嗜碱放线菌的分离方法
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摘要
嗜碱放线菌是一类嗜好碱性生活环境的特殊资源微生物。近年来,从嗜碱放线菌中发现多个新分类单元和结构新颖、活性独特的天然产物,由此引起人们的极大兴趣。有效的选择性分离方法是收集与挖掘嗜碱放线菌物种资源的关键。本文分析了嗜碱放线菌的生理特点,归纳了嗜碱放线菌的分离方法及存在问题,并探讨了未来的发展趋势。
Alkaliphilic actinobacteria are a special microbial resource,which mainly thrive in natural and artificial alkaline environments. Recently,some new taxa and novel bioactive metabolites of alkaliphilic actinobacteria reported have attracted much attention of experts in microbiology and natural products. Selective isolation approaches are important for mining this resource. Based on the analysis of the physiological features,this paper sums up the current isolation methods,their drawbacks and new trends for alkaliphilic actinobacteria.
Alkaliphilic actinobacteria are a special microbial resource,which mainly thrive in natural and artificial alkaline environments. Recently,some new taxa and novel bioactive metabolites of alkaliphilic actinobacteria reported have attracted much attention of experts in microbiology and natural products. Selective isolation approaches are important for mining this resource. Based on the analysis of the physiological features,this paper sums up the current isolation methods,their drawbacks and new trends for alkaliphilic actinobacteria.
引文
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[19]Zhang Y G,Liu Q,Wang H F,et al.Biodiversity and enzymes of culturable facultative-alkaliphilic actinobacteria in saline-alkaline soil in Fukang,Xinjiang[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2014,54(2):183-190.张永光,刘晴,王宏飞,等.新疆阜康盐碱地可培养兼性嗜碱放线菌多样性及其酶活筛选[J].微生物学报,2014,54(2):183-190.
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[2]Genilloud O.Actinomycetes:still a source of novel antibiotics[J].Nat Prod Rep,2017,34(10):1203-1232.
[3]Shivlata L,Satyanarayana T.Thermophilic and alkaliphilic Actinobacteria:biology and potential applications[J].Front Microbiol,2015,6:1014.
[4]Kurahashi M,Fukunaga Y,Sakiyama Y,et al.Euzebya tangerina gen.nov.,sp.nov.,a deeply branching marine actinobacterium isolated from the sea cucumber Holothuria edulis,and proposal of Euzebyaceae fam.nov.,Euzebyales ord.nov.and Nitriliruptoridae subclassis nov.[J].Int J Syst Evol Microbiol,2010,60(Pt10):2314-2319.
[5]Sorokin D Y,van Pelt S,Tourova T P,et al.Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus gen.nov.,sp.nov.,a deep-lineage haloalkaliphilic actinobacterium from soda lakes capable of growth on aliphatic nitriles,and proposal of Nitriliruptoraceae fam.nov.and Nitriliruptorales ord.nov.[J].Int J Syst Evol Microbiol,2009,59(Pt 2):248-253.
[6]Zhang Y G,Wang H F,Yang L L,et al.Egibacter rhizosphaerae gen.nov.,sp.nov.,an obligately halophilic,facultatively alkaliphilic actinobacterium and proposal of Egibaceraceae fam.nov.and Egibacterales ord.nov.[J].Int J Syst Evol Microbiol,2016,66(1):283-289.
[7]Zhang Y G,Chen J Y,Wang H F,et al.Egicoccus halophilus gen.nov.,sp.nov.,a halophilic,alkalitolerant actinobacterium and proposal of Egicoccaceae fam.nov.and Egicoccales ord.nov.[J].Int J Syst Evol Microbiol,2016,66(2):530-535.
[8]Li Y Q,Li M G,Li W,et al.Griseusin D,a new pyranonaphthoquinone derivative from a alkaphilic Nocardiopsis sp.[J].J Antibiot,2007,60(12):757-761.
[9]He J,Roemer E,Lange C,et al.Structure,derivatization,and antitumor activity of new griseusins from Nocardiopsis sp.[J].J Med Chem,2007,50(21):5168-5175.
[10]Ding Z G,Li M G,Zhao J Y,et al.Naphthospironone A:an unprecedented and highly functionalized polycyclic metabolite from an alkaline mine waste extremophile[J].Chemistry,2010,16(13):3902-3905.
[11]Zhang Y G,Li W J,Liu Q,et al.A method for production and preparation of ansamitocin P-3 and 15-hydroxyansamitocin by Nocardiopsis sp.and its applications Chinese Patent No.201510187063.7[P].2015.张永光,李文均,刘晴,等.一种生产安萨菌素P-3及15-羟基衍生物的耐碱拟诺卡氏菌及其制备方法和应用中国专利申请号:201510187063.7[P].2015.
[12]Jiang Y,Duan S R,Tang S K,et al.Isolation methods for rare actinomycetes[J].Microbiology,2006,33(1):181-183.姜怡,段淑蓉,唐蜀昆,等.稀有放线菌分离方法[J].微生物学通报,2006,33(1):181-183.
[13]Tang S K,Jiang Y,Zhi X Y,et al.Isolation methods for halophilic acitnomycetes[J].Microbiology,2007,34(2):390-392.唐蜀昆,姜怡,职晓阳,等.嗜盐放线菌分离方法[J].微生物学通报,2007,34(2):390-392.
[14]Shi G M,Chen X D,Gu J F.The development of studies on the isolation and cultivation of rare actinomycetes in soil[J].World Notes on Antibiotics,2010,31(6):248-252.石功名,陈向东,顾觉奋.土壤中稀有放线菌分离培养方法的研究进展[J].国外医药(抗生素分册),2010,31(6):248-252.
[15]Zhang Y G,Tang S K,Li WJ,et al.Preliminary studies on physiological characteristics of alkaliphilic actinomycetes[J].Microbiology,2004,31(1):30-35.张永光,唐蜀昆,李文均,等.嗜碱放线菌生理学特性的初步研究[J].微生物学通报,2004,31(1):30-35.
[16]Kushner D J.Life in high salt and solute concentrations:halophilic bacteria[M].London:Microbial life in extreme environements,1978:317-368.
[17]Horikoshi K,Antranikian G,Bull A T,et al.Extremophiles:Alkaliphiles[M].Germany:Extremophiles Handbook,2011:17-251.
[18]Wang L F,Song S Z,Ruan J S.Studies on isolation methods for alkaliphilic actinomycetes[J].Journal of Microbiology,1993,13(2):41-43.王来福,宋尚直,阮继生.嗜碱放线菌分离方法的研究[J].微生物学杂志,1993,13(2):41-43.
[19]Zhang Y G,Liu Q,Wang H F,et al.Biodiversity and enzymes of culturable facultative-alkaliphilic actinobacteria in saline-alkaline soil in Fukang,Xinjiang[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2014,54(2):183-190.张永光,刘晴,王宏飞,等.新疆阜康盐碱地可培养兼性嗜碱放线菌多样性及其酶活筛选[J].微生物学报,2014,54(2):183-190.
[20]Neilson J W,Quade J,Ortiz M,et al.Life at the hyperarid margin:novel bacterial diversity in arid soils of the Atacama Desert,Chile[J].Extremophiles,2012,16(3):553-566.
[21]Oberhardt M A,Zarecki R,Gronow S,et al.Harnessing the landscape of microbial culture media to predict new organism-media pairings[J].Nat Commun,2015,6:8493.
[22]Wand B J,Liu S J.Perspectives on the cultivability of environmental microorganisms[J].Microbiology,2013,40(1):6-17.王保军,刘双江.环境微生物培养新技术的研究进展[J].微生物学通报,2013,40(1):6-17.
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