湖南省保靖地区龙马溪组页岩气地质特征与成藏模式研究
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摘要
湖南保靖地区为页岩气勘探新区块,其页岩气地质特征和富集规律有待进一步研究。通过对区内沉积环境、储层孔渗、地球化学特征及地层含气性等研究,总结区内龙马溪组页岩气的地质特征;根据生烃发育史、裂缝发育特征、滑脱层运移特征以及断裂作用等研究,探索页岩气的成藏模式。研究结果表明:湖南保靖地区龙马溪组页岩有机质丰度较高,热演化程度适中,脆性矿物含量较高,物性特征较好,具备页岩气富集成藏条件;页岩从二叠纪开始进入生气阶段,并持续到中侏罗世;中侏罗世末期研究区形成隔槽式断裂褶皱冲断带,龙马溪组储层中形成垂直层面多组网状裂缝及顺层滑脱层;湖南保靖地区龙马溪组具有"滑脱层运移、裂缝聚集、孔隙残留、断层封堵、高位富集、箱状成藏"的页岩气富集成藏模式。
Baojing area of Hunan Province is a new shale gas exploration block,and the geological characteristics and accumulation rule of shale gas are still worthy to be studied. The geological characteristics of Longmaxi Formation shale gas in the study area were summarized in sedimentology,porosity and permeability of the reservoir,geochemistry,gas content and other reservoir characters. According to the study of hydrocarbon generation history,fracture characteristics,detachment layer movement,and fault effect,shale gas accumulation mode was explored. The results show that Longmaxi Formation shale gas in Baojing area of Hunan Province has high organic matter abundance,moderate thermal maturity,high brittle mineral content,and good physical properties,which means this reservoir has shale gas enrichment conditions. The shale experienced the stage of gas generation from Permian to Middle Jurassic. At the end of Middle Jurassic,trough-like folds in a fold-and-thrust belt were formed and the multiple reticular cracks and bedding decollement layer in vertical dimension were formed in Longmaxi Formation reservoir. Therefore,the accumulation model of shale gas in Longmaxi Formation in Baojing area of Hunan Province can be briefly summarized as follows: migration in detachment layer,fracture accumulation,residual in pores,plugging by the fault,enrichment in higher areas and accumulation in box shape.
Baojing area of Hunan Province is a new shale gas exploration block,and the geological characteristics and accumulation rule of shale gas are still worthy to be studied. The geological characteristics of Longmaxi Formation shale gas in the study area were summarized in sedimentology,porosity and permeability of the reservoir,geochemistry,gas content and other reservoir characters. According to the study of hydrocarbon generation history,fracture characteristics,detachment layer movement,and fault effect,shale gas accumulation mode was explored. The results show that Longmaxi Formation shale gas in Baojing area of Hunan Province has high organic matter abundance,moderate thermal maturity,high brittle mineral content,and good physical properties,which means this reservoir has shale gas enrichment conditions. The shale experienced the stage of gas generation from Permian to Middle Jurassic. At the end of Middle Jurassic,trough-like folds in a fold-and-thrust belt were formed and the multiple reticular cracks and bedding decollement layer in vertical dimension were formed in Longmaxi Formation reservoir. Therefore,the accumulation model of shale gas in Longmaxi Formation in Baojing area of Hunan Province can be briefly summarized as follows: migration in detachment layer,fracture accumulation,residual in pores,plugging by the fault,enrichment in higher areas and accumulation in box shape.
引文
[1]蒲泊伶,蒋有录,王毅,等.四川盆地下志留统龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件及有利地区分析[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):225-230.
[2]郭彤楼,张汉荣.四川盆地焦石坝页岩气田形成与富集高产模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(1):28-36.
[3]李斌.湖南保靖地区龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(5):12-16.
[4]李斌,罗群,胡博文,等.湘西地区叠加型前陆盆地沉积环境演化模式研究[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(6):81-90.
[5]李斌,胡博文,石小虎,等.湘西地区志留纪沉积体系及典型前陆盆地的形成模式研究[J].地学前缘,2015,22(6):167-176.
[6]邹才能,董大忠,王玉满.中国页岩气特征、挑战及前景(一)[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(6):689-701.
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[8] Jarvie D M,Hill R J,Ruble T E,et al. Unconventional shale-gassystems:the Mississippian Barnett shale of north-central Texasas one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment[J]. AAPGBull,2007,91(4):475-499.
[9] Hill R J,Zhang E T,Katz B J,et al. Modeling of gas generationfrom the Barnett shale,Fort Worth basin,Texas[J]. AAPG Bull,2007,91(4):501-521.
[10]栾锡武.中国页岩气开发的实质性突破[J].中国地质调查,2016,3(1):7-13.
[11]崔凯.黔北绥页1井牛蹄塘组页岩气地质特征及资源潜力分析[J].中国地质调查,2016,3(3):16-20.
[12]贵州遵义安页1井页岩气、油气调查获重大突破[J].中国地质调查,2016,3(4):76-77.
[13]张晓明,石万忠,徐清海,等.四川盆地焦石坝地区页岩气储层特征及控制因素[J].石油学报,2015,36(8):926-939,953.
[14]于炳松.页岩气储层孔隙分类与表征[J].地学前缘,2013,20(4):211-220.
[15]邱小松,杨波,胡明毅.中扬子地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气储层及含气性特征[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(6):1274-1283.
[16]久凯,丁文龙,李玉喜,等.黔北地区构造特征与下寒武统页岩气储层裂缝研究[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(4):797-803.
[17]李忠雄,陆永潮,王剑,等.中扬子地区晚震旦世—早寒武世沉积特征及岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2004,6(2):151-162.
[18]刘树根,罗志立.从华南板块构造演化探讨中国南方油气藏分布的规律性[J].石油学报,2001,22(4):24-30.
[19]李聪,陈世悦,张鹏飞,等.湘西北地区震旦—三叠系储层特征及分布规律[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,31(5):61-67.
[20]李聪,陈世悦,张鹏飞,等.雪峰陆内多期复合造山带震旦—三叠纪沉积演化特征[J].中国地质,2012,38(1):43-51.
[21]汪正江,谢渊,杨平,等.雪峰山西侧震旦纪—早古生代海相盆地演化与油气地质条件[J].地质通报,2012,31(11):1795-1811.
[22]王剑,段太忠,谢渊,等.扬子地块东南缘大地构造演化及其油气地质意义[J].地质通报,2012,31(11):1739-1749.
[23]陈波,皮定成.中上扬子地区志留系龙马溪组页岩气资源潜力评价[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(3):15-19.
[24]倪新锋,陈洪德,韦东晓,等.中上扬子盆地叠加、改造类型及油气勘探前景[J].地质学报,2009,83(4):468-477.
[25]胡健民,孟庆任,白武明,等.南秦岭构造带中—晚古生代伸展构造作用[J].地质通报,2002,21(8/9):471-477.
[26]毛黎光,肖安成,魏国齐,等.扬子地块北缘晚古生代—早中生代裂谷系统的分布及成因分析[J].岩石学报,2011,27(3):721-731.
[27]万秋,李双应.中扬子地区中二叠统沉积及古地理特征[J].地质学报,2011,85(6):993-1007.
[28]吴冲龙,杜远生,梅廉夫,等.中国南方印支—燕山期复合盆山体系与盆地原型改造[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):305-315.
[29]刘新民,付宜兴,郭战峰,等.中扬子区南华纪以来盆地演化与油气响应特征[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(2):160-165.
[30]梅冥相.中上扬子印支运动的地层学效应及晚三叠世沉积盆地格局[J].地学前缘,2010,17(4):99-111.
[31]刘少峰,张国伟,程顺有,等.东秦岭—大别山及邻区挠曲类盆地演化与碰撞造山过程[J].地质科学,1999,34(3):336-346.
[32]陈留勤,段凯波,霍荣,等.晚三叠世中扬子北缘前陆盆地层序地层特征及沉积演化[J].高校地质学报,2009,15(3):328-338.
[33]肖安成,魏国齐,沈中延,等.扬子地块与南秦岭造山带的盆山系统与构造耦合[J].岩石学报,2011,27(3):601-611.
[34]李建青,蒲仁海,田媛媛.下扬子区印支期后构造演化与有利勘探区预测[J].现代地质,2012,26(2):326-332.
[35]王清晨,蔡立国.中国南方显生宙大地构造演化简史[J].地质学报,2007,81(8):1025-1040.
[36]汪泽成,赵文智,彭红雨.四川盆地复合含油气系统特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):26-28.
[37]郑和荣,高波,彭勇民,等.中上扬子地区下志留统沉积演化与页岩气勘探方向[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):645-656.
(1) 1mD=0. 987×10~(-3)μm~2
[2]郭彤楼,张汉荣.四川盆地焦石坝页岩气田形成与富集高产模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(1):28-36.
[3]李斌.湖南保靖地区龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(5):12-16.
[4]李斌,罗群,胡博文,等.湘西地区叠加型前陆盆地沉积环境演化模式研究[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(6):81-90.
[5]李斌,胡博文,石小虎,等.湘西地区志留纪沉积体系及典型前陆盆地的形成模式研究[J].地学前缘,2015,22(6):167-176.
[6]邹才能,董大忠,王玉满.中国页岩气特征、挑战及前景(一)[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(6):689-701.
[7] Kinley T J,Cook L W,Breyer J A,et al. Hydrocarbon potential ofthe Barnett shale(Mississippian),Delaware basin,west Texasand southeastern New Mexico[J]. AAPG Bull,2008,92(8):967-991.
[8] Jarvie D M,Hill R J,Ruble T E,et al. Unconventional shale-gassystems:the Mississippian Barnett shale of north-central Texasas one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment[J]. AAPGBull,2007,91(4):475-499.
[9] Hill R J,Zhang E T,Katz B J,et al. Modeling of gas generationfrom the Barnett shale,Fort Worth basin,Texas[J]. AAPG Bull,2007,91(4):501-521.
[10]栾锡武.中国页岩气开发的实质性突破[J].中国地质调查,2016,3(1):7-13.
[11]崔凯.黔北绥页1井牛蹄塘组页岩气地质特征及资源潜力分析[J].中国地质调查,2016,3(3):16-20.
[12]贵州遵义安页1井页岩气、油气调查获重大突破[J].中国地质调查,2016,3(4):76-77.
[13]张晓明,石万忠,徐清海,等.四川盆地焦石坝地区页岩气储层特征及控制因素[J].石油学报,2015,36(8):926-939,953.
[14]于炳松.页岩气储层孔隙分类与表征[J].地学前缘,2013,20(4):211-220.
[15]邱小松,杨波,胡明毅.中扬子地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气储层及含气性特征[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(6):1274-1283.
[16]久凯,丁文龙,李玉喜,等.黔北地区构造特征与下寒武统页岩气储层裂缝研究[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(4):797-803.
[17]李忠雄,陆永潮,王剑,等.中扬子地区晚震旦世—早寒武世沉积特征及岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2004,6(2):151-162.
[18]刘树根,罗志立.从华南板块构造演化探讨中国南方油气藏分布的规律性[J].石油学报,2001,22(4):24-30.
[19]李聪,陈世悦,张鹏飞,等.湘西北地区震旦—三叠系储层特征及分布规律[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,31(5):61-67.
[20]李聪,陈世悦,张鹏飞,等.雪峰陆内多期复合造山带震旦—三叠纪沉积演化特征[J].中国地质,2012,38(1):43-51.
[21]汪正江,谢渊,杨平,等.雪峰山西侧震旦纪—早古生代海相盆地演化与油气地质条件[J].地质通报,2012,31(11):1795-1811.
[22]王剑,段太忠,谢渊,等.扬子地块东南缘大地构造演化及其油气地质意义[J].地质通报,2012,31(11):1739-1749.
[23]陈波,皮定成.中上扬子地区志留系龙马溪组页岩气资源潜力评价[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(3):15-19.
[24]倪新锋,陈洪德,韦东晓,等.中上扬子盆地叠加、改造类型及油气勘探前景[J].地质学报,2009,83(4):468-477.
[25]胡健民,孟庆任,白武明,等.南秦岭构造带中—晚古生代伸展构造作用[J].地质通报,2002,21(8/9):471-477.
[26]毛黎光,肖安成,魏国齐,等.扬子地块北缘晚古生代—早中生代裂谷系统的分布及成因分析[J].岩石学报,2011,27(3):721-731.
[27]万秋,李双应.中扬子地区中二叠统沉积及古地理特征[J].地质学报,2011,85(6):993-1007.
[28]吴冲龙,杜远生,梅廉夫,等.中国南方印支—燕山期复合盆山体系与盆地原型改造[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):305-315.
[29]刘新民,付宜兴,郭战峰,等.中扬子区南华纪以来盆地演化与油气响应特征[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(2):160-165.
[30]梅冥相.中上扬子印支运动的地层学效应及晚三叠世沉积盆地格局[J].地学前缘,2010,17(4):99-111.
[31]刘少峰,张国伟,程顺有,等.东秦岭—大别山及邻区挠曲类盆地演化与碰撞造山过程[J].地质科学,1999,34(3):336-346.
[32]陈留勤,段凯波,霍荣,等.晚三叠世中扬子北缘前陆盆地层序地层特征及沉积演化[J].高校地质学报,2009,15(3):328-338.
[33]肖安成,魏国齐,沈中延,等.扬子地块与南秦岭造山带的盆山系统与构造耦合[J].岩石学报,2011,27(3):601-611.
[34]李建青,蒲仁海,田媛媛.下扬子区印支期后构造演化与有利勘探区预测[J].现代地质,2012,26(2):326-332.
[35]王清晨,蔡立国.中国南方显生宙大地构造演化简史[J].地质学报,2007,81(8):1025-1040.
[36]汪泽成,赵文智,彭红雨.四川盆地复合含油气系统特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):26-28.
[37]郑和荣,高波,彭勇民,等.中上扬子地区下志留统沉积演化与页岩气勘探方向[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):645-656.
(1) 1mD=0. 987×10~(-3)μm~2
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