基于裂缝尖端应力强度因子的裂缝穿层行为分析
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摘要
基于裂缝尖端应力强度因子理论,采用理论分析结合数值模拟的方法,分析了裂缝尖端应力强度因子在裂缝穿层过程中的变化规律,研究了界面两侧岩石力学性质差异对地层界面处裂缝穿层扩展行为的影响。研究表明:当裂缝由硬岩层进入软岩层时,界面强度系数大于1,I型应力强度因子随着裂缝尖端与界面距离的减小迅速增大,裂缝可沿原路径穿层扩展;当裂缝由软岩层进入硬岩层时,界面强度系数小于1,I型应力强度因子随着裂缝尖端与界面距离的减小逐渐减小,裂缝的穿层扩展趋势受到限制,裂缝可能停止扩展或拐折穿层扩展。
Based on the theory of stress intensity factor( SIF) at the crack tip,the variation law of SIF at the crack tip in the process of crack across-layer extension was analyzed by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,and the influence of the mechanical property difference of rockson both sides of the interface on crack across-layer propagation behavior was studied. The results show that: when the fracture enters soft rock from hard rock,the interfacial strength factor is greater than 1,the type I stress intensity factor increases rapidly with the decrease of the distance between the crack tip and the interface,and the fracture can propagate through the interface along original path. When the fracture enters hard rock from soft rock,the interfacial strength factor is less than 1,and the type I stress intensity factor decreases gradually with the decrease of the distance between the crack tip and the interface. In this case,crack may stop propagation or change propagation direction at the interface.
Based on the theory of stress intensity factor( SIF) at the crack tip,the variation law of SIF at the crack tip in the process of crack across-layer extension was analyzed by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,and the influence of the mechanical property difference of rockson both sides of the interface on crack across-layer propagation behavior was studied. The results show that: when the fracture enters soft rock from hard rock,the interfacial strength factor is greater than 1,the type I stress intensity factor increases rapidly with the decrease of the distance between the crack tip and the interface,and the fracture can propagate through the interface along original path. When the fracture enters hard rock from soft rock,the interfacial strength factor is less than 1,and the type I stress intensity factor decreases gradually with the decrease of the distance between the crack tip and the interface. In this case,crack may stop propagation or change propagation direction at the interface.
引文
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[13]刘力铭.水力裂缝在地层界面处的扩展规律研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014.
[14]陈勉,金衍,张广清.石油工程岩石力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:196-201.
[15]MING Y H,HUTCHINSON J W.Crack deflection at an interface between dissimilar elastic materials[J].International Journal of Solids&Structures,1989,25(9):1053-1067.
[16]DUNDURS F,ARIN K.Edge-bounded dissimilar orthogonal elastic wedges[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1969,36(1):650-652.
[17]ZAK A R,WILLIAMS M L.Crack point stress singularities at a bi-material interface[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1962,30(1):142-143.
[18]NULLER B,MRYVKIN J W,DUDLEY,et al.Crack interaction with an interface in laminated elastic media[C].Paper ARMA-01-0289 Presented at the 38th U.S.Symposium on Rock Mechanics,Washington,USA,7-10 July,2001.
[19]解德.断裂力学中的数值计算方法及工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:7-19.
[20]黄毅,宋侨,骆旭锋,等.基于扩展有限元法计算二维应力强度因子[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版),2018,43(1):365-370.HUANG Yi,SONG Qiao,LUO Xufeng,et al.Calculation of two dimensional stress intensity factor based on extended finite element method[J].Journal of Guangxi University(Natural Science Edition),2018,43(1):365-370.
[2]刘合,董康兴,王素玲,等.垂直裂缝在砂泥岩层理界面上拐折扩展特性研究[J].实验力学,2015,30(4):447-454.LIU He,DONG Kangxing,WANG Suling,et al.On the vertical crack inflexion extension characteristics in sandshale bedding interface[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2015,30(4):447-454.
[3]巫修平.碎软低渗煤层顶板水平井分段压裂裂缝扩展规律及机制研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2017.
[4]GU H,SIEBRITS E.Effect of formation modulus contrast on hydraulic fracture height containment[C].Paper SPE103822 Presented at the SPE International Oil&Gas Conference and Exhibition,Beijing,China,5-7 December,2006.
[5]高杰,侯冰,谭鹏,等.砂煤互层水力裂缝穿层扩展机理[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(S2):428-433.GAO Jie,HOU Bing,TAN Peng,et a1.Propagation mechanism of hydraulic fracture in sand coal interbedding[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(S2):428-433.
[6]侯冰,陈勉,刁策,等.砂泥交互储层定向井压裂裂缝穿层扩展真三轴实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(26):54-59.HOU Bing,CHEN Mian,DIAO Ce,et al.True triaxial experimental study of hydraulic fracture penetrating sand and mud interbedding in deviated wellbore[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(26):54-59.
[7]LI D Q,ZHANG S C,ZHANG S A.Experimental and numerical simulation study on fracturing through interlayer to coal seam[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science&Engineering,2014,21:386-396.
[8]李丹琼,张遂安,张士诚.煤层气水平井穿层压裂裂缝扩展机理[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(5):84-88.LI Danqiong,ZHANG Suian,ZHANG Shicheng.Expansion mechanism of through strata fractured cracks in coalbed methane horizontal well[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(5):84-88.
[9]孟尚志,侯冰,张健,等.煤系“三气”共采产层组压裂裂缝扩展物模试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):221-227.MENG Shangzhi,HOU Bing,ZHANG Jian,et al.Experimental research on hydraulic fracture propagation through mixed layers of shale,tight sand and coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):221-227.
[10]ALTAMMAR M J,SHARMA M M.Effect of geological layer properties on hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation:an experimental study[C].Paper SPE 184871Presented at the SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition,Texas,USA,24-26 January,2017.
[11]XU Chang,SHAN Y,ZHANG Z,et al.Behavior of propagating fracture at bedding interface in layered rocks[J].Engineering Geology,2015,197,33-41.
[12]刘志远,陈勉,金衍,等.泥夹层对巨厚砂泥互层储层一体化压裂的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(9):34-38.LIU Zhiyuan,CHEN Mian,JIN Yan,et al.The effect of argillaceous interlayers on integrative fracturing of sandstone-mudstone interbedding reservoir with huge thickness[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(9):34-38.
[13]刘力铭.水力裂缝在地层界面处的扩展规律研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014.
[14]陈勉,金衍,张广清.石油工程岩石力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:196-201.
[15]MING Y H,HUTCHINSON J W.Crack deflection at an interface between dissimilar elastic materials[J].International Journal of Solids&Structures,1989,25(9):1053-1067.
[16]DUNDURS F,ARIN K.Edge-bounded dissimilar orthogonal elastic wedges[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1969,36(1):650-652.
[17]ZAK A R,WILLIAMS M L.Crack point stress singularities at a bi-material interface[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1962,30(1):142-143.
[18]NULLER B,MRYVKIN J W,DUDLEY,et al.Crack interaction with an interface in laminated elastic media[C].Paper ARMA-01-0289 Presented at the 38th U.S.Symposium on Rock Mechanics,Washington,USA,7-10 July,2001.
[19]解德.断裂力学中的数值计算方法及工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:7-19.
[20]黄毅,宋侨,骆旭锋,等.基于扩展有限元法计算二维应力强度因子[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版),2018,43(1):365-370.HUANG Yi,SONG Qiao,LUO Xufeng,et al.Calculation of two dimensional stress intensity factor based on extended finite element method[J].Journal of Guangxi University(Natural Science Edition),2018,43(1):365-370.
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