in moyamoya disease with flow-sensitive black-blood magnetic resonance angiography:preliminary experience.Neurol Med Chir(Tokyo),2015,55(3):204-209.
[18]Dengler NF,Madai VI,Wuerfel J,et al.Moyamoya Vessel Pathology Imaged by Ultra-High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7.0 T.JStroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2016,25(6):1544-1551.
[19]He Y,Zhou Q,He M.An asymptomatic Moyamoya disease:autopsy case and literature review.Am J Forensic Med Pathol,2010,31(1):77-79.
[20]Yamashita M,Oka K,Tanaka K.Histopathology of the brain vascular network in moyamoya disease.Stroke,1983,14(1):50-58.
[21]Matsushige T,Kraemer M,Schlamann M,et al.Ventricular microaneurysms in moyamoya angiopathy visualized with 7 T MRangiography.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,2016,37(9):1669-1672.
[22]Togao O,Hiwatashi A,Obara M,et al.Acceleration-selective arterial spin-labeling MR angiography used to visualize distal cerebral arteries and collateral vessels in moyamoya disease.Radiology,2018,286(2):611-621.
[23]Yang SH,Li B,Wang CC,et al.Angiographic study of moyamoya disease and histological study in the external carotid artery system.Clin Neurol Neurosurg,1997,99(Suppl 2):S61-63.
[24]Yasaka M,Ogata T,Yasumori K,et al.Bottle neck sign of the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery in moyamoya disease.AJNR Am JNeuroradiol,2006,25(12):1547-1552,quiz 1553-1544.
[25]Wang J,Chen G,Yang Y,et al.Association between champagne bottle neck sign of internal carotid artery and ipsilateral hemorrhagic stroke in patients with moyamoya disease.World Neurosurg,2018,118:e18-e24.
[26]Mandell DM,Mossa-Basha M.Intracranial vessel wall MRI:principles and expert consensus recommendations of the american society of neuroradiology.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,2017,38(2):218-229.
[27]Mossa-Basha M,De Havenon A,Becker KJ,et al.Added value of vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging in the differentiation of moyamoya vasculopathies in a non-asian cohort.Stroke,2016,47(7):1782-1788.
[28]Yuan M,Liu ZQ,Wang ZQ,et al.High-resolution MR imaging of the arterial wall in moyamoya disease.Neurosci Lett,2015,584:77-82.
[29]Muraoka S,Araki Y,Taoka T,et al.Prediction of intracranial arterial stenosis progression in patients with moyamoya vasculopathy:contrastenhanced high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging.World Neurosurg,2018,116:e1114-e1121.
[30]Hirai S,Inaji M,Tanaka Y,et al.Correlation between clinical presentations and hemodynamic parameters measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging in adult patients with moyamoya disease.J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2017,26(12):2814-2820.
[31]Khan N,Schuknecht B,Boltshauser E,et al.Moyamoya disease and moyamoya syndrome:experience in Europe,choice of revascularisation procedures.Acta Neurochir(Wien),2003,145(12):1061-1071.
[32]Hara S,Tanaka Y.Noninvasive evaluation of CBF and perfusion delay of moyamoya disease using arterial spin-labeling MRI with multiple postlabeling delays:comparison with(15)O-gas PET and DSC-MRI.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,2017,38(4):696-702.
[33]Dai DW,Zhao WY,Zhang YW,et al.Role of CT perfusion imaging in evaluating the effects of multiple burr hole surgery on adult ischemic Moyamoya disease.Neuroradiology,2013,55(12):1431-1438.
[34]Ishii Y,Tanaka Y,Momose T,et al.Chronologic evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics by dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging after indirect bypass surgery for moyamoya disease.World Neurosurg,2017,108:427-435.
[35]Ren Y,Yao ZW,Xu B,et al.Preliminary Applications of 3D-pCASLand DCE-MRI in evaluating collateral circulaton and cerebralvascular permeability in moyamoya disease.J Clin Radiol,2016,1(35):18-23.任彦,姚振威,徐斌,等.3D-pCASL和DCE-MRI定量评价烟雾病侧支循环和血管通透性的初步应用.临床放射学杂志,2016,1(35):18-23.
[36]Wong EC.An introduction to ASL labeling techniques.J Magn Reson Imaging,2014,40(1):1-10.
[37]Qiao PG,Han C,Zuo ZW,et al.Clinical assessment of cerebral hemodynamics in moyamoya disease via multiple inversion time arterial spin labeling and dynamic susceptibility contrast-magnetic resonance imaging:a comparative study.J Neuroradiol,2017,44(4):273-280.
[38]Lee S,Yun TJ.Monitoring cerebral perfusion changes after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease by using arterial spin-labeling MR imaging.Radiology,2018,288(2):565-572.
[39]Yun TJ,Paeng JC,Sohn CH,et al.Monitoring cerebrovascular reactivity through the use of arterial spin labeling in patients with moyamoya disease.Radiology,2016,278(1):205-213.
[40]Heyn C,Poublanc J,Crawley A,et al.Quantification of cerebrovascular reactivity by blood oxygen level-dependent MR imaging and correlation with conventional angiography in patients with Moyamoya disease.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,2010,31(5):862-867.
[41]Sam K,Poublanc J,Sobczyk O,et al.Assessing the effect of unilateral cerebral revascularisation on the vascular reactivity of the nonintervened hemisphere:a retrospective observational study.BMJ Open,2015,5(2):e006014.
[42]Qiao PG,Han C,Qian T,et al.BOLD-fMRI with median nerve electrical stimulation predict hemodynamic improvement after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease.2017,46(4):1159-1166.
[43]Kazumata K,Tha KK,Uchino H,et al.Mapping altered brain connectivity and its clinical associations in adult moyamoya disease:a resting-state functional MRI study.PLoS One,2017,12(8):e0182759.
[2]Baba T,Houkin K,Kuroda S.Novel epidemiological features of moyamoya disease.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2008,79(8):900-904.
[3]Liu X,Zhang D,Shuo W,et al.Long term outcome after conservative and surgical treatment of haemorrhagic moyamoya disease.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2013,84(3):258-265.
[4]Funaki T,Takahashi JC,Yoshida K,et al.Periventricular anastomosis in moyamoya disease:detecting fragile collateral vessels with MRangiography.J Neurosurg,2016,124(6):1766-1772.
[5]Morioka M,Hamada J,Kawano T,et al.Angiographic dilatation and branch extension of the anterior choroidal and posterior communicating arteries are predictors of hemorrhage in adult moyamoya patients.Stroke,2003,34(1):90-95.
[6]Liu P,Liu AH,Han C,et al.Difference in angiographic characteristics between hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic hemispheres associated with hemorrhage risk of moyamoya disease in adults:a self-controlled study.World Neurosurg,2016,95:348-356.
[7]Osanai T,Kuroda S,Nakayama N,et al.Moyamoya disease presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage localized over the frontal cortex:case report.Surg Neurol,2008,69(2):197-200.
[8]Kuroda S,Houkin K.Moyamoya disease:current concepts and future perspectives.Lancet Neurol,2008,7(11):1056-1066.
[9]Mikami T,Sugino T,Ohtaki S,et al.Diagnosis of moyamoya disease on magnetic resonance imaging:are flow voids in the basal ganglia an essential criterion for definitive diagnosis?J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2013,22(6):862-868.
[10]Qin Y,Ogawa T,Fujii S,et al.High incidence of asymptomatic cerebral microbleeds in patients with hemorrhagic onset-type moyamoya disease:a phase-sensitive MRI study and meta-analysis.Acta Radiol,2015,56(3):329-338.
[11]Kuroda S,Kashiwazaki D,Ishikawa T,et al.Incidence,locations,and longitudinal course of silent microbleeds in moyamoya disease:a prospective T2*-weighted MRI study.Stroke,2013,44(2):516-518.
[12]Kazumata K,Shinbo D,Ito M,et al.Spatial relationship between cerebral microbleeds,moyamoya vessels,and hematoma in moyamoya disease.J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2014,23(6):1421-1428.
[13]Chen W,Zhu W,Kovanlikaya I,et al.Intracranial calcifications and hemorrhages:characterization with quantitative susceptibility mapping.Radiology,2014,270(2):496-505.
[14]Liu C,Li W,Tong KA,et al.Susceptibility-weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping in the brain.J Magn Reson Imaging,2015,42(1):23-41.
[15]Fukui M.Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis('moyamoya'disease).Research Committee on Spontaneous Occlusion of the Circle of Willis(Moyamoya Disease)of the Ministry of Health and Welfare,Japan.Clin Neurol Neurosurg,1997,99(Suppl 2):S238-240.
[16]Research Committee on the Pathology and Treatment of Spontaneous Occlusion of the Circle of Willis;Health Labour Sciences Research Grant for Research on Measures for Infractable Diseases..Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of moyamoya disease(spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis).Neurol Med Chir(Tokyo),2012,52(5):245-266.
[17]Funaki T,Fushimi Y,Takahashi JC,et al.Visualization of periventricular collaterals in moyamoya disease with flow-sensitive black-blood magnetic resonance angiography:preliminary experience.Neurol Med Chir(Tokyo),2015,55(3):204-209.
[18]Dengler NF,Madai VI,Wuerfel J,et al.Moyamoya Vessel Pathology Imaged by Ultra-High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7.0 T.JStroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2016,25(6):1544-1551.
[19]He Y,Zhou Q,He M.An asymptomatic Moyamoya disease:autopsy case and literature review.Am J Forensic Med Pathol,2010,31(1):77-79.
[20]Yamashita M,Oka K,Tanaka K.Histopathology of the brain vascular network in moyamoya disease.Stroke,1983,14(1):50-58.
[21]Matsushige T,Kraemer M,Schlamann M,et al.Ventricular microaneurysms in moyamoya angiopathy visualized with 7 T MRangiography.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,2016,37(9):1669-1672.
[22]Togao O,Hiwatashi A,Obara M,et al.Acceleration-selective arterial spin-labeling MR angiography used to visualize distal cerebral arteries and collateral vessels in moyamoya disease.Radiology,2018,286(2):611-621.
[23]Yang SH,Li B,Wang CC,et al.Angiographic study of moyamoya disease and histological study in the external carotid artery system.Clin Neurol Neurosurg,1997,99(Suppl 2):S61-63.
[24]Yasaka M,Ogata T,Yasumori K,et al.Bottle neck sign of the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery in moyamoya disease.AJNR Am JNeuroradiol,2006,25(12):1547-1552,quiz 1553-1544.
[25]Wang J,Chen G,Yang Y,et al.Association between champagne bottle neck sign of internal carotid artery and ipsilateral hemorrhagic stroke in patients with moyamoya disease.World Neurosurg,2018,118:e18-e24.
[26]Mandell DM,Mossa-Basha M.Intracranial vessel wall MRI:principles and expert consensus recommendations of the american society of neuroradiology.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,2017,38(2):218-229.
[27]Mossa-Basha M,De Havenon A,Becker KJ,et al.Added value of vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging in the differentiation of moyamoya vasculopathies in a non-asian cohort.Stroke,2016,47(7):1782-1788.
[28]Yuan M,Liu ZQ,Wang ZQ,et al.High-resolution MR imaging of the arterial wall in moyamoya disease.Neurosci Lett,2015,584:77-82.
[29]Muraoka S,Araki Y,Taoka T,et al.Prediction of intracranial arterial stenosis progression in patients with moyamoya vasculopathy:contrastenhanced high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging.World Neurosurg,2018,116:e1114-e1121.
[30]Hirai S,Inaji M,Tanaka Y,et al.Correlation between clinical presentations and hemodynamic parameters measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging in adult patients with moyamoya disease.J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2017,26(12):2814-2820.
[31]Khan N,Schuknecht B,Boltshauser E,et al.Moyamoya disease and moyamoya syndrome:experience in Europe,choice of revascularisation procedures.Acta Neurochir(Wien),2003,145(12):1061-1071.
[32]Hara S,Tanaka Y.Noninvasive evaluation of CBF and perfusion delay of moyamoya disease using arterial spin-labeling MRI with multiple postlabeling delays:comparison with(15)O-gas PET and DSC-MRI.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,2017,38(4):696-702.
[33]Dai DW,Zhao WY,Zhang YW,et al.Role of CT perfusion imaging in evaluating the effects of multiple burr hole surgery on adult ischemic Moyamoya disease.Neuroradiology,2013,55(12):1431-1438.
[34]Ishii Y,Tanaka Y,Momose T,et al.Chronologic evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics by dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging after indirect bypass surgery for moyamoya disease.World Neurosurg,2017,108:427-435.
[35]Ren Y,Yao ZW,Xu B,et al.Preliminary Applications of 3D-pCASLand DCE-MRI in evaluating collateral circulaton and cerebralvascular permeability in moyamoya disease.J Clin Radiol,2016,1(35):18-23.任彦,姚振威,徐斌,等.3D-pCASL和DCE-MRI定量评价烟雾病侧支循环和血管通透性的初步应用.临床放射学杂志,2016,1(35):18-23.
[36]Wong EC.An introduction to ASL labeling techniques.J Magn Reson Imaging,2014,40(1):1-10.
[37]Qiao PG,Han C,Zuo ZW,et al.Clinical assessment of cerebral hemodynamics in moyamoya disease via multiple inversion time arterial spin labeling and dynamic susceptibility contrast-magnetic resonance imaging:a comparative study.J Neuroradiol,2017,44(4):273-280.
[38]Lee S,Yun TJ.Monitoring cerebral perfusion changes after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease by using arterial spin-labeling MR imaging.Radiology,2018,288(2):565-572.
[39]Yun TJ,Paeng JC,Sohn CH,et al.Monitoring cerebrovascular reactivity through the use of arterial spin labeling in patients with moyamoya disease.Radiology,2016,278(1):205-213.
[40]Heyn C,Poublanc J,Crawley A,et al.Quantification of cerebrovascular reactivity by blood oxygen level-dependent MR imaging and correlation with conventional angiography in patients with Moyamoya disease.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,2010,31(5):862-867.
[41]Sam K,Poublanc J,Sobczyk O,et al.Assessing the effect of unilateral cerebral revascularisation on the vascular reactivity of the nonintervened hemisphere:a retrospective observational study.BMJ Open,2015,5(2):e006014.
[42]Qiao PG,Han C,Qian T,et al.BOLD-fMRI with median nerve electrical stimulation predict hemodynamic improvement after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease.2017,46(4):1159-1166.
[43]Kazumata K,Tha KK,Uchino H,et al.Mapping altered brain connectivity and its clinical associations in adult moyamoya disease:a resting-state functional MRI study.PLoS One,2017,12(8):e0182759.