断层附近砂体精细预测方法研究
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摘要
针对断层附近储层预测精度低的问题,将断层区域划分为"稳定区"和"复杂区"。通过精细解释断层"稳定区"层位,建立高精度三维地质模型,改变了传统断层附近"稳定区"层位平滑插值解释无法避免相邻层砂体窜层现象,保证了断层"稳定区"层位和远离断层区的层位一样精确。利用泥岩层的相干体属性确定断层"复杂区"的位置,通过振幅属性识别断层"复杂区"范围,采用反距离加权插值方法,实现了对断层破碎区的反演属性值的计算,从而减少了因断层对地震反演精度的影响。利用此方法,断层附近地震反演砂岩厚度预测精度由80.4%提高到91.3%,提高了10.9%。该方法提高了断层附近砂体的描述精度,对断层附件砂体精细刻画提供了一种新的思路和方法。
For the problem of low reservoir prediction accuracy near the fault, the fault area is divided into"stable area"and"complex area". By precisely interpreting the"stable area"of faults and establishing a high-precision 3D geological model, it has changed the interpretation of traditional horizons to avoid the phenomenon of sandbodies in adjacent layers through smooth interpolation, which ensures that the"stable area"near the fault is as accurate as the one far from the fault zone. The position of the"complex area"of the fault is determined by the coherent properties of the mudstone layer, the range of the"complex area"of the fault is identified by the amplitude attribute, and the inverse attribute interpolation method is used to realize the calculation of the inversion attribute value of the fault crushing zone, thereby reducing the effect of faults on seismic inversion accuracy. Using this method, the accuracy of prediction of sand thickness near the fault was increased from 80.4% to 91.3%, an increase of 10.9%.This method improves the description accuracy of the sand body near the fault and provides a new idea and method for the fine description of sand bodies in the fault attachment.
For the problem of low reservoir prediction accuracy near the fault, the fault area is divided into"stable area"and"complex area". By precisely interpreting the"stable area"of faults and establishing a high-precision 3D geological model, it has changed the interpretation of traditional horizons to avoid the phenomenon of sandbodies in adjacent layers through smooth interpolation, which ensures that the"stable area"near the fault is as accurate as the one far from the fault zone. The position of the"complex area"of the fault is determined by the coherent properties of the mudstone layer, the range of the"complex area"of the fault is identified by the amplitude attribute, and the inverse attribute interpolation method is used to realize the calculation of the inversion attribute value of the fault crushing zone, thereby reducing the effect of faults on seismic inversion accuracy. Using this method, the accuracy of prediction of sand thickness near the fault was increased from 80.4% to 91.3%, an increase of 10.9%.This method improves the description accuracy of the sand body near the fault and provides a new idea and method for the fine description of sand bodies in the fault attachment.
引文
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[13]王冰,刘太勋,王凯,等.复杂断块油藏精细地质建模研究——以大65断块为例[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2016,29(5):38-42.Wang B,Liu T X,Wang K,et al.Study on the fine geological model of complex fault-block reservior:A case study of Da 65fault-block for example[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2016,29(5):38-42.
[14]佘凌峰,欧阳传湘,王萌.多约束条件下的相控建模技术[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2016,29(3):43-47.She L F,Ouyang C X,Wang M. Facies-controlled modeling technology under multifactor control[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2016,29(3):43-47.
[2]吴海波,王江,李军辉.地震多属性融合技术在贝尔凹陷储层预测中的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2014,26(2):96-101.Wu H B,Wang J. Li J H. Application of seismic multi-attribute fusion technique to the reservoir prediction in Beier depression[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2014,26(2):96-101.
[3]赵路子,张光荣,陈伟,等.深层复杂地质构造带地震勘探关键技术——以四川盆地龙门山断褶带北段为例[J].天然气工业,2017,38(1):37-48.Zhao L Z,Zhang G R,Chen W,et al.Key seismic survey technologies for deep complex geological structures:A case study of the northern section of the longmenshan fault fold belt in the Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,38(1):37-48.
[4] Chen H Z,Yin X Y,Gao J H,et al.Seismic inversion for underground fractures detection based on effective anisotropy and fluid substitution[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2015,58(5):805-814.
[5]张光荣,冉崎,廖奇,等.四川盆地高磨地区龙王庙组气藏地震勘探关键技术[J].天然气工业,2016,36(5):31-37.Zhang G R,Ran Q,Liao Q,et al.Key seismic exploration technology for the Longwangmiao Fm gas reservoir in GaoshitiMoxi area,Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(5):31-37.
[6]朱洪昌,朱莉,玄长虹,等.运用高分辨率地震资料处理技术识别薄储层及微幅构造[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(增刊1):90-93.Zhu H C,Zhu L,Xuan C H,et al.Application of high resolution seismic data processing technique to identify thin reservoir and low amplitude structure[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(S1):90-93.
[7]潘光超,周家雄,韩光明,等.中深层“甜点”储层地震预测力法探讨——以珠江口盆地西部文昌A凹陷为例[J].岩性油气藏,2016,28(1):94-100.Pan G C,Zhou J X,Han G M,et al.Seismic prediction method of“sweet”reservoir in middle deep zone:A case study from Wenchang A sag,western Pearl River Mouth basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(1):94-100.
[8]张林清,张会星,姜效典,等.弹性参数反演与属性融合技术在“甜点”预测中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(4):582-588.Zhang L Q,Zhang H X,Jiang X D,et al.Application of elastic parameters inversion and attribute fusion technology in the“sweet spot”prediction[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2017,28(4):582-588.
[9]姚威,吴冲龙,史原鹏,等.利用地震属性融合技术研究洪浩尔舒特凹陷下白垩统沉积相特征[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(4):634-642.Yao W,Wu C L,Shi Y P,et al. Sedimentary chararteristics research on lower cretaceous in Honghaocrchute depression using seismic multi-attribute fusion[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(4):634-642.
[10]王卫华.提高地震剖面信噪比和分辨率的一种新途径[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(2):246-256.Wang W H. A new way of improving both signal/noise ratio and resolution of seismic section[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,32(2):246-256.
[11]于茜.利用VSP子波替换提高地面地震资料的分辨率[J].物探与化探,2010,34(4):546-548.Yu Q. The enhancement of the resolution of surface seismic data by using wavelet of VS replacement method[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2010,34(4):546-548.
[12]赵立明,崔若飞.全数字高密度三维地震勘探在煤田精细构造解释中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(5):2332-2336.Zhao L M,Cui R F.Application of digital high-density seismic exploration in fine structural interpretation in coalfield[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(5):2332-2336.
[13]王冰,刘太勋,王凯,等.复杂断块油藏精细地质建模研究——以大65断块为例[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2016,29(5):38-42.Wang B,Liu T X,Wang K,et al.Study on the fine geological model of complex fault-block reservior:A case study of Da 65fault-block for example[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2016,29(5):38-42.
[14]佘凌峰,欧阳传湘,王萌.多约束条件下的相控建模技术[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2016,29(3):43-47.She L F,Ouyang C X,Wang M. Facies-controlled modeling technology under multifactor control[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2016,29(3):43-47.
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