生物药剂滴施对棉花黄萎病及根际土壤微生物数量和多样性的影响
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摘要
生物农药是当前棉花黄萎病绿色防治的重要途径.本研究设置田间小区试验,研究了4种生物药剂不同滴施用量(枯草芽孢杆菌粉剂15、30、45 kg·hm~(-2),"施倍健"哈茨木霉菌剂15、18、24 kg·hm~(-2),渝峰"99植保"15、22.5、30 kg·hm~(-2),中农绿康30、45和60 kg·hm~(-2))对棉花黄萎病的防治效果及土壤微生物群落组成和多样性的影响.结果表明:各施药处理均不同程度降低了棉花黄萎病发病率和发病指数,全生育期平均防病效果达到50.0%～77.4%;木霉菌剂施药量18 kg·hm~(-2)的防效显著高于15和24 kg·hm~(-2),其他3种药剂防病效果均与施药量呈正相关.施药后土壤中病原菌大丽轮枝菌的相对丰度显著降低,且与防病效果呈极显著负相关.土壤细菌的数量与物种丰度随着施药量的增加而显著增加.施药后土壤放线菌的数量与物种丰度也显著增加,但放线菌数量在不同施药量间相差较大.土壤真菌的数量与物种丰度除木霉菌剂随施药量增加而增加外,其他3种药剂随着施药量的增加而减少.Pearson相关性分析显示,施药组的防病效果与细菌和放线菌数量呈正相关关系,而与真菌数量呈显著负相关;与放线菌、硝化螺旋菌门细菌、子囊菌门真菌、壶菌门真菌丰度呈现显著正相关,而与半知菌门真菌丰度呈显著负相关.建议在滴施用量上渝峰"99植保"30 kg·hm~(-2)、中农绿康60 kg·hm~(-2)、枯草芽孢杆菌可湿粉剂45 kg·hm~(-2)、"施倍健"哈茨木霉菌剂18 kg·hm~(-2).
Biological agent is an important green pathway to control Verticillium wilt. A field experiment was performed to examine the effects of Bacillus subtilis agent( 15,30 and 45 kg·hm~(-2)),Trichoderma humatum agent( 15,18 and 24 kg·hm~(-2)),‘Yufeng 99'agent( 15,22.5 and 30kg·hm~(-2)) and Zhongnonglyukang agent( 30,45 and 60 kg·hm~(-2)) on cotton Verticillium wilt and soil microbial community. The results showed that all of the four biological agents could reduce the incidence and index of cotton Verticillium wilt,with control effects of 50.0%-77.4% in the whole growth period of cotton. The control effects of B. subtilis,‘Yufeng 99'and Zhongnonglyukang agent were positively correlated with the application doses, while that of T. humatum agent of 18kg·hm~(-2)was significantly higher than 15 and 24 kg·hm~(-2). The relative abundance of V. dahliae was significantly reduced,which was negatively correlated with the control effect. The quantity and species richness of soil bacteria were significantly increased with the increases of application doses.The quantity and species abundance of actinomycete were significantly increased,while the quantity of actinomycete varied greatly among different application doses. The quantity and species richness of fungi increased with the increased application doses of T. humatum agent,but was decreased with the increased application doses of other three biological agents,respectively. The control effect was positively correlated with the quantity of bacteria and actinomycetes,but was negatively correlated with that of fungi. Meanwhile,the control effect was significantly and positively correlated with the abundance of Actinomycetes,Nitrospirae,Ascomycota,Chytridiomycota,but was significantly and negatively correlated with that of Deuteromycota. The application doses of‘Yufeng 99',zhongnonglyukang,B. subtilis and T. humatum agents were suggested to be 30,60,45 and 18 kg·hm~(-2),respectively.
Biological agent is an important green pathway to control Verticillium wilt. A field experiment was performed to examine the effects of Bacillus subtilis agent( 15,30 and 45 kg·hm~(-2)),Trichoderma humatum agent( 15,18 and 24 kg·hm~(-2)),‘Yufeng 99'agent( 15,22.5 and 30kg·hm~(-2)) and Zhongnonglyukang agent( 30,45 and 60 kg·hm~(-2)) on cotton Verticillium wilt and soil microbial community. The results showed that all of the four biological agents could reduce the incidence and index of cotton Verticillium wilt,with control effects of 50.0%-77.4% in the whole growth period of cotton. The control effects of B. subtilis,‘Yufeng 99'and Zhongnonglyukang agent were positively correlated with the application doses, while that of T. humatum agent of 18kg·hm~(-2)was significantly higher than 15 and 24 kg·hm~(-2). The relative abundance of V. dahliae was significantly reduced,which was negatively correlated with the control effect. The quantity and species richness of soil bacteria were significantly increased with the increases of application doses.The quantity and species abundance of actinomycete were significantly increased,while the quantity of actinomycete varied greatly among different application doses. The quantity and species richness of fungi increased with the increased application doses of T. humatum agent,but was decreased with the increased application doses of other three biological agents,respectively. The control effect was positively correlated with the quantity of bacteria and actinomycetes,but was negatively correlated with that of fungi. Meanwhile,the control effect was significantly and positively correlated with the abundance of Actinomycetes,Nitrospirae,Ascomycota,Chytridiomycota,but was significantly and negatively correlated with that of Deuteromycota. The application doses of‘Yufeng 99',zhongnonglyukang,B. subtilis and T. humatum agents were suggested to be 30,60,45 and 18 kg·hm~(-2),respectively.
引文
[1] Mao S-C(毛树春),Li Y-B(李亚兵),Feng L(冯璐),et al. Study on the development of Xinjiang cotton production. Agricultural Outlook(农业展望),2014(11):43-51(in Chinese)
[2] Yang Z-N(杨忠娜),Tang J-J(唐继军),Yu X-L(喻晓玲). Xinjiang cotton industry present situation and countermeasure reseach. Reseach of Agricultural Modernization(农业现代化研究),2013,34(3):289-303(in Chinese)
[3] Wang X-W(王晓伟),Yue P-C(岳丕昌),Ding J-G(丁建国),et al. Study on the comparative advantage of Xinjiang cotton production. China Cotton(中国棉花),2012,39(6):4-6(in Chinese)
[4] Texj(吐尔逊江),Li X-Y(李雪源),Zheng J-Y(郑巨云),et al. Recalling the development of Xinjiang cotton production and exploring sustainable development of cotton industry. Proceedings of Annual Meeting of China Cotton Society,Beijing,2009:44-49(in Chinese)
[5] Jian G-L(简桂良),Zou Y-F(邹亚飞),Ma C(马存). The causes and countermeasures of cotton Verticillium epidemic in successive years. China Cotton(中国棉花),2003,30(3):13-14(in Chinese)
[6] Liu H-Y(刘海洋),Wang W(王伟),Zhang R-F(张仁福),et al. Occurrence overviews of cotton Verticillium wilt in Xinjiang. Plant Ptrotection(植物保护),2015,41(3):138-142(in Chinese)
[7] Gu M-Y(顾美英),Xu W-L(徐万里),Mao J(茆军),et al. Rhizosphere soil microbial ecological characteristics of infected cotton plants by Verticillium wilt in Xinjiang. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica(西北农业学报),2009,18(2):276-279(in Chinese)
[8] Schnathorst WC. Verticillium wilt. St Paul,MN,USA:Phytopathological Society Press,1981
[9] Wu M-N(吴敏娜),Zhang H-W(张惠文),Li X-Y(李新宇),et al. Relationship between soil fungistasis and bacterial community structure. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2008,19(7):1574-1578(in Chinese)
[10] Wang S-Z(王守正),Wang H-Y(王海燕),Li H-L(李洪连),et al. Study on plant microbial flora and plant disease resistance. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences(河南农业科学),2001(5):20-23(in Chinese)
[11] Holliste EB, Hu P, Wang AS, et al. Differential impacts of brassicaceous and nonbrassicaceous oilseed meals on soil bacterial and fungal communities. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2013,83:632-641
[12] Xu R-F(徐瑞富),Lu N-H(陆宁海),Li X-L(李小丽),et al. The influence of soil microorganism to cotton Verticillium wilt. Cotton Science(棉花学报),2004,16(6):357-359(in Chinese)
[13] Cai Y-F(蔡燕飞),Liao Z-W(廖宗文),Luo J(罗洁),et al. Characteristics of disease suppression and microorganisms in different soil texture. Journal of Agricultural Environmental Science(农业环境科学学报),2003,22(5):553-556(in Chinese)
[14] Doran JW,Sarrantonio M,Liebig MA. Soil health and sustainability. Advances in Agronomy,1996,56:1-54
[15] Zhang W(张伟),Chen Y-F(陈一峰). Analysis of the bacterial communities in continuous cotton fields of Xinjiang Province. Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2014,34(16):4682-4689(in Chinese)
[16] Huang JL,Li HL,Yuan HX. Effect of organic amendments on verticillium wilt of cotton. Crop Protection,2006,25:1167-1173
[17] Bünemann EK,Schwenke GD,Van ZL. Impact of agricultural inputs on soil organisms review. Australian Journal of Soil Research,2006,44:379-406
[18] Li CH,Shi L,Han Q,et al. Biocontrol of verticillium wilt and colonization of cotton plants by an endophytic bacterial isolate. Applied Microbiology, 2012, 113:641-651
[19] Gencsoylu I,Horowitz AR,Sezgin F,et al. Effect of drip and furrow irrigation methods on Bemisia tabaci populations in cotton fields. Phytoparasitica,2003,31:139-143
[20] Luo Y-N(罗燕娜),Du J(杜娟),Li J-H(李俊华),et al. Control efficacy of Bacillus subtilis S37 and S44 against cotton verticillium wilt by under-mulch-drip irrigation. Plant Protection(植物保护),2011,37(2):174-176(in Chinese)
[21] Zhang L-J(张丽娟),Qu J-S(曲继松),Guo W-Z(郭文忠),et al. Effects of the microbial fertilizers on microorganism and enzymic activity in greenhouse soil on upper reaches of the Yellow River. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China(中国土壤与肥料),2014(5):32-36(in Chinese)
[22] Cheng K(程凯),Jiang H-H(江欢欢),Shen B(沈标),et al. Isolation and biological control effects of cotton Verticilium wilt antagonist. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science(植物营养与肥料学报),2011,17(1):166-174(in Chinese)
[23] Liu Z(刘政),Sun Y(孙艳),Zhang X-K(张学坤),et al. Effect of trichoderma humatum agent on amount of soil microorganism and cotton Verticillium wilt.Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences(新疆农业科学),2015,52(1):97-101(in Chinese)
[24] Fahima T,Henis Y. Quantitative assessment of the interaction between the antagonistic fungus Talaromyces flavus and the wilt pathgen Verticillium dahliae on eggplant roots. Plant and Soil,1995,176:129-137
[25] Liang H(梁宏),Huang J(黄静),Zhao J(赵佳),et al. Studies on biocontrol of cotton Verticillium wilt. Biotechnology Bulletin(生物技术通报),2015,31(5):1-6(in Chinese)
[26] Luo J-J(罗静静),Liu X-L(刘小龙),Li K-M(李克梅),et al. Effects of microbial agent inoculations on controlling Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae in cotton fields of continuous cropping. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica(西北农业学报),2015,24(7):136-143(in Chinese)
[27] Lou S-W(娄善伟),Wang D-G(王大光),Zhang P-Z(张鹏忠),et al. The study of Bacillus subtilis applied on cotton Verticillium wilt prevention. China Cotton(中国棉花),2015,42(7):25-28(in Chinese)
[28] Pan Y-P(潘云平),Li Z-J(李作京),Huang Y-P(黄艳萍). Study on the control of cotton Verticillium wilt by biological pesticides. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology(现代农业科技),2008(11):121-123(in Chinese)
[29] Mansoori M,Heydari A,Hassanzadeh N,et al. Evaluation of Pseudomonas and Bacillus bacterial antagonists for biological control of cotton. Plant Protection Research,2013,53:154-157
[30] Lyu N(吕宁),Chen Y(陈云),Li Q-S(李全胜),et al. A device for auxiliary application of potted plants. China,201720555174. 3. 2017-05-18(in Chinese)
[31] Shen Q-Y(沈其益). The Basic Research of Cotton Diseases and Prevention. Beijing:Science Press,1992(in Chinese)
[32] Bokulich NA,Subramanian S,Faith JJ,et al. Qualityflitering vastly improves diversity estimates from illumina amplication sequencing. Nature Methods, 2013, 10:57-59
[33] Quast C,Pruesse E,Yilmaz P,et al. The silva ribosomal RNA gene database project:Improved data processing and web-based tools. Nucleic Acid Research,2013,41:590-596
[34] Schloss PD,Westcott SL,Ryabin T,et al. Introducing mothur:Open-source,platform-independent,community supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,75:7537-7541
[35] Guo L-N(郭丽娜). Research on Micro-ecology of Multi-function Bio-control Bacteria Agent BCLRs Interacted with Cotton. PhD Thesis. Xinjiang:Shihezi University,2012(in Chinese)
[36] Berg G,Fritze A,Roskot N,et al. Evaluation of potential biocontrol rhizobacteria from different host plants of Verticillium dahliae Kleb. Journal of Applied Microbiology,2001,91:963-971
[37] Li R(李芮). Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens41B-1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 841P-3 on Soil Microbial Community in Cotton Rhizosphere. PhD Thesis.Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2013(in Chinese)
[38] Tian X-M(田小明),Li J-H(李俊华),Wei C-Z(危常州),et al. Biological efects of diferent application amount of bio-organic fertilizer on controlling cotton Verticillium wilt. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas(干旱地区农业研究),2012,30(5):154-159(in Chinese)
[39] Guo R-Y(郭瑞英),Chen Q(陈清),Li X-L(李晓林). Soil microorganism-disease inhibition and soil health. China Vegetables(中国蔬菜),2005(suppl.1):78-82(in Chinese)
[40] Liu H-Y(刘海洋),Yao J(姚举),Zhang F-R(张仁福),et al. Analysis of soil microbial diversity in cotton fields differing in occurrence of cotton Verticillium wilt in Xinjiang. Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2018,38(5):1619-1629(in Chinese)
[41] Zhang P-P(张鹏鹏),Pu X-Z(濮晓珍),Zhang W-F(张旺锋). Soil quality assessment under different cropping system and straw management in farmland of arid oasis region. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2018,29(3):839-849(in Chinese)
[42] Li R(李锐),Liu Y(刘瑜),Chu G-X(褚贵新). Effects of different cropping patterns on soil enzyme activities and soil microbial community diversity in oasis farmland. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2015,26(2):490-496(in Chinese)
[43] Marschner P,Yang CH,Lieberei R,et al. Soil and plant specific effects on bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2001,33:1437-1445
[2] Yang Z-N(杨忠娜),Tang J-J(唐继军),Yu X-L(喻晓玲). Xinjiang cotton industry present situation and countermeasure reseach. Reseach of Agricultural Modernization(农业现代化研究),2013,34(3):289-303(in Chinese)
[3] Wang X-W(王晓伟),Yue P-C(岳丕昌),Ding J-G(丁建国),et al. Study on the comparative advantage of Xinjiang cotton production. China Cotton(中国棉花),2012,39(6):4-6(in Chinese)
[4] Texj(吐尔逊江),Li X-Y(李雪源),Zheng J-Y(郑巨云),et al. Recalling the development of Xinjiang cotton production and exploring sustainable development of cotton industry. Proceedings of Annual Meeting of China Cotton Society,Beijing,2009:44-49(in Chinese)
[5] Jian G-L(简桂良),Zou Y-F(邹亚飞),Ma C(马存). The causes and countermeasures of cotton Verticillium epidemic in successive years. China Cotton(中国棉花),2003,30(3):13-14(in Chinese)
[6] Liu H-Y(刘海洋),Wang W(王伟),Zhang R-F(张仁福),et al. Occurrence overviews of cotton Verticillium wilt in Xinjiang. Plant Ptrotection(植物保护),2015,41(3):138-142(in Chinese)
[7] Gu M-Y(顾美英),Xu W-L(徐万里),Mao J(茆军),et al. Rhizosphere soil microbial ecological characteristics of infected cotton plants by Verticillium wilt in Xinjiang. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica(西北农业学报),2009,18(2):276-279(in Chinese)
[8] Schnathorst WC. Verticillium wilt. St Paul,MN,USA:Phytopathological Society Press,1981
[9] Wu M-N(吴敏娜),Zhang H-W(张惠文),Li X-Y(李新宇),et al. Relationship between soil fungistasis and bacterial community structure. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2008,19(7):1574-1578(in Chinese)
[10] Wang S-Z(王守正),Wang H-Y(王海燕),Li H-L(李洪连),et al. Study on plant microbial flora and plant disease resistance. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences(河南农业科学),2001(5):20-23(in Chinese)
[11] Holliste EB, Hu P, Wang AS, et al. Differential impacts of brassicaceous and nonbrassicaceous oilseed meals on soil bacterial and fungal communities. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2013,83:632-641
[12] Xu R-F(徐瑞富),Lu N-H(陆宁海),Li X-L(李小丽),et al. The influence of soil microorganism to cotton Verticillium wilt. Cotton Science(棉花学报),2004,16(6):357-359(in Chinese)
[13] Cai Y-F(蔡燕飞),Liao Z-W(廖宗文),Luo J(罗洁),et al. Characteristics of disease suppression and microorganisms in different soil texture. Journal of Agricultural Environmental Science(农业环境科学学报),2003,22(5):553-556(in Chinese)
[14] Doran JW,Sarrantonio M,Liebig MA. Soil health and sustainability. Advances in Agronomy,1996,56:1-54
[15] Zhang W(张伟),Chen Y-F(陈一峰). Analysis of the bacterial communities in continuous cotton fields of Xinjiang Province. Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2014,34(16):4682-4689(in Chinese)
[16] Huang JL,Li HL,Yuan HX. Effect of organic amendments on verticillium wilt of cotton. Crop Protection,2006,25:1167-1173
[17] Bünemann EK,Schwenke GD,Van ZL. Impact of agricultural inputs on soil organisms review. Australian Journal of Soil Research,2006,44:379-406
[18] Li CH,Shi L,Han Q,et al. Biocontrol of verticillium wilt and colonization of cotton plants by an endophytic bacterial isolate. Applied Microbiology, 2012, 113:641-651
[19] Gencsoylu I,Horowitz AR,Sezgin F,et al. Effect of drip and furrow irrigation methods on Bemisia tabaci populations in cotton fields. Phytoparasitica,2003,31:139-143
[20] Luo Y-N(罗燕娜),Du J(杜娟),Li J-H(李俊华),et al. Control efficacy of Bacillus subtilis S37 and S44 against cotton verticillium wilt by under-mulch-drip irrigation. Plant Protection(植物保护),2011,37(2):174-176(in Chinese)
[21] Zhang L-J(张丽娟),Qu J-S(曲继松),Guo W-Z(郭文忠),et al. Effects of the microbial fertilizers on microorganism and enzymic activity in greenhouse soil on upper reaches of the Yellow River. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China(中国土壤与肥料),2014(5):32-36(in Chinese)
[22] Cheng K(程凯),Jiang H-H(江欢欢),Shen B(沈标),et al. Isolation and biological control effects of cotton Verticilium wilt antagonist. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science(植物营养与肥料学报),2011,17(1):166-174(in Chinese)
[23] Liu Z(刘政),Sun Y(孙艳),Zhang X-K(张学坤),et al. Effect of trichoderma humatum agent on amount of soil microorganism and cotton Verticillium wilt.Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences(新疆农业科学),2015,52(1):97-101(in Chinese)
[24] Fahima T,Henis Y. Quantitative assessment of the interaction between the antagonistic fungus Talaromyces flavus and the wilt pathgen Verticillium dahliae on eggplant roots. Plant and Soil,1995,176:129-137
[25] Liang H(梁宏),Huang J(黄静),Zhao J(赵佳),et al. Studies on biocontrol of cotton Verticillium wilt. Biotechnology Bulletin(生物技术通报),2015,31(5):1-6(in Chinese)
[26] Luo J-J(罗静静),Liu X-L(刘小龙),Li K-M(李克梅),et al. Effects of microbial agent inoculations on controlling Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae in cotton fields of continuous cropping. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica(西北农业学报),2015,24(7):136-143(in Chinese)
[27] Lou S-W(娄善伟),Wang D-G(王大光),Zhang P-Z(张鹏忠),et al. The study of Bacillus subtilis applied on cotton Verticillium wilt prevention. China Cotton(中国棉花),2015,42(7):25-28(in Chinese)
[28] Pan Y-P(潘云平),Li Z-J(李作京),Huang Y-P(黄艳萍). Study on the control of cotton Verticillium wilt by biological pesticides. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology(现代农业科技),2008(11):121-123(in Chinese)
[29] Mansoori M,Heydari A,Hassanzadeh N,et al. Evaluation of Pseudomonas and Bacillus bacterial antagonists for biological control of cotton. Plant Protection Research,2013,53:154-157
[30] Lyu N(吕宁),Chen Y(陈云),Li Q-S(李全胜),et al. A device for auxiliary application of potted plants. China,201720555174. 3. 2017-05-18(in Chinese)
[31] Shen Q-Y(沈其益). The Basic Research of Cotton Diseases and Prevention. Beijing:Science Press,1992(in Chinese)
[32] Bokulich NA,Subramanian S,Faith JJ,et al. Qualityflitering vastly improves diversity estimates from illumina amplication sequencing. Nature Methods, 2013, 10:57-59
[33] Quast C,Pruesse E,Yilmaz P,et al. The silva ribosomal RNA gene database project:Improved data processing and web-based tools. Nucleic Acid Research,2013,41:590-596
[34] Schloss PD,Westcott SL,Ryabin T,et al. Introducing mothur:Open-source,platform-independent,community supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,75:7537-7541
[35] Guo L-N(郭丽娜). Research on Micro-ecology of Multi-function Bio-control Bacteria Agent BCLRs Interacted with Cotton. PhD Thesis. Xinjiang:Shihezi University,2012(in Chinese)
[36] Berg G,Fritze A,Roskot N,et al. Evaluation of potential biocontrol rhizobacteria from different host plants of Verticillium dahliae Kleb. Journal of Applied Microbiology,2001,91:963-971
[37] Li R(李芮). Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens41B-1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 841P-3 on Soil Microbial Community in Cotton Rhizosphere. PhD Thesis.Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2013(in Chinese)
[38] Tian X-M(田小明),Li J-H(李俊华),Wei C-Z(危常州),et al. Biological efects of diferent application amount of bio-organic fertilizer on controlling cotton Verticillium wilt. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas(干旱地区农业研究),2012,30(5):154-159(in Chinese)
[39] Guo R-Y(郭瑞英),Chen Q(陈清),Li X-L(李晓林). Soil microorganism-disease inhibition and soil health. China Vegetables(中国蔬菜),2005(suppl.1):78-82(in Chinese)
[40] Liu H-Y(刘海洋),Yao J(姚举),Zhang F-R(张仁福),et al. Analysis of soil microbial diversity in cotton fields differing in occurrence of cotton Verticillium wilt in Xinjiang. Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2018,38(5):1619-1629(in Chinese)
[41] Zhang P-P(张鹏鹏),Pu X-Z(濮晓珍),Zhang W-F(张旺锋). Soil quality assessment under different cropping system and straw management in farmland of arid oasis region. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2018,29(3):839-849(in Chinese)
[42] Li R(李锐),Liu Y(刘瑜),Chu G-X(褚贵新). Effects of different cropping patterns on soil enzyme activities and soil microbial community diversity in oasis farmland. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2015,26(2):490-496(in Chinese)
[43] Marschner P,Yang CH,Lieberei R,et al. Soil and plant specific effects on bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2001,33:1437-1445
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