复合壁材布拉酵母微胶囊的制备
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摘要
为提高布拉酵母对环境的耐受能力,采用复合壁材制备布拉酵母微胶囊。利用正交法考察了变性淀粉、β-环糊精和明胶3种材料的比例对微胶囊有效活菌数的影响。在此基础上,通过单因素法和正交实验对复合壁材浓度、进风温度、通气量和上料速度等工艺参数进行优化,观察微胶囊形态并考察对模拟消化液的耐受能力。结果表明:布拉酵母质量分数为10%时,变性淀粉、β-环糊精和明胶的最佳配比为6∶3∶5。喷雾干燥最佳工艺参数为:复合壁材质量分数16%、进风温度80℃、通气量550L/min、上料速度15mL/min。各因素对喷雾工艺的影响程度为:进风温度>复合壁材浓度>上料速度>通气量。采用最优条件制备的布拉酵母微胶囊呈球形,表面紧密无裂缝,平均大小为138.65μm,具有耐受能力强和体内缓释的特点。研究结果为布拉酵母微胶囊的工业化生产奠定了基础。
To enhance the resistance of Saccharomyces boulardii(S. boulardii) to the environment, its microcapsule was prepared by compound wall materials. Based on the application of modified starches, β-cyclodextrin and gelatin as compound wall materials, the effect of the ratio of three blended wall materials was assayed on colony-forming units in S. boulardii microcapsules using the orthogonal experimentalmethod. Then an optimization was performed concerning several spray drying processing parameters, suchas compound wall material concentration, inlet temperature, air flow, and feeding speed via the singlefactor process and the orthogonal test. Further, corresponding morphology and tolerance to artificialdigestive juice were observed. The results showed that the optimal ratio of modified starches, β-cyclodextrin and gelatin was 6∶ 3∶ 5 with the 10% concentration of S. boulardii. The optimal spraydrying processing parameters were as follows: the compound wall material concentration of 16%, inlettemperature of 80℃, air flow of 550L/h, and feeding speed of 15mL/min. Besides, the leading influencefactor on the production of S. boulardii microcapsules was inlet temperature, followed by compound wallmaterial concentration and feeding speed, and finally air flow. Under those conditions, S. boulardii microcapsules were spherical without holes and cracks on the surface,and with an average size of 138.65μm.Moreover,S.boulardii microcapsules were also found to be good tolerance to artificial digestive juice,as well as slow-release in simulated gastrointestinal conditions.Collectively,the present study lays a foundation for the commercial production of S.boulardii microcapsules.
To enhance the resistance of Saccharomyces boulardii(S. boulardii) to the environment, its microcapsule was prepared by compound wall materials. Based on the application of modified starches, β-cyclodextrin and gelatin as compound wall materials, the effect of the ratio of three blended wall materials was assayed on colony-forming units in S. boulardii microcapsules using the orthogonal experimentalmethod. Then an optimization was performed concerning several spray drying processing parameters, suchas compound wall material concentration, inlet temperature, air flow, and feeding speed via the singlefactor process and the orthogonal test. Further, corresponding morphology and tolerance to artificialdigestive juice were observed. The results showed that the optimal ratio of modified starches, β-cyclodextrin and gelatin was 6∶ 3∶ 5 with the 10% concentration of S. boulardii. The optimal spraydrying processing parameters were as follows: the compound wall material concentration of 16%, inlettemperature of 80℃, air flow of 550L/h, and feeding speed of 15mL/min. Besides, the leading influencefactor on the production of S. boulardii microcapsules was inlet temperature, followed by compound wallmaterial concentration and feeding speed, and finally air flow. Under those conditions, S. boulardii microcapsules were spherical without holes and cracks on the surface,and with an average size of 138.65μm.Moreover,S.boulardii microcapsules were also found to be good tolerance to artificial digestive juice,as well as slow-release in simulated gastrointestinal conditions.Collectively,the present study lays a foundation for the commercial production of S.boulardii microcapsules.
引文
[1] MARTINS F S, VIEIRA A T, ELIAN S D, et al. Inhibition of tissueinflammation and bacterial translocation as one of the protectivemechanisms of Saccharomyces boulardii against Salmonella infectionin mice[J]. Microbes and Infection, 2013, 15(4):270-279.
[2] SIMONE V G, MIRELLE L V, ROSANAQ, et al. Protection againstincreased intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation inducedby intestinal obstruction in mice treated with viable and heat-killedSaccharomyces boulardii[J]. European Journal of Nutrition, 2011, 50(4):261-269.
[3] CANONICI A L, PELLEGRINO E, SIRET C, et al. Saccharomyces boulardii improves intestinal epithelial cell restitution by inhibitingαvβ5 integrin activation state[J]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(9):1-12.
[4] JEAN P B, NADINE D K. Effects of Saccharomyces boulardii onintestinal mucosa[J]. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2006, 51(8):1485-1492.
[5] DOROTA C, PATRICK R. Experimental effects of Saccharomyces boulardii on diarrheal pathogens[J]. Microbes and Infection, 2002, 4(7):733-739.
[6] BUTS J P. Twenty-five years of research on Saccharomyces boulardii trophic effects:updates and perspectives[J]. Digestive Diseases andSciences, 2009, 54(1):15-18.
[7] MOMBELLI B, GISMONDO M R. The use of probiotics in medicalpractice[J]. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2000, 16(4):531-536.
[8] OEZTUERK H, SCHROEDER B, BEYERBACH M, et al. Influence ofliving and autoclaved yeasts of saccharomyces boulardii on in vitro Rminal microbial metabolism[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2005, 88(7):2594-2600.
[9]楚杰,张大伟,郝永任,等.布拉氏酵母菌对肠道菌群紊乱的调整作用研究[J].中国畜牧兽医, 2008, 35(7):87-89.CHU J, ZHANG D W, HAO Y R, et al. Study the modulation effect ofS boulardii on the intestinal microbial imbalance[J]. Chinese AnimalHusbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2008, 35(7):87-89.
[10]邵明倩,刘新利,孙久玉,等.布拉氏酵母菌高活性菌粉的制备[J].食品科技, 2013, 38(11):20-23.SHAO M Q, LIU X L, SUN J Y, et al. Preparation of high activityfreeze-drying Saccharomyces boulardii powder[J]. Food Science andTechnology, 2013,38(11):20-23.
[11]张琳,贠婷婷,綦文涛,等.乳化凝胶化法微囊化益生菌抗胁迫作用研究[J].动物营养学报, 2015,27(11):3636-3642ZHANG L, YUN T T, QI W T, et al. A study on the resistance ofmicroencapsulated probiotics by the emulsion and internal gelationmethod[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2015, 27(11):3636-3642.
[12] HOESLI C A, RAGHURA M K, KIANGAR L J, et al.Pancreatic cellimmobilization in alginate beads produced by emulsion and internalgelation[J]. Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2011,108(2):424-434.
[13] GUAN H N,CHI D F, YU J, et al. Encapsulated ecdysone by internalgelation of alginate microspheres for controlling its release andphotostability[J]. Chemical EngineeringJournal,2011,168(1):94-101.
[14]傅楠,陈晓东.益生菌在喷雾干燥过程中的活性变化与保护策略[J].化工进展, 2018, 37(5):1633-1644.FU N,CHEN X D. Changes in the viability of probiotics during spraydrying process and the strategies to protect probiotic cells[J]. ChemicalIndustry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(5):1633-1644.
[15]蔡薇,韩静,李智.喷雾干燥技术在中药领域中的应用及进展[J].沈阳药科大学学报, 2006,23(9):613-616.CAI W, HAN J, LI Z. Application and progress of spray dryingtechnique in the field of traditional Chinese medicine[J]. Journal ofShenyang Pharmaceutical University, 2006,23(9):613-616.
[16]孙俊良,赵瑞香,王大红.嗜酸乳杆菌真空喷雾干燥微胶囊化技术的研究[J].农业工程学报, 2006,22(5):161-164.SUN J L, ZHAO R X, WANG D H, et al. Technology for micro-encapsulation of Lactobacillus acidophilus using vacuum spray drying[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2006, 22(5):161-164.
[17]李康宁,邢会霞,焦志军,等.正交法优化保加利亚乳杆菌NQ2508微囊制备工艺[J].中国微生态学杂志, 2016,28(8):880-883.LI K N, XING H X, JIAO Z J, et al. Optimization of the process forpreparation of Lactobacillus bulgaricus NQ2508 microcapsules byorthogonal method[J]. Chin. J. Microecol., 2016, 28(8):880-883.
[18]曹海鹏,何珊,安健,等.鲟源嗜水气单胞菌拮抗解淀粉芽孢杆菌微胶囊的制备工艺及其特性[J].微生物学报, 2014, 41(6):1043-1051.CAO H P, HE S, AN J, et al. Production process technique andcharacteristics of microcapsules of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens againststurgeon-pathogenic aeromonas hydrophila[J]. Microbiology China,2014, 41(6):1043-1051.
[19]倪卓,林煜豪,黄苇颖,等.环氧树脂微胶囊合成及其反应动力学[J].化工学报, 2018, 69(4):1790-1798.NI Z, LIN Y H, HUANG W Y, et al. Preparation and reaction kineticsof epoxy resin microcapsules[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(4):1790-1798
[20]徐华,林粤顺,周红军,等.毒死蜱/乙基纤维素微胶囊的制备及其缓释性能[J].化工进展, 2017, 36(12):4622-4627.XU H, LIN Y S, ZHOU H J, et al. Preparation and sustained release ofchlorpyrifos/ethyl cellulose microcapsules[J]. Chemical Industry andEngineering Progress, 2017, 36(12):4622-4627.
[21]孟锐,李晓刚,周小毛,等.药物微胶囊壁材研究进展[J].高分子通报, 2012, 3(12):28-37.MENG R, LI X G, ZHOU X M, et al. Research progress on capsulewall materials used for drug microcapsule[J]. Polymer Bulletin, 2012,3(12):28-37.
[22]赵德胜.不同壁材对益生菌微胶囊性能的影响[J].中国乳品工业,2017,45(2):29-32.ZHAO D S. Effects of wall material on characteritics ofmicroencapsulated probiotics[J]. China Dairy Industry, 2017, 45(2):29-32.
[23]蒋苏颖,杨亚强,黄叶,等.植物乳杆菌CICC 20270微胶囊的制备及其特性研究[J].食品工业科技, 2018, 6(14):22-28.JIANG S Y, YANG Y Q, HUANG Y, et al. Preparation andcharacterization of Lactobacillus plantarum CICC 20270 microcapsules[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2018, 6(14):22-28.
[24]寇秋莉,雷虹,于童童,等.副干酪乳杆菌HD1.7微胶囊制备及质量评价[J].食品科技, 2014, 39(3):22-28.KOU Q L, LEI H, YU T T, et al. Preparation and quality evaluation ofmicrocapsulated Lactobacillus paracasei HD1.7[J]. Food Science andTechnology, 2014, 39(3):22-28.
[25]张燕萍,李世勇.变性淀粉作VE微胶囊壁材的研究[J].粮食与饲料工业, 2001, 6(6):36-37.ZHANG Y P, LI S Y. A study on modified starch used asmicroencapsulating wall material of vitamin E[J]. Cereal and FeedIndustry, 2001,6(6):36-37.
[26]王齐放,王中彦,范晓文,等.用混合粉碎法制备晶体药物与β-环糊精包合物[J].沈阳药科大学学报, 2007, 24(6):325-328.WANG Q F, WANG Z Y, FAN X W, et al. Preparation of inclusioncomplex of crystalline drug withβ-cyclodextrin by co-grinding[J].Journal of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 2007, 24(6):325-328.
[27]方晨.布拉迪酵母微囊化包埋技术的研究[D].武汉:武汉轻工大学,2015.FANG C. Research the embedding technology of microencapsulationfor Saccharomyces boulardii[D]. Wuhan:Wuhan PolytechnicUniversity,2015.
[2] SIMONE V G, MIRELLE L V, ROSANAQ, et al. Protection againstincreased intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation inducedby intestinal obstruction in mice treated with viable and heat-killedSaccharomyces boulardii[J]. European Journal of Nutrition, 2011, 50(4):261-269.
[3] CANONICI A L, PELLEGRINO E, SIRET C, et al. Saccharomyces boulardii improves intestinal epithelial cell restitution by inhibitingαvβ5 integrin activation state[J]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(9):1-12.
[4] JEAN P B, NADINE D K. Effects of Saccharomyces boulardii onintestinal mucosa[J]. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2006, 51(8):1485-1492.
[5] DOROTA C, PATRICK R. Experimental effects of Saccharomyces boulardii on diarrheal pathogens[J]. Microbes and Infection, 2002, 4(7):733-739.
[6] BUTS J P. Twenty-five years of research on Saccharomyces boulardii trophic effects:updates and perspectives[J]. Digestive Diseases andSciences, 2009, 54(1):15-18.
[7] MOMBELLI B, GISMONDO M R. The use of probiotics in medicalpractice[J]. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2000, 16(4):531-536.
[8] OEZTUERK H, SCHROEDER B, BEYERBACH M, et al. Influence ofliving and autoclaved yeasts of saccharomyces boulardii on in vitro Rminal microbial metabolism[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2005, 88(7):2594-2600.
[9]楚杰,张大伟,郝永任,等.布拉氏酵母菌对肠道菌群紊乱的调整作用研究[J].中国畜牧兽医, 2008, 35(7):87-89.CHU J, ZHANG D W, HAO Y R, et al. Study the modulation effect ofS boulardii on the intestinal microbial imbalance[J]. Chinese AnimalHusbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2008, 35(7):87-89.
[10]邵明倩,刘新利,孙久玉,等.布拉氏酵母菌高活性菌粉的制备[J].食品科技, 2013, 38(11):20-23.SHAO M Q, LIU X L, SUN J Y, et al. Preparation of high activityfreeze-drying Saccharomyces boulardii powder[J]. Food Science andTechnology, 2013,38(11):20-23.
[11]张琳,贠婷婷,綦文涛,等.乳化凝胶化法微囊化益生菌抗胁迫作用研究[J].动物营养学报, 2015,27(11):3636-3642ZHANG L, YUN T T, QI W T, et al. A study on the resistance ofmicroencapsulated probiotics by the emulsion and internal gelationmethod[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2015, 27(11):3636-3642.
[12] HOESLI C A, RAGHURA M K, KIANGAR L J, et al.Pancreatic cellimmobilization in alginate beads produced by emulsion and internalgelation[J]. Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2011,108(2):424-434.
[13] GUAN H N,CHI D F, YU J, et al. Encapsulated ecdysone by internalgelation of alginate microspheres for controlling its release andphotostability[J]. Chemical EngineeringJournal,2011,168(1):94-101.
[14]傅楠,陈晓东.益生菌在喷雾干燥过程中的活性变化与保护策略[J].化工进展, 2018, 37(5):1633-1644.FU N,CHEN X D. Changes in the viability of probiotics during spraydrying process and the strategies to protect probiotic cells[J]. ChemicalIndustry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(5):1633-1644.
[15]蔡薇,韩静,李智.喷雾干燥技术在中药领域中的应用及进展[J].沈阳药科大学学报, 2006,23(9):613-616.CAI W, HAN J, LI Z. Application and progress of spray dryingtechnique in the field of traditional Chinese medicine[J]. Journal ofShenyang Pharmaceutical University, 2006,23(9):613-616.
[16]孙俊良,赵瑞香,王大红.嗜酸乳杆菌真空喷雾干燥微胶囊化技术的研究[J].农业工程学报, 2006,22(5):161-164.SUN J L, ZHAO R X, WANG D H, et al. Technology for micro-encapsulation of Lactobacillus acidophilus using vacuum spray drying[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2006, 22(5):161-164.
[17]李康宁,邢会霞,焦志军,等.正交法优化保加利亚乳杆菌NQ2508微囊制备工艺[J].中国微生态学杂志, 2016,28(8):880-883.LI K N, XING H X, JIAO Z J, et al. Optimization of the process forpreparation of Lactobacillus bulgaricus NQ2508 microcapsules byorthogonal method[J]. Chin. J. Microecol., 2016, 28(8):880-883.
[18]曹海鹏,何珊,安健,等.鲟源嗜水气单胞菌拮抗解淀粉芽孢杆菌微胶囊的制备工艺及其特性[J].微生物学报, 2014, 41(6):1043-1051.CAO H P, HE S, AN J, et al. Production process technique andcharacteristics of microcapsules of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens againststurgeon-pathogenic aeromonas hydrophila[J]. Microbiology China,2014, 41(6):1043-1051.
[19]倪卓,林煜豪,黄苇颖,等.环氧树脂微胶囊合成及其反应动力学[J].化工学报, 2018, 69(4):1790-1798.NI Z, LIN Y H, HUANG W Y, et al. Preparation and reaction kineticsof epoxy resin microcapsules[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(4):1790-1798
[20]徐华,林粤顺,周红军,等.毒死蜱/乙基纤维素微胶囊的制备及其缓释性能[J].化工进展, 2017, 36(12):4622-4627.XU H, LIN Y S, ZHOU H J, et al. Preparation and sustained release ofchlorpyrifos/ethyl cellulose microcapsules[J]. Chemical Industry andEngineering Progress, 2017, 36(12):4622-4627.
[21]孟锐,李晓刚,周小毛,等.药物微胶囊壁材研究进展[J].高分子通报, 2012, 3(12):28-37.MENG R, LI X G, ZHOU X M, et al. Research progress on capsulewall materials used for drug microcapsule[J]. Polymer Bulletin, 2012,3(12):28-37.
[22]赵德胜.不同壁材对益生菌微胶囊性能的影响[J].中国乳品工业,2017,45(2):29-32.ZHAO D S. Effects of wall material on characteritics ofmicroencapsulated probiotics[J]. China Dairy Industry, 2017, 45(2):29-32.
[23]蒋苏颖,杨亚强,黄叶,等.植物乳杆菌CICC 20270微胶囊的制备及其特性研究[J].食品工业科技, 2018, 6(14):22-28.JIANG S Y, YANG Y Q, HUANG Y, et al. Preparation andcharacterization of Lactobacillus plantarum CICC 20270 microcapsules[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2018, 6(14):22-28.
[24]寇秋莉,雷虹,于童童,等.副干酪乳杆菌HD1.7微胶囊制备及质量评价[J].食品科技, 2014, 39(3):22-28.KOU Q L, LEI H, YU T T, et al. Preparation and quality evaluation ofmicrocapsulated Lactobacillus paracasei HD1.7[J]. Food Science andTechnology, 2014, 39(3):22-28.
[25]张燕萍,李世勇.变性淀粉作VE微胶囊壁材的研究[J].粮食与饲料工业, 2001, 6(6):36-37.ZHANG Y P, LI S Y. A study on modified starch used asmicroencapsulating wall material of vitamin E[J]. Cereal and FeedIndustry, 2001,6(6):36-37.
[26]王齐放,王中彦,范晓文,等.用混合粉碎法制备晶体药物与β-环糊精包合物[J].沈阳药科大学学报, 2007, 24(6):325-328.WANG Q F, WANG Z Y, FAN X W, et al. Preparation of inclusioncomplex of crystalline drug withβ-cyclodextrin by co-grinding[J].Journal of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 2007, 24(6):325-328.
[27]方晨.布拉迪酵母微囊化包埋技术的研究[D].武汉:武汉轻工大学,2015.FANG C. Research the embedding technology of microencapsulationfor Saccharomyces boulardii[D]. Wuhan:Wuhan PolytechnicUniversity,2015.
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