基于知识相似度的产品开发任务分配方法
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摘要
针对产品开发的任务分配中知识不对等问题,提出一种基于任务与人员双边匹配的产品开发任务分配方法。首先,从知识量化的角度把任务与人员的匹配转化为任务与人员之间的知识相似度,建立序值矩阵,转换成任务对人员匹配的满意度矩阵;其次,根据人员在不同任务属性下对任务的偏好程度,获得人员对任务满意度的序值矩阵;然后,以双方之间的满意度最大为原则,构建基于双边匹配的任务分配多目标优化模型,采用基于隶属度函数的加权和方法转化为线性规划,并通过Matlab编程求解该模型;最后以某企业生产曲轴连杆机构为例,求解4项任务与7名人员双方满意度最大的匹配结果,确定最终的分配方案,与基于聚类分析和双边匹配的产品开发任务分配方法相比,结果显示人员3和人员7之间的知识相似度、人员偏好存在明显差值,表明所提方案能更高效地分配任务。
Focusing on the issue that knowledge is not equal in task assignment of product development,a task assignment model of product development based on bilateral matching of task and designer was proposed.Firstly,the matching between task and designer was transformed into the similarity of knowledge between task and designer from the perspective of knowledge quantification,then the order value matrix was established and transformed into the satisfaction degree matrix of task to designer matching.Secondly,according to the degree of preference of the designer to the task under different task attributes,the order value matrix of designer satisfaction to task was obtained.Thirdly,based on the principle of maximum satisfaction between the two parties,a multi-objective optimization model based on knowledge similarity and designer preference was constructured.The method of weighted sums based on membership function was used to change the multiobjective optimization model into linear programming model,then the obtained model would be solved by Matlab programming.Finally,taking a crankshaft linkage mechanism produced by one enterprise as an example,the matching result between four tasks and seven designer was obtained to determine the final assignment plan.By comparing with task assignment methods of product development based on clustering analysis and bilateral matching,the apparent difference between the knowledge similarity and the designer preference between the designer 3 and 7 indicated that the proposed method can assign tasks more efficiently.
Focusing on the issue that knowledge is not equal in task assignment of product development,a task assignment model of product development based on bilateral matching of task and designer was proposed.Firstly,the matching between task and designer was transformed into the similarity of knowledge between task and designer from the perspective of knowledge quantification,then the order value matrix was established and transformed into the satisfaction degree matrix of task to designer matching.Secondly,according to the degree of preference of the designer to the task under different task attributes,the order value matrix of designer satisfaction to task was obtained.Thirdly,based on the principle of maximum satisfaction between the two parties,a multi-objective optimization model based on knowledge similarity and designer preference was constructured.The method of weighted sums based on membership function was used to change the multiobjective optimization model into linear programming model,then the obtained model would be solved by Matlab programming.Finally,taking a crankshaft linkage mechanism produced by one enterprise as an example,the matching result between four tasks and seven designer was obtained to determine the final assignment plan.By comparing with task assignment methods of product development based on clustering analysis and bilateral matching,the apparent difference between the knowledge similarity and the designer preference between the designer 3 and 7 indicated that the proposed method can assign tasks more efficiently.
引文
[1]尹超,张云,钟婷.面向新产品开发的云制造服务资源组合优选模型[J].计算机集成制造系统,2012,18(7):1368-1378.(YIN C,ZHANG Y,ZHONG T.Optimization model of cloud manufacturing services resource combination for new product development[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2012,18(7):1368-1378.)
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[6]张婉君,刘伟,张子健.供应商参与协同产品开发中的任务指派问题研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2009,15(6):1231-1236.(ZHANG W J,LIU W,ZHANG Z J.Task assignment for suppliers'participation in collaborative product development[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2009,15(6):1231-1236.)
[7]吕炎杰,赵罡,于勇.基于模糊集理论和知识相似度的复杂产品设计任务分配方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2015,21(4):904-913.(LYU Y J,ZHAO G,YU Y.Task assignment method of complex product design based on fuzzy set theory and knowledge similarity[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2015,21(4):904-913.)
[8]武照云,刘晓霞,李丽,等.产品开发任务分配问题的多目标优化求解[J].控制与决策,2012,27(4):598-602.(WU Z Y,LIU X X,LI L,et al.Multi-objective optimization for task assignment problem of product development[J].Control and Decision,2012,27(4):598-602.)
[9]杨续昌,陈友玲,兰桂花,等.基于聚类分析和双边匹配的产品开发任务分配方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(4):717-725.(YANG X C,CHEN Y L,LAN G H,et al.Task assignment method of product development based on clustering analysis and two-sided matching[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017,23(4):717-725.)
[10]HERMERL C,KOLISCH R.Work assignment to and qualication of multi-skilled human resources under knowledge depreciation and company skilled level targets[J].International Journal of Production Research,2010,48(13):3759-3781.
[11]陈友玲,阳玮琦,刘传彪,等.基于知识相似度和学习能力的产品设计人员指派方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(8):1700-1710.(CHEN Y L,YANG W Q,LIU C B,et al.Personnel assignment method of product design based on knowledge similarity and learning ability[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017,23(8):1700-1710.)
[12]樊治平,乐琦.基于完全偏好序信息的严格双边匹配方法[J].管理科学学报,2014,17(1):21-34.(FAN Z P,LE Q.Strict two-sided matching method based on complete preference ordinal information[J].Journal of Management Sciences in China,2014,17(1):21-34.)
[13]赵道致,李锐.考虑主体心理预期的云制造资源双边匹配机制[J].控制与决策,2017,32(5):871-878.(ZHAO D Z,LI R.Two-sided matching mechanism with agents'expectation for cloud manufacturing resource[J].Control and Decision,2017,32(5):871-878.)
[14]张笛,孙涛,高明美,等.多重偏好序下的复杂产品主制造商---供应商多阶段双边匹配方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2018,24(3):804-812.(ZHANG D,SUN T,GAO M M,et al.Multi-stage twosided matching method for main manufacturer and suppliers of complex products with multi-form preference ordinal[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2018,24(3):804-812.)
[15]孙丽娜,李沈,花纯利,等.柴油机曲轴连杆组合结构动态特性分析[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2012,33(12):1762-1765.(SUN L N,LI S,HUA C L,et al.Dynamic Characteristics of crankshaft-connecting rod of diesel engine[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2012,33(12):1762-1765.)
[16]WANG T.Research on the conflict resolution method in uncertainty task allocation[J].Journal of Information&Computational Science,2015,12(15):5769-5775.
[17]沈磊,郭钢,罗妤.大科学装置建造复杂资源管理模型[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(8):2075-2082.(SHEN L,GUO G,LUO S.Complex resource management model for large scientific device construction[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2013,19(8):2075-2082.
[2]景熠,王旭,李文川.供应商参与产品协同开发的任务分配优化[J].中国机械工程,2011,22(21):2566-2571.(JING Y,WANGX,LI W C.Task allocation optimization for supplier involvement in cooperative product development[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2011,22(21):2566-2571.)
[3]CHEN W-H,LIN C-S.A hybrid heuristic to solve a task allocation problem[J].Computers&Operations Research,2000,27(3):287-303.
[4]侯亮,陈峰,温志嘉.跨企业产品协同开发中的设计任务分解与分配[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2007,41(12):1976-1981.(HOU L,CHEN F,WEN Z J.Design task decomposition and allocation for interfirm product collaborative development[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2007,41(12):1976-1981.)
[5]包北方,杨育,李雷霆,等.产品定制协同开发任务分配多目标优化[J].计算机集成制造系统,2014,20(4):739-746.(BAO B F,YANG Y,LI L T,et al.Multi-objective optimization for task allocation of product customization collaborative development[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2014,20(4):739-746.)
[6]张婉君,刘伟,张子健.供应商参与协同产品开发中的任务指派问题研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2009,15(6):1231-1236.(ZHANG W J,LIU W,ZHANG Z J.Task assignment for suppliers'participation in collaborative product development[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2009,15(6):1231-1236.)
[7]吕炎杰,赵罡,于勇.基于模糊集理论和知识相似度的复杂产品设计任务分配方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2015,21(4):904-913.(LYU Y J,ZHAO G,YU Y.Task assignment method of complex product design based on fuzzy set theory and knowledge similarity[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2015,21(4):904-913.)
[8]武照云,刘晓霞,李丽,等.产品开发任务分配问题的多目标优化求解[J].控制与决策,2012,27(4):598-602.(WU Z Y,LIU X X,LI L,et al.Multi-objective optimization for task assignment problem of product development[J].Control and Decision,2012,27(4):598-602.)
[9]杨续昌,陈友玲,兰桂花,等.基于聚类分析和双边匹配的产品开发任务分配方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(4):717-725.(YANG X C,CHEN Y L,LAN G H,et al.Task assignment method of product development based on clustering analysis and two-sided matching[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017,23(4):717-725.)
[10]HERMERL C,KOLISCH R.Work assignment to and qualication of multi-skilled human resources under knowledge depreciation and company skilled level targets[J].International Journal of Production Research,2010,48(13):3759-3781.
[11]陈友玲,阳玮琦,刘传彪,等.基于知识相似度和学习能力的产品设计人员指派方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(8):1700-1710.(CHEN Y L,YANG W Q,LIU C B,et al.Personnel assignment method of product design based on knowledge similarity and learning ability[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017,23(8):1700-1710.)
[12]樊治平,乐琦.基于完全偏好序信息的严格双边匹配方法[J].管理科学学报,2014,17(1):21-34.(FAN Z P,LE Q.Strict two-sided matching method based on complete preference ordinal information[J].Journal of Management Sciences in China,2014,17(1):21-34.)
[13]赵道致,李锐.考虑主体心理预期的云制造资源双边匹配机制[J].控制与决策,2017,32(5):871-878.(ZHAO D Z,LI R.Two-sided matching mechanism with agents'expectation for cloud manufacturing resource[J].Control and Decision,2017,32(5):871-878.)
[14]张笛,孙涛,高明美,等.多重偏好序下的复杂产品主制造商---供应商多阶段双边匹配方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2018,24(3):804-812.(ZHANG D,SUN T,GAO M M,et al.Multi-stage twosided matching method for main manufacturer and suppliers of complex products with multi-form preference ordinal[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2018,24(3):804-812.)
[15]孙丽娜,李沈,花纯利,等.柴油机曲轴连杆组合结构动态特性分析[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2012,33(12):1762-1765.(SUN L N,LI S,HUA C L,et al.Dynamic Characteristics of crankshaft-connecting rod of diesel engine[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2012,33(12):1762-1765.)
[16]WANG T.Research on the conflict resolution method in uncertainty task allocation[J].Journal of Information&Computational Science,2015,12(15):5769-5775.
[17]沈磊,郭钢,罗妤.大科学装置建造复杂资源管理模型[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(8):2075-2082.(SHEN L,GUO G,LUO S.Complex resource management model for large scientific device construction[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2013,19(8):2075-2082.
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