复合微生物菌剂与氨基酸水溶肥组合施用对香蕉土壤理化性质及微生物群落的影响
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摘要
为了研究复合微生物菌剂和氨基酸水溶肥组合施用后香蕉土壤性质及微生物群落结构变化,在海南省东方市开展香蕉大田试验,以组合施用复合微生物菌剂与氨基酸水溶肥为处理组,在香蕉的苗期、中期、孕蕾期各处理一次,以滴灌清水为对照组,全部处理结束30 d后进行土壤取样,测定土壤理化性状,并提取土壤DNA进行土壤微生物高通量测序,对比研究土壤性质及菌群的变化情况。结果如下:(1)处理组有效地改善了土壤养分,土壤有效磷和速效钾含量极显著上升(P<0.01);碱解氮显著增加(P<0.05);根结线虫数量显著下降(P<0.05)。(2)细菌测序结果表明,在目水平上,对照组土壤中细菌相对丰度≥2%的优势菌目在处理组土壤中都呈下降趋势;在属水平上,物种丰度≥1%的菌属中,处理组土壤的Rhodanobacter(罗丹杆菌属)、Sphingomonas(鞘氨醇单胞菌属)、Dyella(分类未定)的物种丰度都明显升高,其中Sphingomonas呈显著性升高。(3)真菌测序结果显示,处理组土壤中Colletotrichum(炭疽菌属)的丰度明显下降,但Penicillium(青霉菌属)的丰度有所升高。综上,采用复合微生物菌剂和氨基酸水溶肥组合处理,对土壤理化性状和微生物具有明显的改良和改善作用,有利于减少香蕉的病害发生。
In order to study changes of complex microbial communities structure and physical-chemical properties of banana soils after fertilization,an experiment was carried out in banana soils in Dongfang city of Hainan Province.Complex microbial and amino acid water soluble fertilizer together were used as a treatment group and dripped irrigation water was the control group,and the field management was same between two groups.The treatments were carried out on three stages including seeding stage,middle stage and bud stage.Soil samples were collected after all treatments completed 30 days later and analyzed to study the physic-chemical properties of soils.The soil DNA was extracted for bacterial and fungi diversity analysis by high-throughout sequencing technology.The results showed that:(1)The treatment group effectively improved the nutrient composition of the soil,and available phosphorus and available potassium were increased significantly(P<0.01). Alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen was increased too(P<0.05),the number of soil root-knot nematode was significantly decreased(P < 0.05).(2)From bacterial sequencing,in treatment group,relative abundance of bacterial of which ≥2%were in decline at the Order level and Rhodanobacter,Sphingomonas and Dyella which relative abundance were ≥1% were in decline at the Genus level.(3)From fungi sequencing,relative abundance of fungi Colletotrichum which were able to cause anthrax were declined in treatment group at the Genus level,while relative abundance of fungi Penicillium increased.It can be concluded that the combination of compound microbial fertilizer and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer can improve the soil physicochemical character and microorganism community structures,which is beneficial to the prevention banana disease.
In order to study changes of complex microbial communities structure and physical-chemical properties of banana soils after fertilization,an experiment was carried out in banana soils in Dongfang city of Hainan Province.Complex microbial and amino acid water soluble fertilizer together were used as a treatment group and dripped irrigation water was the control group,and the field management was same between two groups.The treatments were carried out on three stages including seeding stage,middle stage and bud stage.Soil samples were collected after all treatments completed 30 days later and analyzed to study the physic-chemical properties of soils.The soil DNA was extracted for bacterial and fungi diversity analysis by high-throughout sequencing technology.The results showed that:(1)The treatment group effectively improved the nutrient composition of the soil,and available phosphorus and available potassium were increased significantly(P<0.01). Alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen was increased too(P<0.05),the number of soil root-knot nematode was significantly decreased(P < 0.05).(2)From bacterial sequencing,in treatment group,relative abundance of bacterial of which ≥2%were in decline at the Order level and Rhodanobacter,Sphingomonas and Dyella which relative abundance were ≥1% were in decline at the Genus level.(3)From fungi sequencing,relative abundance of fungi Colletotrichum which were able to cause anthrax were declined in treatment group at the Genus level,while relative abundance of fungi Penicillium increased.It can be concluded that the combination of compound microbial fertilizer and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer can improve the soil physicochemical character and microorganism community structures,which is beneficial to the prevention banana disease.
引文
[1]高雪峰,韩国栋,张国刚.短花针茅荒漠草原土壤微生物群落组成及结构[J].生态学报,2017,37(15):5129-5136.
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[9]张曼丽,李鹏,陈剑山,等.复合微生物菌剂对设施栽培哈密瓜土壤根结线虫的抑制效果[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(11):59-61.
[10]郭永霞,金永玲.蔬菜根结线虫综合防治研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(3):376-379.
[11]秦公伟,李文丽,王富.番茄根结线虫的危害与防治[J].北方园艺,2006,(2):132-133.
[12]Sasser J N,Freckman D W.A world perspective on neamtology:the role of the society[J].National Agricultural Library,1987,60(4):1103-1106.
[13]刘峰,慕卫,张博,等.杀虫杀线剂防治蔬菜根结线虫病药效与安全性评价[J].农药,2002,41(12):29-31.
[14]李戌清,郑经武,郑积荣,等.几种药剂对黄瓜根结线虫的田间防效试验[J].长江蔬菜,2012,(12):72-74.
[15]吕伟成.香蕉枯萎病菌生理小种检测技术研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2009.1-16.
[16]Nacke H,Thürmer A,Wollherr A,et al.Pyrosequencingbased assessment of bacterial community structure along different management types in German forest and grassland soils[J].PLoS One,2011,6(2):e17000.
[17]戴雅婷,闫志坚,解继红,等.基于高通量测序的两种植被恢复类型根际土壤细菌多样性研究[J].土壤学报,2017,54(3):735-748.
[18]滕齐辉,曹慧,崔中利,等.太湖地区典型菜地土壤微生物16S rDNA的PCR-RFLP分析[J].生物多样性,2006,14(4):345-351.
[19]寇文伯,黄正云,张杰,等.鄱阳湖湖泊细菌群落组成及结构——以松门山为例[J].生态学报,2015,35(23):7608-7614.
[20]赵爱花,杜晓军,臧婧宝,等.天曼落叶阔叶林土壤细菌多样性[J].生物多样性,2015,23(5):649-657.
[21]Shen C,Xiong J,Zhang H,et al.Soil pH drives the spatial distribution of bacterial communities along elevation on Changbai Mountain[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2013,57:204-211.
[22]Dion P,Nautiyal C S.Microbiology of extreme soils[J].Berlin Heidelberg,Springer,2008,13:45-70.
[23]王光华,刘俊杰,于镇华,等.土壤酸杆菌门细菌生态学研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2016,32(2):14-20.
[24]何苑皞,周国英,王圣洁,等.杉木人工林土壤真菌遗传多样性[J].生态学报,2014,34(10):2725-2736.
[25]韩长志.炭疽菌属真菌分类研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(6):24-30.
[26]罗清,彭程,叶波平.青霉属真菌研究新进展[J].药物生物技术,2016,(5):452-456.
[2]Sharma S K,Ramesh A,Sharma M P,et al.Microbial community structure and diversity as indicators for evaluating soil quality[J].Biodiversity,Biofuels,Agroforestry and Conservation Agriculture,2010,5:317-358.
[3]高雪峰,张功,卢萍.内蒙古荒漠草原土壤微生物的分布特征及季节动态变化研究[J].内蒙古师范大学学报(自然科学汉文版),2007,36(4):484-487.
[4]Jacobsen C S,Hjelms M H.Agricultural soils,pesticides and microbial diversity[J].Current Opinion in Biotechnology,2014,27(5):15-20.
[5]韩腾,张立猛,高加明,等.枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)Tpb55灌根与烟草根围细菌多样性变化的相关性[J].微生物学报,52016,6(5):835-845.
[6]韩亚飞,伊文慧,王文波,等.基于高通量测序技术的连作杨树人工林土壤细菌多样性研究[J].山东大学学报(理学版),2014,49(5):1-6.
[7]陈剑山,李鹏,张曼丽,等.氨基酸水溶肥与微生物菌剂混用抑制豇豆枯萎病的效果[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(8):52-53.
[8]Shang Z H,Ding L L,Long R J,et al.Relationship between soil microorganisms,above-ground vegetation,and soil environment of degraded alpine meadows in the headwater areas of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2007,16(1):34-40.
[9]张曼丽,李鹏,陈剑山,等.复合微生物菌剂对设施栽培哈密瓜土壤根结线虫的抑制效果[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(11):59-61.
[10]郭永霞,金永玲.蔬菜根结线虫综合防治研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(3):376-379.
[11]秦公伟,李文丽,王富.番茄根结线虫的危害与防治[J].北方园艺,2006,(2):132-133.
[12]Sasser J N,Freckman D W.A world perspective on neamtology:the role of the society[J].National Agricultural Library,1987,60(4):1103-1106.
[13]刘峰,慕卫,张博,等.杀虫杀线剂防治蔬菜根结线虫病药效与安全性评价[J].农药,2002,41(12):29-31.
[14]李戌清,郑经武,郑积荣,等.几种药剂对黄瓜根结线虫的田间防效试验[J].长江蔬菜,2012,(12):72-74.
[15]吕伟成.香蕉枯萎病菌生理小种检测技术研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2009.1-16.
[16]Nacke H,Thürmer A,Wollherr A,et al.Pyrosequencingbased assessment of bacterial community structure along different management types in German forest and grassland soils[J].PLoS One,2011,6(2):e17000.
[17]戴雅婷,闫志坚,解继红,等.基于高通量测序的两种植被恢复类型根际土壤细菌多样性研究[J].土壤学报,2017,54(3):735-748.
[18]滕齐辉,曹慧,崔中利,等.太湖地区典型菜地土壤微生物16S rDNA的PCR-RFLP分析[J].生物多样性,2006,14(4):345-351.
[19]寇文伯,黄正云,张杰,等.鄱阳湖湖泊细菌群落组成及结构——以松门山为例[J].生态学报,2015,35(23):7608-7614.
[20]赵爱花,杜晓军,臧婧宝,等.天曼落叶阔叶林土壤细菌多样性[J].生物多样性,2015,23(5):649-657.
[21]Shen C,Xiong J,Zhang H,et al.Soil pH drives the spatial distribution of bacterial communities along elevation on Changbai Mountain[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2013,57:204-211.
[22]Dion P,Nautiyal C S.Microbiology of extreme soils[J].Berlin Heidelberg,Springer,2008,13:45-70.
[23]王光华,刘俊杰,于镇华,等.土壤酸杆菌门细菌生态学研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2016,32(2):14-20.
[24]何苑皞,周国英,王圣洁,等.杉木人工林土壤真菌遗传多样性[J].生态学报,2014,34(10):2725-2736.
[25]韩长志.炭疽菌属真菌分类研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(6):24-30.
[26]罗清,彭程,叶波平.青霉属真菌研究新进展[J].药物生物技术,2016,(5):452-456.
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