贵州南华纪—震旦纪沉积大地构造及其对沉积矿产的控制作用
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摘要
新元古代早期(>820 720 Ma),华南由扬子地块、华夏地块和江南造山带3个构造单元组成。新元古代晚期,南华纪-震旦纪(720 541 Ma)沿新元古代早期的江南造山带发育一裂谷盆地-南华裂谷,贵州东部是南华裂谷的重要组成部分。传统认为黔东地区该裂谷盆地为北北东向,越来越多的证据证明该裂谷盆地为北东东向。黔东地区南华纪裂谷盆地具有典型的地堑、地垒结构,并控制着"大塘坡式"锰矿的分布。震旦纪之后,裂谷盆地处于沉降阶段,沉降中心向南迁移到凯里-玉屏一线。震旦纪时期,扬子地块和南华裂谷存在明显的滨浅海磷矿-碳酸盐岩和深水泥质岩-硅质岩的沉积分异。扬子地块和南华裂谷控制着扬子地块震旦系陡山沱组磷矿和南华裂谷老堡组重晶石等沉积矿产的分布。富磷矿位于松桃-贵阳同沉积断裂以北的扬子地块南缘,重晶石矿发育于裂谷盆地强烈沉降区的天柱-岑巩一带。
In early Neoterozoic( >820-720 Ma),South China formed with Yangtze block,Cathaysia Massif and Jiangnan orogen. In late Neoterozoic,Nanhua rift valley developed along Jiangnan orogen of early Neoterozoic in Nanhua period-Sinian period( 720-541 Ma),east Guizhou is an important part of Nanhua rift valley. The view of tradition thought that east Guizhou of this valley is NNE,more and more evidences improved that this valley is NEE. The rift valley of Nanhua period in east Guizhou has typical horst and graben structure,it also control the'Datangpo type'manganese deposit distribution. Rift valley went into sedimentation stage after Sinian period,the center migrated to the south of Kaili-Yuping. In Sinian period,Yangtze block and Nanhua rift valley had obvious sedimentary differentiation of phosphorate deposit in shallow sea-carbonate rock and pelite-silicalite. Yangtze block and Nanhua rift valley controlled the distribution of phosphorite deposit of Doushantuo formation,Sinian period of Yangtze block and barite in Laobao formation of Nanhua rift valley. Rich phosphprite developed in the south margin of Yangtze block in the north of Songtao-Guiyang syndepositional fault,barite developed in Tianzhu-Cengong area in where the rift valley sedimented strongly.
In early Neoterozoic( >820-720 Ma),South China formed with Yangtze block,Cathaysia Massif and Jiangnan orogen. In late Neoterozoic,Nanhua rift valley developed along Jiangnan orogen of early Neoterozoic in Nanhua period-Sinian period( 720-541 Ma),east Guizhou is an important part of Nanhua rift valley. The view of tradition thought that east Guizhou of this valley is NNE,more and more evidences improved that this valley is NEE. The rift valley of Nanhua period in east Guizhou has typical horst and graben structure,it also control the'Datangpo type'manganese deposit distribution. Rift valley went into sedimentation stage after Sinian period,the center migrated to the south of Kaili-Yuping. In Sinian period,Yangtze block and Nanhua rift valley had obvious sedimentary differentiation of phosphorate deposit in shallow sea-carbonate rock and pelite-silicalite. Yangtze block and Nanhua rift valley controlled the distribution of phosphorite deposit of Doushantuo formation,Sinian period of Yangtze block and barite in Laobao formation of Nanhua rift valley. Rich phosphprite developed in the south margin of Yangtze block in the north of Songtao-Guiyang syndepositional fault,barite developed in Tianzhu-Cengong area in where the rift valley sedimented strongly.
引文
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周琦,杜远生,覃英.2013.古天然气渗漏沉积型锰矿床成矿系统与成矿模式---以黔湘渝毗邻区南华纪“大塘坡式”锰矿为例[J].矿床地质,32(3):457-466.
周琦,杜远生,袁良军,张燧,余文超,杨胜堂,刘雨.2016.黔湘渝毗邻区南华纪武陵裂谷盆地结构及其对锰矿的控制作用[J].地球科学,41(2):177-178.
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Li Z X,X H Li,Kinny P D et al.1999.The breakup of Rodinia:did it start with a mantle plume beneath South China[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,173:171-181.
Moores E M.1991.Southwest U S-East Antarctic(SWE AT)connection:A hypothesis[J].Geology,19:425-428.
Murray R W.1994.Chemical criteria to identify the depositional environment of chert:General principles and applications[J].Sedimentary Geology,90:213-232.
Wang J,Li Z X.2003.History of Neoproterozoic rift basins in South China:implications for Rodinia break-up[J].Precambrian Research,122(1):141-158.
Yu Wenchao,Algeo Thomas J,Du Yuansheng,Zhou Qi,Wang Ping,Xu Yuan,Yuan Liangjun,Pan Wen.2017.Newly discovered Sturtian cap carbonate in the Nanhua Basin,South China[J].Precambrian Research,293:112-130.
Yu Wenchao,Du Yuansheng*,Cawood Peter A,Xu Yajun,Yang,Jianghai.2015.Detrital zircon evidence for the reactivation of an Early Paleozoic syn-orogenic basin along the North Gondwana margin in South China.Gondwana Research,28(2):769-780.
陈建书,戴传固,彭成龙,等.2016.湘黔桂相邻区新元古代820635 Ma时期裂谷盆地充填序列与地层格架[J].中国地质,43(3):899-920.
戴传固,胡明扬,陈建书,王敏,王雪华.2015.贵州重要地质事件及其地质意义[J].贵州地质,32(1):1-14.
杜远生,周琦,余文超,王萍,袁良军,齐靓,郭华,徐源.2015.Rodinia超大陆裂解、Sturian冰期事件和扬子地块东南缘大规模锰成矿作用[J].地质科技情报,34(6):1-7.
方维萱,胡瑞忠,苏文超,漆亮,肖加飞,蒋国豪.2002.大河边一新晃超大型重晶石矿床地球化学特征及形成的地质背景[J].岩石学报,18(2):247-256.
贵州省地矿局.2018.贵州省地质志[M].北京:地质出版社.
李学刚,杨坤光,胡祥云,戴传固,张慧.2012.黔东凯里三都断裂结构及形成演化[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),39(1):18-26.
刘彦良,杨坤光,邓新.2009.镇远-贵阳断裂带活动历史及其对黔中隆起演化的制约[J].地质科技情报,28(3):42-47.
王剑,刘宝珺,潘桂棠.2011.华南新元古代裂谷盆地演化---Rodinia超大陆解体的前奏[J].矿物岩石,21(3):135-145.
王剑.2000.华南新元古代裂谷盆地演化---兼论与Rodinia解体的关系[J].北京:地质出版社.
张亚冠,杜远生,陈国勇,刘建中,王泽鹏,徐圆圆,谭代卫,李磊,王大福,吴文明.2016.黔中开阳地区震旦纪陡山沱期富磷矿沉积特征与成矿模式[J].古地理学报,18(6):582-594.
张亚冠,杜远生,徐亚军,余文超,黄虎,焦良轩.2015.湘中震旦纪-寒武纪之交硅质岩地球化学特征及成因环境研究[J].地质论评,61(3):499-510.
郑永飞.2004.新元古代超大陆构型中华南的位置[J].科学通报,49(8):715-717.
周琦,杜远生,覃英.2013.古天然气渗漏沉积型锰矿床成矿系统与成矿模式---以黔湘渝毗邻区南华纪“大塘坡式”锰矿为例[J].矿床地质,32(3):457-466.
周琦,杜远生,袁良军,张燧,余文超,杨胜堂,刘雨.2016.黔湘渝毗邻区南华纪武陵裂谷盆地结构及其对锰矿的控制作用[J].地球科学,41(2):177-178.
Adachi M,Yamamoto K,Sugisaki R.1986.Hydrothermal chert and associated siliceous rocks from the northern Pacific their geological significance as indication of ocean ridge activity[J].Sedimentary Geology,47:125-148.
Dalziel I W.1991.Pacific margins of Laurentia and East AntarcticaAustralia as a conjugate rift pair:Evidence and implications for an Eocambrian supercontinent[J].Geology,19(6),598-601.
Hoffman P F.1991.Did the breakout of Laurentia turn Gondwana land inside-out?[J].Science,252:1 409-1412.
Li Z X,X H Li,Kinny P D et al.1999.The breakup of Rodinia:did it start with a mantle plume beneath South China[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,173:171-181.
Moores E M.1991.Southwest U S-East Antarctic(SWE AT)connection:A hypothesis[J].Geology,19:425-428.
Murray R W.1994.Chemical criteria to identify the depositional environment of chert:General principles and applications[J].Sedimentary Geology,90:213-232.
Wang J,Li Z X.2003.History of Neoproterozoic rift basins in South China:implications for Rodinia break-up[J].Precambrian Research,122(1):141-158.
Yu Wenchao,Algeo Thomas J,Du Yuansheng,Zhou Qi,Wang Ping,Xu Yuan,Yuan Liangjun,Pan Wen.2017.Newly discovered Sturtian cap carbonate in the Nanhua Basin,South China[J].Precambrian Research,293:112-130.
Yu Wenchao,Du Yuansheng*,Cawood Peter A,Xu Yajun,Yang,Jianghai.2015.Detrital zircon evidence for the reactivation of an Early Paleozoic syn-orogenic basin along the North Gondwana margin in South China.Gondwana Research,28(2):769-780.
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