科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿群落土壤氨氧化细菌多样性
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摘要
土壤氮素形态的转换主要由相关微生物驱动完成,其中由氨氧化细菌(AOB)主导的氨氧化过程是硝化作用的限速步骤。在土地沙漠化正逆过程中,植被和土壤条件的变化也会对土壤微生物群落产生显著影响。本研究在科尔沁沙地典型地区选择小叶锦鸡儿天然群落、30年生小叶锦鸡儿人工固沙群落和流动沙丘为对象,以amoA基因为标记,采用克隆文库和Q-PCR技术,研究了沙地小叶锦鸡儿群落土壤氨氧化细菌多样性和菌群结构及其变化特征。结果表明:小叶锦鸡儿群落土壤氨氧化细菌多样性较低,均为亚硝化螺菌属(Nitrosospira);在土地沙化正逆过程中,土壤氨氧化菌群结构的变化主要体现在数量上,而基本组分变化不大;流动沙丘上重建小叶锦鸡儿植被可恢复土壤氨氧化菌群结构;土壤全氮和全磷是影响AOB群落结构的主要环境因子。
Soil nitrogen transformation is primarily driven by related functional soil microbes.Ammonia oxidation by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria( AOB) is the rate-limiting step of nitrification.During the processes of desertification and restoration,soil microbial communities are significantly affected by the changes of vegetation and soil. In this study,we investigated the diversity and community structure of soil AOB marked by amoA gene with clone library and quantitative PCR techniques under 30-year-old Caragana microphylla sand-fixation plantation and moving sandy dune in Horqin Sandy Land. We found that the diversity of AOB in the C. microphylla soil was very low,with only some Nitrosospira species being observed. During the positive and negative processes of desertification,the structure of soil AOB communities mainly varied in quantity,while the composition of soil AOB communities remained unchanged. These results indicate that soil AOB community structure in moving sandy dune can be restored to its original condition by planting C. microphylla. Soil total N and P concentrations are major environmental factors affecting AOB community structure.
Soil nitrogen transformation is primarily driven by related functional soil microbes.Ammonia oxidation by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria( AOB) is the rate-limiting step of nitrification.During the processes of desertification and restoration,soil microbial communities are significantly affected by the changes of vegetation and soil. In this study,we investigated the diversity and community structure of soil AOB marked by amoA gene with clone library and quantitative PCR techniques under 30-year-old Caragana microphylla sand-fixation plantation and moving sandy dune in Horqin Sandy Land. We found that the diversity of AOB in the C. microphylla soil was very low,with only some Nitrosospira species being observed. During the positive and negative processes of desertification,the structure of soil AOB communities mainly varied in quantity,while the composition of soil AOB communities remained unchanged. These results indicate that soil AOB community structure in moving sandy dune can be restored to its original condition by planting C. microphylla. Soil total N and P concentrations are major environmental factors affecting AOB community structure.
引文
陈定帅,董正武,高磊,等.2017.不同降水条件下科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿和盐蒿的水分利用动态.植物生态学报,41(12):1262-1272.
高嵩涓,曹卫东,白金顺,等.2017.湘南红壤稻田AOA-amo A、nar G、nos Z基因丰度及其环境影响因子.中国土壤与肥料,(1):21-27.
蒋德明,曹成有,押田敏雄,等.2008.科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿人工林防风固沙及改良土壤效应研究.干旱区研究,25(5):653-658.
林大仪.2004.土壤学实验指导.北京:中国林业出版社.
滕晓慧,曹成有,富瑶,等.2007.不同年龄小叶锦鸡儿固沙群落土壤酶活性及微生物生物量的变化.生态环境,16(3):1030-1034.
王永福,赵学勇,王少昆,等.2015.科尔沁沙地两种固沙灌木林地土壤理化性质和酶活性比较.中国沙漠,(4):937-941.
张颖,曹成有.2010.一种直接用于PCR分析的风沙土微生物总DNA提取方法.东北大学学报:自然科学版,31(11):1640-1643.
Aakra A,Utaker JB,Nes IF.2001.Comparative phylogeny of the ammonia monooxygenase subunit A and 16S rRNAgenes of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.FEMS Microbiology Letters,205:237-242.
Avrahami S,Liesack W,Conrad R.2003.Effects of temperature and fertilizer on activity and community structure of soil ammonia oxidizers.Environmental Microbiology,5:691-705.
David JL,Cindy EP,Susan JG,et al.2014.Microbial functional genes involved in nitrogen fixation,nitrification and denitrification in forest ecosystems.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,75:11-25.
Deboer W,Gunnewiek PJAK,Vecnhuis M,et al.1991.Nitrification at a low p H by aggregated chemolithotropkic bacteria.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,57:3600-3604.
Di HJ,Cameron KC,Shen JP,et al.2009.Nitrification driven by bacteria and not archaea in nitrogen-rich grassland soils.Nature Geoscience,2:621-624.
Gordon WT,Martin E,James IP.2002.Grassland management regimens reduce small-scale heterogeneity and species diversity ofβ-Proteobacterial ammonia oxidizer populations.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,68:20-30.
Han XM,Wang RQ,Liu J,et al.2007.Effects of vegetation type on soil microbial community structure and catabolic diversity assessed by polyphasic methods in North China.Journal of Environmental Sciences,19:1228-1234.
He JZ,Shen JP,Zhang LM,et al.2007.Quantitative analyses of the abundance and composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing archaea of a Chinese upland red soil under long-term fertilization practices.Environmental Microbiology,9:2364-2374.
Horz HP,Barbrook A,Field CB,et al.2004.Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria respond to multifactorial global change.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,101:15136-15141.
Inoue D,Pang JQ,Matsuda M,et al.2014.Development of a whole community genome amplification-assisted DNAmicroarray method to detect functional genes involved in the nitrogen cycle.World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,33:2907-291.
Jesser KJ,Fullerton H,Hager KW,et al.2015.Quantitative PCR analysis of functional genes in iron-rich microbial mats at an active hydrothermal vent system(Lō'ihi Seamount,Hawai'i).Applied and Environmental Microbiology,81:2976-2984.
Kowalchuk GA,Stephen JR.2001.Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria:A model for molecular microbial ecology.Annual Review of Microbiology,55:485-529.
Ma YH,Zhang TH,Liu XP,et al.2015.The response of Caragana microphylla seedlings to watertable changes in Horqin Sandy Land,China.Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions,7:88-93.
Marschner P,Yang CH,Lieberei R,et al.2001.Soil and plant specific effects on bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,33:1437-1445.
Ouyang Y,Norton JM,Stark JM,et al.2016.Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are more responsive than archaea to nitrogen source in an agricultural soil.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,96:4-15.
Prosser JI.1990.Autotrophic nitrification in bacteria.Advances in Microbial Physiology,30:125-181.
Purkhold U,Pommerening-R9ser A,Juretschko S,et al.2000.Phylogeny of all recognized species of ammonia oxidizers based on comparative 16S rRNA and amo A sequence analysis:Implications for molecular diversity surveys.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,66:5368-5382.
Stephen JR,McCaig AE,Smith Z,et al.1996.Molecular diversity of soil and marine 16S rRNA gene sequences related to beta-subgroup ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,62:4147-4154.
Suzuki I,Dular U,Kwok SC.1974.Ammonia or ammonium ion as substrate for oxidation by Nitrosomonas europaea cells and extracts.Journal of Bacteriology,120:556-558.
Tourna M,Freitag T,Nicol G,et al.2008.Growth activity and temperature responses of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in soil microcosms.Environmental Microbiology,10:1357-1364.
Van Breemen N.2002.Natural organic tendency.Nature,415:381-382.
Wang XL,Han C,Zhang JB,et al.2015.Long-term fertilization effects on active ammonia oxidizers in an acidic upland soil in China.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,84:28-37.
Yu ZH,Liu JJ,Liu JD,et al.2016.Responses of ammonia-oxidizing bacterial communities to land-use and seasonal changes in Mollisols of Northeast China.Environmental Microbiology,74:121-127.
Zhang LM,Wu M,Zheng YM,et al.2009.Altitude ammoniaoxidizing bacteria and archaea in soils of Mount Everest.FEMS Microbiology Ecology,70:52-61.
Zhang NN,Sun G,Liang J,et al.2017.Response of ammonium oxidizers to the application of nitrogen fertilizer in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Applied Soil Ecology,124:266-274.
高嵩涓,曹卫东,白金顺,等.2017.湘南红壤稻田AOA-amo A、nar G、nos Z基因丰度及其环境影响因子.中国土壤与肥料,(1):21-27.
蒋德明,曹成有,押田敏雄,等.2008.科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿人工林防风固沙及改良土壤效应研究.干旱区研究,25(5):653-658.
林大仪.2004.土壤学实验指导.北京:中国林业出版社.
滕晓慧,曹成有,富瑶,等.2007.不同年龄小叶锦鸡儿固沙群落土壤酶活性及微生物生物量的变化.生态环境,16(3):1030-1034.
王永福,赵学勇,王少昆,等.2015.科尔沁沙地两种固沙灌木林地土壤理化性质和酶活性比较.中国沙漠,(4):937-941.
张颖,曹成有.2010.一种直接用于PCR分析的风沙土微生物总DNA提取方法.东北大学学报:自然科学版,31(11):1640-1643.
Aakra A,Utaker JB,Nes IF.2001.Comparative phylogeny of the ammonia monooxygenase subunit A and 16S rRNAgenes of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.FEMS Microbiology Letters,205:237-242.
Avrahami S,Liesack W,Conrad R.2003.Effects of temperature and fertilizer on activity and community structure of soil ammonia oxidizers.Environmental Microbiology,5:691-705.
David JL,Cindy EP,Susan JG,et al.2014.Microbial functional genes involved in nitrogen fixation,nitrification and denitrification in forest ecosystems.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,75:11-25.
Deboer W,Gunnewiek PJAK,Vecnhuis M,et al.1991.Nitrification at a low p H by aggregated chemolithotropkic bacteria.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,57:3600-3604.
Di HJ,Cameron KC,Shen JP,et al.2009.Nitrification driven by bacteria and not archaea in nitrogen-rich grassland soils.Nature Geoscience,2:621-624.
Gordon WT,Martin E,James IP.2002.Grassland management regimens reduce small-scale heterogeneity and species diversity ofβ-Proteobacterial ammonia oxidizer populations.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,68:20-30.
Han XM,Wang RQ,Liu J,et al.2007.Effects of vegetation type on soil microbial community structure and catabolic diversity assessed by polyphasic methods in North China.Journal of Environmental Sciences,19:1228-1234.
He JZ,Shen JP,Zhang LM,et al.2007.Quantitative analyses of the abundance and composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing archaea of a Chinese upland red soil under long-term fertilization practices.Environmental Microbiology,9:2364-2374.
Horz HP,Barbrook A,Field CB,et al.2004.Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria respond to multifactorial global change.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,101:15136-15141.
Inoue D,Pang JQ,Matsuda M,et al.2014.Development of a whole community genome amplification-assisted DNAmicroarray method to detect functional genes involved in the nitrogen cycle.World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,33:2907-291.
Jesser KJ,Fullerton H,Hager KW,et al.2015.Quantitative PCR analysis of functional genes in iron-rich microbial mats at an active hydrothermal vent system(Lō'ihi Seamount,Hawai'i).Applied and Environmental Microbiology,81:2976-2984.
Kowalchuk GA,Stephen JR.2001.Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria:A model for molecular microbial ecology.Annual Review of Microbiology,55:485-529.
Ma YH,Zhang TH,Liu XP,et al.2015.The response of Caragana microphylla seedlings to watertable changes in Horqin Sandy Land,China.Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions,7:88-93.
Marschner P,Yang CH,Lieberei R,et al.2001.Soil and plant specific effects on bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,33:1437-1445.
Ouyang Y,Norton JM,Stark JM,et al.2016.Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are more responsive than archaea to nitrogen source in an agricultural soil.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,96:4-15.
Prosser JI.1990.Autotrophic nitrification in bacteria.Advances in Microbial Physiology,30:125-181.
Purkhold U,Pommerening-R9ser A,Juretschko S,et al.2000.Phylogeny of all recognized species of ammonia oxidizers based on comparative 16S rRNA and amo A sequence analysis:Implications for molecular diversity surveys.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,66:5368-5382.
Stephen JR,McCaig AE,Smith Z,et al.1996.Molecular diversity of soil and marine 16S rRNA gene sequences related to beta-subgroup ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,62:4147-4154.
Suzuki I,Dular U,Kwok SC.1974.Ammonia or ammonium ion as substrate for oxidation by Nitrosomonas europaea cells and extracts.Journal of Bacteriology,120:556-558.
Tourna M,Freitag T,Nicol G,et al.2008.Growth activity and temperature responses of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in soil microcosms.Environmental Microbiology,10:1357-1364.
Van Breemen N.2002.Natural organic tendency.Nature,415:381-382.
Wang XL,Han C,Zhang JB,et al.2015.Long-term fertilization effects on active ammonia oxidizers in an acidic upland soil in China.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,84:28-37.
Yu ZH,Liu JJ,Liu JD,et al.2016.Responses of ammonia-oxidizing bacterial communities to land-use and seasonal changes in Mollisols of Northeast China.Environmental Microbiology,74:121-127.
Zhang LM,Wu M,Zheng YM,et al.2009.Altitude ammoniaoxidizing bacteria and archaea in soils of Mount Everest.FEMS Microbiology Ecology,70:52-61.
Zhang NN,Sun G,Liang J,et al.2017.Response of ammonium oxidizers to the application of nitrogen fertilizer in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Applied Soil Ecology,124:266-274.
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