鄱阳湖沙化土地植物-凋落物-土壤化学计量特征
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摘要
探明鄱阳湖沙化区植被恢复后植物、凋落物与土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)化学计量特征,对我国亚热带地区沙化土地的生态恢复与重建具有重要意义。在江西省都昌县典型沙化区建立110 hm2沙化土地恢复试验区,采集狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)、香根草(Vetiveria zizanioides)、单叶蔓荆(Vitex rotundifolia)、算盘子(Glochidion puberum)、湿地松(Pinus elliottii) 5种优势植物的新鲜叶片、凋落物及林下表层0～10 cm土壤样品,测定有机C、全N、全P含量。结果表明:(1) 5种植物叶片C、N、P含量平均为394.3、11.9、1.2 mg·g~(-1);凋落物C、N、P含量平均为366.7、6.8、0.9 mg·g~(-1);表层土壤C、N、P含量平均为6.8、0.4、0.5mg·g~(-1);叶片养分含量显著高于凋落物和土壤。(2)叶片与土壤C、P含量和C∶P显著相关(P<0.05);凋落物C、N、P含量与叶片C、N、P含量及化学计量比呈极显著相关(P <0.01),与土壤C、N、P含量及C∶P显著相关(P<0.05)。(3)鄱阳湖沙地植物C、N、P含量低于全国平均水平。轻度沙化区14 Clarifying the C ∶ N ∶ P stoichiometry of plant-litter-soil continuum after vegetation restoration in desertification area of Poyang Lake has great significance for ecological restoration and reconstruction of desertification land in subtropical regions of China. We established a restored ecosystem with an area of 110 hm2 in a typical desertification area of Duchang,Jiangxi Province. We collected 0-10 cm soil samples,fresh leaves,and litters of five dominant species,including Cynodon dactylon,Vetiveria zizanioides,Vitex rotundifolia,Glochidion wilsonii,and Pinus elliottii. We measured C,N,and P concentrations in all samples. The results showed that:( 1) The average concentrations of C,N,P in leaves of five species were 394.3,11.9 and 1.2mg·g~(-1),366.7,6.8 and 0.9 mg·g~(-1)in litters and 6.8,0.4 and 0.5 mg·g~(-1)in soils. The concentrations of elements in leaves were significantly higher than those in litters and soils.( 2) Significant correlations of C and P concentrations and C ∶ P were found between leaf and soil( P<0.05). C,N,P concentrations in litters were significantly correlated with C,N,P concentrations and stoichiometric ratios in leaves( P < 0. 01),and significantly correlated with C,N,P concentrations and C ∶ P in soils( P < 0.05).( 3) C,N,P concentrations of plants in Poyang Lake desertification land were lower than national mean values of China. Leaf N ∶ P was 14-16 in mild desertification area,and < 14 in moderate and heavy desertification area. According to nutrient limitation theory,plant growth in this area was co-limited by N and P,and with relatively much stronger limitation of N.
引文
毕京东,李玉霖,宁志英,等.2016.科尔沁沙地优势植物叶凋落物分解及碳矿化---凋落物质量的影响.中国沙漠,36(1):85-92.
宾振钧,王静静,张文鹏,等.2014.氮肥添加对青藏高原高寒草甸6个群落优势种生态化学计量学特征的影响.植物生态学报,38(3):231-237.
曹昀,陆远鸿,朱悦,等.2017.湿地松在鄱阳湖区沙化土地恢复中的试验研究.生态环境学报,26(5):741-746.
曹昀,杨杰,朱悦,等.2016.鄱阳湖沙化土地湿地松人工林碳蓄积量研究.生态环境学报,25(1):15-21.
丁明军,郑林,聂勇.2010.鄱阳湖沙山地区沙化土地特征及成因分析.水土保持通报,30(2):159-163.
贡璐,李红林,刘雨桐,等.2017.N、P施肥对塔里木河上游绿洲棉花C、N、P生态化学计量特征的影响.生态学报,37(22):7689-7697.
韩文轩,吴漪,汤璐瑛,等.2009.北京及周边地区植物叶的碳氮磷元素计量特征.北京大学学报:自然科学版,45(5):855-860.
贺金生,韩兴国.2010.生态化学计量学:探索从个体到生态系统的统一化理论.植物生态学报,34(1):2-6.
胡启武,聂兰琴,郑艳明,等.2014.沙化程度和林龄对湿地松叶片及林下土壤C、N、P化学计量特征影响.生态学报,34(9):2246-2255.
黄齐,张聃,曹昀,等.2010.湿地松在沙化土地恢复中的对策.江西科学,28(3):333-335.
黄小波,刘万德,苏建荣,等.2016.云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林152种木本植物叶片C、N、P化学计量特征.生态学杂志,35(3):567-575.
姜沛沛,曹扬,陈云明,等.2016.不同林龄油松人工林植物、凋落物与土壤C、N、P化学计量特征.生态学报,36(19):6188-6197.
李从娟,雷加强,徐新文,等.2013.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工植被及土壤C、N、P的化学计量特征.生态学报,33(18):5760-5767.
刘颖,韩士杰,林鹿.2009.长白山四种森林类型凋落物动态特征.生态学杂志,28(1):7-11.
鲁静,周虹霞,田广宇,等.2011.洱海流域44种湿地植物的氮磷含量特征.生态学报,31(3):709-715.
罗亚勇,张宇,张静辉,等.2012.不同退化阶段高寒草甸土壤化学计量特征.生态学杂志,31(2):254-260.
马亚娟,徐福利,王渭玲,等.2015.氮磷提高华北落叶松人工林地土壤养分和酶活性的作用.植物营养与肥料学报,21(3):664-674.
聂兰琴,吴琴,尧波,等.2016.鄱阳湖湿地优势植物叶片-凋落物-土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征.生态学报,36(7):1898-1906.
潘复静,张伟,王克林,等.2011.典型喀斯特峰丛洼地植被群落凋落物C∶N∶P生态化学计量特征.生态学报,31(2):335-343.
齐述华,熊梦雅,廖富强,等.2016.人类活动对鄱阳湖泥沙收支平衡的影响.地理科学,36(6):888-894.
秦海,李俊祥,高三平,等.2010.中国660种陆生植物叶片8种元素含量特征.生态学报,30(5):1247-1257.
青烨,孙飞达,李勇,等.2015.若尔盖高寒退化湿地土壤碳氮磷比及相关性分析.草业学报,24(3):38-47.
司高月,李晓玉,程淑兰,等.2017.长白山垂直带森林叶片-凋落物-土壤连续体有机碳动态---基于稳定性碳同位素分析.生态学报,37(16):5285-5293.
陶冶,张元明.2015.古尔班通古特沙漠4种草本植物叶片与土壤的化学计量特征.应用生态学报,26(3):659-665.
王建林,钟志明,王忠红,等.2014.青藏高原高寒草原生态系统土壤碳氦比的分布特征.生态学报,23(22):9-11.
邢雪荣,韩兴国,陈灵芝.2000.植物养分利用效率研究综述.应用生态学报,11(5):785-790.
阎恩荣,王希华,郭明,等.2010.浙江天童常绿阔叶林、常绿针叶林与落叶阔叶林的C∶N∶P化学计量特征.植物生态学报,34(1):48-57.
杨文,周脚根,王美慧,等.2015.亚热带丘陵小流域土壤碳氮磷生态计量特征的空间分异性.土壤学报,52(6):1336-1344.
杨雪,李奇,王绍美,等.2011.两种白刺叶片及沙堆土壤化学计量学特征的比较.中国沙漠,31(5):1156-1161.
银晓瑞,梁存柱,王立新,等.2010.内蒙古典型草原不同恢复演替阶段植物养分化学计量学.植物生态学报,34(1):39-47.
喻林华,方晰,项文化,等.2016.亚热带4种林分类型枯落物层和土壤层的碳氮磷化学计量特征.林业科学,52(10):10-21.
曾昭霞,王克林,刘孝利,等.2015.桂西北喀斯特森林植物-凋落物-土壤生态化学计量特征.植物生态学报,39(7):682-693.
张珂,何明珠,李新荣,等.2014.阿拉善荒漠典型植物叶片碳、氮、磷化学计量特征.生态学报,34(22):6538-6547.
张森,刘福德,刘庆,等.2015.黄河三角洲不同湿地群落氮磷化学计量特征及其生境适应策略.生态学杂志,34(11):2983-2989.
朱秋莲,邢肖毅,张宏,等.2013.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被区土壤生态化学计量特征.生态学报,33(15):4674-4682.
Cong WF,Ruijven J,Mommer L,et al.2015.Plant species richness promotes soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in grasslands without legumes.Journal of Ecology,102:1163-1170.
Craine JM,Jackson RD.2010.Plant nitrogen and phosphorus limitation in 98 North American grassland soils.Plant and Soil,334:73-84.
Elser JJ,Fagan WF,Denno RF,et al.2000.Nutritional constraints in terrestrial and freshwater food webs.Nature,408:578-580.
Fang JY,Liu GH,Xu SL.1996.Biomass and net production of forest vegetation in China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,16:497-508.
Gao SP,Li JX,Xu MC,et al.2007.Leaf N and P stoichiometry of common species in successional stages of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong National Forest Park,Zhejiang Province,China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,27:947-952.
Han W,Fang J,Guo D,et al.2005.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China.New Phytologist,168:377-385.
Jaderlund A,Zackrisson O,Nilsson MC.1996.Effects of bilberry(Vaccinium myrtillus L.)litter on seed germination and early seedling growth of four boreal tree species.Journal of Chemical Ecology,22:973-986.
Koerselman W.1996.The vegetation N∶P ratio:A new tool to detect the nature of nutrient limitation.Journal of Applied Ecology,33:1441-1450.
McGroddy ME,Daufresne T,Hedin LO.2004.Scaling of C∶N∶P stoichiometry in forests worldwide:Implications of terrestrial Redfield-type ratios.Ecology,85:2390-2401.
NiinemetsU,Kull K.2005.Co-limitation of plant primary productivity by nitrogen and phosphorus in a species-rich wooded meadow on calcareous soils.Acta Oecologica,28:345-356.
Reeder,Jean D.1998.Theoretical ecosystem ecology:Understanding element cycles.Quarterly Review of Biology,163:421-423.
Reich PB,Oleksyn J.2004.Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and latitude.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,101:11001-11006.
Tian H,Chen G,Zhang C,et al.2010.Pattern and variation of C∶N∶P ratios in China’s soils:A synthesis of observational data.Biogeochemistry,98:139-151.
Vergutz L,Manzoni S,Porporato A,et al.2012.Global resorption efficiencies and concentrations of carbon and nutrients in leaves of terrestrial plants.Ecological Monographs,82:205-220.
Wardle DA,Walker LR,Bardgett RD.2004.Ecosystem properties and forest decline in contrasting long-term chronosequences.Science,305:509-513.
宾振钧,王静静,张文鹏,等.2014.氮肥添加对青藏高原高寒草甸6个群落优势种生态化学计量学特征的影响.植物生态学报,38(3):231-237.
曹昀,陆远鸿,朱悦,等.2017.湿地松在鄱阳湖区沙化土地恢复中的试验研究.生态环境学报,26(5):741-746.
曹昀,杨杰,朱悦,等.2016.鄱阳湖沙化土地湿地松人工林碳蓄积量研究.生态环境学报,25(1):15-21.
丁明军,郑林,聂勇.2010.鄱阳湖沙山地区沙化土地特征及成因分析.水土保持通报,30(2):159-163.
贡璐,李红林,刘雨桐,等.2017.N、P施肥对塔里木河上游绿洲棉花C、N、P生态化学计量特征的影响.生态学报,37(22):7689-7697.
韩文轩,吴漪,汤璐瑛,等.2009.北京及周边地区植物叶的碳氮磷元素计量特征.北京大学学报:自然科学版,45(5):855-860.
贺金生,韩兴国.2010.生态化学计量学:探索从个体到生态系统的统一化理论.植物生态学报,34(1):2-6.
胡启武,聂兰琴,郑艳明,等.2014.沙化程度和林龄对湿地松叶片及林下土壤C、N、P化学计量特征影响.生态学报,34(9):2246-2255.
黄齐,张聃,曹昀,等.2010.湿地松在沙化土地恢复中的对策.江西科学,28(3):333-335.
黄小波,刘万德,苏建荣,等.2016.云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林152种木本植物叶片C、N、P化学计量特征.生态学杂志,35(3):567-575.
姜沛沛,曹扬,陈云明,等.2016.不同林龄油松人工林植物、凋落物与土壤C、N、P化学计量特征.生态学报,36(19):6188-6197.
李从娟,雷加强,徐新文,等.2013.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工植被及土壤C、N、P的化学计量特征.生态学报,33(18):5760-5767.
刘颖,韩士杰,林鹿.2009.长白山四种森林类型凋落物动态特征.生态学杂志,28(1):7-11.
鲁静,周虹霞,田广宇,等.2011.洱海流域44种湿地植物的氮磷含量特征.生态学报,31(3):709-715.
罗亚勇,张宇,张静辉,等.2012.不同退化阶段高寒草甸土壤化学计量特征.生态学杂志,31(2):254-260.
马亚娟,徐福利,王渭玲,等.2015.氮磷提高华北落叶松人工林地土壤养分和酶活性的作用.植物营养与肥料学报,21(3):664-674.
聂兰琴,吴琴,尧波,等.2016.鄱阳湖湿地优势植物叶片-凋落物-土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征.生态学报,36(7):1898-1906.
潘复静,张伟,王克林,等.2011.典型喀斯特峰丛洼地植被群落凋落物C∶N∶P生态化学计量特征.生态学报,31(2):335-343.
齐述华,熊梦雅,廖富强,等.2016.人类活动对鄱阳湖泥沙收支平衡的影响.地理科学,36(6):888-894.
秦海,李俊祥,高三平,等.2010.中国660种陆生植物叶片8种元素含量特征.生态学报,30(5):1247-1257.
青烨,孙飞达,李勇,等.2015.若尔盖高寒退化湿地土壤碳氮磷比及相关性分析.草业学报,24(3):38-47.
司高月,李晓玉,程淑兰,等.2017.长白山垂直带森林叶片-凋落物-土壤连续体有机碳动态---基于稳定性碳同位素分析.生态学报,37(16):5285-5293.
陶冶,张元明.2015.古尔班通古特沙漠4种草本植物叶片与土壤的化学计量特征.应用生态学报,26(3):659-665.
王建林,钟志明,王忠红,等.2014.青藏高原高寒草原生态系统土壤碳氦比的分布特征.生态学报,23(22):9-11.
邢雪荣,韩兴国,陈灵芝.2000.植物养分利用效率研究综述.应用生态学报,11(5):785-790.
阎恩荣,王希华,郭明,等.2010.浙江天童常绿阔叶林、常绿针叶林与落叶阔叶林的C∶N∶P化学计量特征.植物生态学报,34(1):48-57.
杨文,周脚根,王美慧,等.2015.亚热带丘陵小流域土壤碳氮磷生态计量特征的空间分异性.土壤学报,52(6):1336-1344.
杨雪,李奇,王绍美,等.2011.两种白刺叶片及沙堆土壤化学计量学特征的比较.中国沙漠,31(5):1156-1161.
银晓瑞,梁存柱,王立新,等.2010.内蒙古典型草原不同恢复演替阶段植物养分化学计量学.植物生态学报,34(1):39-47.
喻林华,方晰,项文化,等.2016.亚热带4种林分类型枯落物层和土壤层的碳氮磷化学计量特征.林业科学,52(10):10-21.
曾昭霞,王克林,刘孝利,等.2015.桂西北喀斯特森林植物-凋落物-土壤生态化学计量特征.植物生态学报,39(7):682-693.
张珂,何明珠,李新荣,等.2014.阿拉善荒漠典型植物叶片碳、氮、磷化学计量特征.生态学报,34(22):6538-6547.
张森,刘福德,刘庆,等.2015.黄河三角洲不同湿地群落氮磷化学计量特征及其生境适应策略.生态学杂志,34(11):2983-2989.
朱秋莲,邢肖毅,张宏,等.2013.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被区土壤生态化学计量特征.生态学报,33(15):4674-4682.
Cong WF,Ruijven J,Mommer L,et al.2015.Plant species richness promotes soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in grasslands without legumes.Journal of Ecology,102:1163-1170.
Craine JM,Jackson RD.2010.Plant nitrogen and phosphorus limitation in 98 North American grassland soils.Plant and Soil,334:73-84.
Elser JJ,Fagan WF,Denno RF,et al.2000.Nutritional constraints in terrestrial and freshwater food webs.Nature,408:578-580.
Fang JY,Liu GH,Xu SL.1996.Biomass and net production of forest vegetation in China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,16:497-508.
Gao SP,Li JX,Xu MC,et al.2007.Leaf N and P stoichiometry of common species in successional stages of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong National Forest Park,Zhejiang Province,China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,27:947-952.
Han W,Fang J,Guo D,et al.2005.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China.New Phytologist,168:377-385.
Jaderlund A,Zackrisson O,Nilsson MC.1996.Effects of bilberry(Vaccinium myrtillus L.)litter on seed germination and early seedling growth of four boreal tree species.Journal of Chemical Ecology,22:973-986.
Koerselman W.1996.The vegetation N∶P ratio:A new tool to detect the nature of nutrient limitation.Journal of Applied Ecology,33:1441-1450.
McGroddy ME,Daufresne T,Hedin LO.2004.Scaling of C∶N∶P stoichiometry in forests worldwide:Implications of terrestrial Redfield-type ratios.Ecology,85:2390-2401.
NiinemetsU,Kull K.2005.Co-limitation of plant primary productivity by nitrogen and phosphorus in a species-rich wooded meadow on calcareous soils.Acta Oecologica,28:345-356.
Reeder,Jean D.1998.Theoretical ecosystem ecology:Understanding element cycles.Quarterly Review of Biology,163:421-423.
Reich PB,Oleksyn J.2004.Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and latitude.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,101:11001-11006.
Tian H,Chen G,Zhang C,et al.2010.Pattern and variation of C∶N∶P ratios in China’s soils:A synthesis of observational data.Biogeochemistry,98:139-151.
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