饲料碳水化合物水平对洛氏鱥消化酶和糖代谢酶活性的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究饲料中不同碳水化合物水平对洛氏鱥(Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski)消化酶和糖代谢酶活性的影响。【方法】以初始体质量为(7.64±0.04)g/尾的洛氏鱥幼鱼为研究对象,以鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕和棉粕为蛋白源,玉米油和鱼油为脂肪源,糊精为碳水化合物,配制5种等氮(360.0g/kg)、等脂肪(60.0g/kg)、碳水化合物水平分别为0.0%(对照组),10.0%,16.0%,22.0%,28.0%(均为质量分数)的试验饲料,在控温养殖系统中进行8周饲养试验。饲养试验结束后,测定洛氏鱥肝胰脏和肠道淀粉酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶及糖代谢酶活性和肝糖原含量。【结果】在本试验条件下,随着饲料碳水化合物水平的升高,洛氏鱥肝胰脏、前肠、中肠和后肠蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势。10.0%,16.0%和22.0%组肝胰脏蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而28.0%组显著低于对照组(P<0.05);10.0%,16.0%,22.0%和28.0%组前肠、中肠和后肠蛋白酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。10.0%和16.0%组肝胰脏淀粉酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),22.0%和28.0%组显著低于对照组(P<0.05);前肠和后肠淀粉酶活性以22.0%组最高,且10.0%,16.0%,22.0%和28.0%组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),中肠淀粉酶活性以16.0%组最高,且16.0%和22.0%组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);而10.0%组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),28.0%组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。22.0%组洛氏鱥肝胰脏和肠道脂肪酶活性均最高,且10.0%,16.0%,22.0%和28.0%组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。洛氏鱥肝胰脏己糖激酶、丙酮酸激酶、果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶活性及肝糖原含量均随着饲料碳水化合物水平的升高呈先升高后下降趋势。饲料碳水化合物水平为16.0%和22.0%时,洛氏鱥肝胰脏己糖激酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而10.0%和28.0%组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);丙酮酸激酶活性在饲料碳水化合物水平为22.0%时达到最高值,16.0%,22.0%和28.0%组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而10.0%组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶活性在饲料碳水化合物水平为16.0%和22.0%时显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而10.0%和28.0%组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);肝糖原含量则在饲料碳水化合物水平为22.0%和28.0%时显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而10.0%和16.0%组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】从消化及糖代谢角度看,洛氏鱥利用饲料中碳水化合物的适宜水平在16.0%～22.0%。
【Objective】The effects of different dietary carbohydrate levels on activities of digestive enzymes and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski were investigated.【Method】Juvenile Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski with initial weight of(7.64±0.04)g were assigned to five treatment groups and fed on five isonitrogenous(360.0 g/kg)and equal lipid(60.0 g/kg)diet with carbohydrate levels of 0.0%(the control),10.0%,16.0%,22.0%,and 28.0%,respectively.The experiment was conducted in a temperature control breeding system for 8 weeks.The diet used fish meal,soybean,rapeseed meal and cottonseed meal as protein source,corn oil and fish oil as fat source,and dextrin as carbohydrates.After the feeding trial,the activities of hepatopancreas,lipase and amylase in intestine were determined using the kit,the activities of protease were determined by folin-phenol,and the activities of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes and the content of the liver glycogen in hepatopancreas were determined using the kit.【Result】In this experiment,with the increase of dietary carbohydrate level,the protease activities in hepatopancreas,foregut,midgut and hindgut,amylase activities and lipase activities increased firstly and then decreased.Hepatopancreas protease activities of groups 10.0%,16.0% and 22.0% were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),while the group 28.0% was significantly lower.The protease activities in foregut,midgut and hindgut of groups 10.0%,16.0%,22.0%and 28.0% were significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).The amylase activities of hepatopancreas in groups 10.0%and 16.0% were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),while groups 22.0% and 28.0%were significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).The amylase activities in foregut and hindgut of group 22.0% were the highest,and groups 10.0%,16.0%,22.0% and 28.0% were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The amylase activities in midgut of group 16.0% were the highest,and groups 16.0%and 22.0% were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The difference between group 10.0%and the control group was not significant(P>0.05),and that of group 28.0%was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The lipase activities in hepatopancreas and intestine of group 22.0% were the highest,and that in hepatopancreas,foregut,midgut and hindgut of groups 10.0%,16.0%,22.0% and 28.0% were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).With the increase of the dietary carbohydrate level,the activities of hexokinase,pyruvate kinase,and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatasein hepatopancreas and the original content of glycogen firstly increased and then decreased.When dietary carbohydrate levels were 16.0% and 22.0%,hexokinase activities in hepatopancreas were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),while hexokinase activities in hepatopancreas in groups 10.0% and 28.0% had no significant difference with control group(P>0.05).Pyruvate kinase activities reached the maximum in group 22.0%,and the activities in groups 16.0%,22.0% and28.0% were significantly higher than in the control group(P<0.05),while group 10.0%and the control group had no significant difference(P>0.05).Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase activities of groups 16.0%and22.0% were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),while groups 10.0% and 28.0%had no significant difference with the control group(P>0.05).The original contents of glycogen of groups22.0%and 28.0% were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),while groups10.0%and 16.0% had no significant difference with the control group(P>0.05).【Conclusion】According to the digestive enzymes activities and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes activities of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski,the suggested suitable carbohydrate level was 16.0%-22.0%in formulated diets.
【Objective】The effects of different dietary carbohydrate levels on activities of digestive enzymes and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski were investigated.【Method】Juvenile Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski with initial weight of(7.64±0.04)g were assigned to five treatment groups and fed on five isonitrogenous(360.0 g/kg)and equal lipid(60.0 g/kg)diet with carbohydrate levels of 0.0%(the control),10.0%,16.0%,22.0%,and 28.0%,respectively.The experiment was conducted in a temperature control breeding system for 8 weeks.The diet used fish meal,soybean,rapeseed meal and cottonseed meal as protein source,corn oil and fish oil as fat source,and dextrin as carbohydrates.After the feeding trial,the activities of hepatopancreas,lipase and amylase in intestine were determined using the kit,the activities of protease were determined by folin-phenol,and the activities of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes and the content of the liver glycogen in hepatopancreas were determined using the kit.【Result】In this experiment,with the increase of dietary carbohydrate level,the protease activities in hepatopancreas,foregut,midgut and hindgut,amylase activities and lipase activities increased firstly and then decreased.Hepatopancreas protease activities of groups 10.0%,16.0% and 22.0% were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),while the group 28.0% was significantly lower.The protease activities in foregut,midgut and hindgut of groups 10.0%,16.0%,22.0%and 28.0% were significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).The amylase activities of hepatopancreas in groups 10.0%and 16.0% were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),while groups 22.0% and 28.0%were significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).The amylase activities in foregut and hindgut of group 22.0% were the highest,and groups 10.0%,16.0%,22.0% and 28.0% were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The amylase activities in midgut of group 16.0% were the highest,and groups 16.0%and 22.0% were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The difference between group 10.0%and the control group was not significant(P>0.05),and that of group 28.0%was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The lipase activities in hepatopancreas and intestine of group 22.0% were the highest,and that in hepatopancreas,foregut,midgut and hindgut of groups 10.0%,16.0%,22.0% and 28.0% were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).With the increase of the dietary carbohydrate level,the activities of hexokinase,pyruvate kinase,and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatasein hepatopancreas and the original content of glycogen firstly increased and then decreased.When dietary carbohydrate levels were 16.0% and 22.0%,hexokinase activities in hepatopancreas were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),while hexokinase activities in hepatopancreas in groups 10.0% and 28.0% had no significant difference with control group(P>0.05).Pyruvate kinase activities reached the maximum in group 22.0%,and the activities in groups 16.0%,22.0% and28.0% were significantly higher than in the control group(P<0.05),while group 10.0%and the control group had no significant difference(P>0.05).Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase activities of groups 16.0%and22.0% were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),while groups 10.0% and 28.0%had no significant difference with the control group(P>0.05).The original contents of glycogen of groups22.0%and 28.0% were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),while groups10.0%and 16.0% had no significant difference with the control group(P>0.05).【Conclusion】According to the digestive enzymes activities and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes activities of Rhynchocypris lagowskii Dybowski,the suggested suitable carbohydrate level was 16.0%-22.0%in formulated diets.
引文
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[8]聂琴,苗惠君,苗淑彦,等.不同糖源及糖水平对大菱鲆糖代谢酶活性的影响[J].水生生物学报,2013,37(3):425-433.Nie Q,Miao H J,Miao S Y,et al.Effects of different sugar sources and sugar levels on activities of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes in turbot[J].Journal of Hydrobiology,2013,37(3):425-433.
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