基于偏最小二乘回归的高精度同步时钟
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摘要
为提高同步时钟的稳定性与精确度,提出了一种基于偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)的高精度同步时钟产生方法。该方法首先将卫星时钟和晶振时钟偏差方程的非线性关系转化为拟线性关系,然后对方程进行PLSR建模,得到晶振时钟误差估计值。当卫星时钟工作正常时,根据误差估计值修正晶振的频率,对晶振时钟的累计误差实时主动补偿,继而产生高精度同步时钟;当卫星时钟失效时,由晶振时钟参考失效前的误差估计值提供高精度同步时钟。仿真结果表明,该方法产生的同步时钟具备高精度、高稳定性的优点,在卫星时钟失效一段时间后仍可输出稳定性好的高精度时间同步信号。
To improve the stability and precision of a synchronous clock,a method to generate a high-precision synchronous clock based on partial least squares regression(PLSR)is put forward,which transforms the nonlinear relationship between the satellite clock and crystal oscillator clock deviation equation into a quasilinear relationship. Then,PLSR modeling is performed so as to obtain the estimated value of error of the crystal oscillator clock. When the satellite clock is working well,the frequency of the crystal oscillator will be modified according to the estimated value of error,and a real-time active compensation of the crystal oscillator clock's accumulative error will be made,thus a high-precision synchronous clock can be generated;when the satellite clock is invalid,the high-precision synchronous clock will be provided by the crystal oscillator clock referring to the estimated value of error before the failure occurs. Simulation results show that the synchronous clock generated using this method features high precision and high stability,which can output a high-precision time sync signal with satisfying stability even for a time period after the satellite clock failure.
To improve the stability and precision of a synchronous clock,a method to generate a high-precision synchronous clock based on partial least squares regression(PLSR)is put forward,which transforms the nonlinear relationship between the satellite clock and crystal oscillator clock deviation equation into a quasilinear relationship. Then,PLSR modeling is performed so as to obtain the estimated value of error of the crystal oscillator clock. When the satellite clock is working well,the frequency of the crystal oscillator will be modified according to the estimated value of error,and a real-time active compensation of the crystal oscillator clock's accumulative error will be made,thus a high-precision synchronous clock can be generated;when the satellite clock is invalid,the high-precision synchronous clock will be provided by the crystal oscillator clock referring to the estimated value of error before the failure occurs. Simulation results show that the synchronous clock generated using this method features high precision and high stability,which can output a high-precision time sync signal with satisfying stability even for a time period after the satellite clock failure.
引文
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[8]张磊,黄海生,张斌(Zhang Lei,Huang Haisheng,Zhang Bin).基于FPGA的GPS时钟驯服电路设计与实现(Design and implementation of GPS clock tame circuit based on FPGA)[J].电子设计工程(Electronic Design Engineering),2014,22(11):61-64.
[9]李泽文,舒磊,邓丰,等(Li Zewen,Shu Lei,Deng Feng,et al).基于全数字锁相环的电力系统高精度同步时钟(Wholly DPLL-based synchronous clock with high precision for electric power system)[J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment),2015,35(7):32-36.
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[11]任震,张静伟,张晋昕(Ren Zhen,Zhang Jingwei,Zhang Jinxin).基于偏最小二乘法的设备故障率计算(Calculation of failure rate of power equipments based on partial least square method)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2005,29(5):12-15,42.
[12]李丽,马宏忠,姜宁,等(Li Li,Ma Hongzhong,Jiang Ning,et al).基于改进偏最小二乘法的系统谐波阻抗及谐波发射水平估算(Assessing harmonic impedance and the harmonic emission level based on improved partial least-squares regression method)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2011,39(1):92-95,131.
[13]王文圣,丁晶,赵玉龙,等(Wang Wensheng,Ding Jing,Zhao Yulong,et al).基于偏最小二乘回归的年用电量预测研究(Study on the long term prediction of annual electricity consumption using partial least square regressive model)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2003,23(10):17-21.
[14]李泽文,杨京俞,彭署蓉,等(Li Zewen,Yang Jingyu,Peng Shurong,et al).智能电网高精度时间同步方法(High precision time synchronization method for smart grid)[J].电力科学与技术学报(Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology),2011,26(3):35-39.
[15]Han Wenhua,Shen Xiaohui,Hou Edwin,et al.Precision time synchronization control method for smart grid based on wolf colony algorithm[J].International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems,2016,78:816-822.
[16]侯洋,吉晓筱,卜京,等(Hou Yang,Ji Xiaoyou,Pu Jing,et al).基于偏最小二乘法的3/2接线方式下开关回路电阻在线评估方法(On-line evaluation of switchgear circuit resistance under 3/2 connection mode based on partial least squares method)[J].智能电网(Smart Grid),2016,4(6):554-558.
[17]葛彦鹏,崔凝,董丽丽,等(Ge Yanpeng,Cui Ning,Dong Lili,et al).基于偏最小二乘法的锅炉飞灰含碳质量分数预测模型研究(Study on PLS-based prediction model for mass fraction of carbon content in boiler fly ash)[J].发电设备(Power Equipment),2013,27(2):78-81.
[18]Pulford Graham W.Analysis of a nonlinear least squares procedure used in global positioning systems[J].IEEETrans on Signal Processing,2010,58(9):4526-4534.
[2]陈孟元,陈跃东(Chen Mengyuan,Chen Yuedong).基于高精度晶振同步北斗1pps的同步相量测量装置时钟源(Beidou 1 pps corrected by high-precision crystal oscillator for PMU)[J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment),2011,31(9):111-114.
[3]朱超,梅军,黄潇贻,等(Zhu Chao,Mei Jun,Huang Xiaoyi,et al).站域信息实时同步采集中同步采样时钟的设计(Design of synchronous sampling clock in realtime synchronous acquisition of substation area information)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2014,38(6):106-111.
[4]石峥,李永丽,宋金钊,等(Shi Zheng,Li Yongli,Song Jinzhao,et al).基于CAN总线的煤矿企业电网接地故障选线系统设计(Design of grounding fault line selection system for the power grid in coal mining industry based on CAN bus)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2018,30(5):21-27.
[5]曾祥君,尹项根,Li K K,等(Zeng Xiangjun,Yin Xianggen,Li K K,et al).GPS时钟在线监测与修正方法(Methods for monitoring and correcting GPS-clock)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2002,22(12):41-46.
[6]曾祥君,尹项根,林干,等(Zeng Xiangjun,Yin Xianggen,Lin Gan,et al).晶振信号同步GPS信号产生高精度时钟的方法及实现(Clock of high accuracy implemented by crystal oscillator in synchronism with GPS-clock)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2003,27(8):49-53,89.
[7]党晓圆,单庆晓,肖昌炎,等(Dang Xiaoyuan,Shan Qingxiao,Xiao Changyan,et al).基于GPS与北斗双模授时的压控晶振校频系统的研究与设计(Research on voltage-controlled crystal oscillator calibration based on GPS&BD double time service)[J].计算机测量与控制(Computer Measurement&Control),2009,17(11):2246-2248.
[8]张磊,黄海生,张斌(Zhang Lei,Huang Haisheng,Zhang Bin).基于FPGA的GPS时钟驯服电路设计与实现(Design and implementation of GPS clock tame circuit based on FPGA)[J].电子设计工程(Electronic Design Engineering),2014,22(11):61-64.
[9]李泽文,舒磊,邓丰,等(Li Zewen,Shu Lei,Deng Feng,et al).基于全数字锁相环的电力系统高精度同步时钟(Wholly DPLL-based synchronous clock with high precision for electric power system)[J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment),2015,35(7):32-36.
[10]Najvirt R,Steininger A.How to synchronize a pausible clock to a reference[C]//IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems.Mountain View,USA,2015:9-16.
[11]任震,张静伟,张晋昕(Ren Zhen,Zhang Jingwei,Zhang Jinxin).基于偏最小二乘法的设备故障率计算(Calculation of failure rate of power equipments based on partial least square method)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2005,29(5):12-15,42.
[12]李丽,马宏忠,姜宁,等(Li Li,Ma Hongzhong,Jiang Ning,et al).基于改进偏最小二乘法的系统谐波阻抗及谐波发射水平估算(Assessing harmonic impedance and the harmonic emission level based on improved partial least-squares regression method)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2011,39(1):92-95,131.
[13]王文圣,丁晶,赵玉龙,等(Wang Wensheng,Ding Jing,Zhao Yulong,et al).基于偏最小二乘回归的年用电量预测研究(Study on the long term prediction of annual electricity consumption using partial least square regressive model)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2003,23(10):17-21.
[14]李泽文,杨京俞,彭署蓉,等(Li Zewen,Yang Jingyu,Peng Shurong,et al).智能电网高精度时间同步方法(High precision time synchronization method for smart grid)[J].电力科学与技术学报(Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology),2011,26(3):35-39.
[15]Han Wenhua,Shen Xiaohui,Hou Edwin,et al.Precision time synchronization control method for smart grid based on wolf colony algorithm[J].International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems,2016,78:816-822.
[16]侯洋,吉晓筱,卜京,等(Hou Yang,Ji Xiaoyou,Pu Jing,et al).基于偏最小二乘法的3/2接线方式下开关回路电阻在线评估方法(On-line evaluation of switchgear circuit resistance under 3/2 connection mode based on partial least squares method)[J].智能电网(Smart Grid),2016,4(6):554-558.
[17]葛彦鹏,崔凝,董丽丽,等(Ge Yanpeng,Cui Ning,Dong Lili,et al).基于偏最小二乘法的锅炉飞灰含碳质量分数预测模型研究(Study on PLS-based prediction model for mass fraction of carbon content in boiler fly ash)[J].发电设备(Power Equipment),2013,27(2):78-81.
[18]Pulford Graham W.Analysis of a nonlinear least squares procedure used in global positioning systems[J].IEEETrans on Signal Processing,2010,58(9):4526-4534.
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