内蒙古冷凉地区草莓苗的~(15)N吸收和分配特性
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摘要
以"红颜"草莓苗为试材,采用~(15)N同位素示踪的方法,研究了不同等级草莓苗以及草莓苗母株和子苗间的~(15)N吸收、分配规律,以期为内蒙古冷凉地区草莓苗氮素营养管理措施提供参考。结果表明:草莓苗地上部的~(15)N征调能力强于根系。草莓苗对~(15)N征调能力的强弱顺序为母株>一级子苗>二级子苗>三级子苗。切断匍匐茎后,母株地上部、根系和整个植株的~(15)N分配率显著升高,需分配到子苗中的氮素转而分配至母株本身各器官中,子苗对~(15)N的征调能力减弱,尤其是一级子苗的干物质质量、Ndff、~(15)N分配率和~(15)N利用率均显著降低。氮素营养通过匍匐茎在母株和子苗间可相互转运分配,母株转运至子苗的氮素供应量高于子苗转运至母株的氮素供应量。
Seedling of ‘Hongyan' strawberry was taken as material.Based on the technique of stable isotope ~(15)N labelled urea,the characteristics of ~(15)N absorption and distribution of different kinds of strawberry seedlings in cold region of Inner Mongolia were researched in this study,to provide reference for N nutrition management in cold region area.The results showed that,the aerial part of strawberry seedlings exhibited the stronger capacity of ~(15)N acquisition than that of root.The capacity of ~(15)N acquisition in different types strawberry seedlings was different,and in order,mother plants>primary seedlings>secondary seedlings>tertiary seedlings.Furthermore,we verified that the mother plants and the newly formed asexual plant(runner plants) showed different responses to stolon severing.The ~(15)N distribution to the aerial part,root and the entire plant of mother plants all increased significantly.As well as,the nitrogen that should have been allocated to the runner plants was transferred to the organs of the mother plants themselves.The capacity of ~(15)N acquisition became weaker in the three types of runner plants after stolon severed,especially for primary seedlings.The dry matter weight,Ndff, ~(15)N distribution and utilization of the primary seedlings all decreased
Seedling of ‘Hongyan' strawberry was taken as material.Based on the technique of stable isotope ~(15)N labelled urea,the characteristics of ~(15)N absorption and distribution of different kinds of strawberry seedlings in cold region of Inner Mongolia were researched in this study,to provide reference for N nutrition management in cold region area.The results showed that,the aerial part of strawberry seedlings exhibited the stronger capacity of ~(15)N acquisition than that of root.The capacity of ~(15)N acquisition in different types strawberry seedlings was different,and in order,mother plants>primary seedlings>secondary seedlings>tertiary seedlings.Furthermore,we verified that the mother plants and the newly formed asexual plant(runner plants) showed different responses to stolon severing.The ~(15)N distribution to the aerial part,root and the entire plant of mother plants all increased significantly.As well as,the nitrogen that should have been allocated to the runner plants was transferred to the organs of the mother plants themselves.The capacity of ~(15)N acquisition became weaker in the three types of runner plants after stolon severed,especially for primary seedlings.The dry matter weight,Ndff, ~(15)N distribution and utilization of the primary seedlings all decreased
引文
[1] 张玉星.果树栽培学各论[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2012.
[2] DOUGLAS D A.Nitrogen availability and fruiting influence nitrogen cycling in strawberry[J].Amer Soc Hort Sci,1997,122(1):134-139.
[3] GARIGLIO N F,PILARTI R A,BALDI B L.Using nitrogen balance to calculate fertilizer in strawberries[J].Hort Techonlogy,2000,10(1):147-150.
[4] 陈春宏,汪寅虎,柯福源,等.草莓吸肥特点和施肥技术研究[J].上海农业学报,1997,13(4):67-70.
[5] 郭英燕,姜远茂,彭福田.保护地草莓不同追肥时期 15N吸收利用特点初探[J].园艺学报,2003,30(5):574-576.
[6] 彭福田,张青,姜远茂,等.不同施氮处理对草莓氮素吸收分配及产量差异的研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(3):400-405.
[7] 陈贵林,赵瑞森,葛会波,等.草莓体内氮磷钾分配动态研究[J].河北农业大学学报,1999,22(4):62-64.
[8] 顾曼如,束怀瑞,周宏伟.苹果氮素营养研究Ⅳ.贮藏15N 的运转、分配特性[J].园艺学报,1986,13(1):25-30.
[9] 顾曼如. 15N在苹果氮素营养研究中的应用[J].中国果树,1990(2):46-48.
[10] ROSECRANCE R C,JOHNSON R S,WEINBAUM S A.The effect of timing of post-harvest foliar urea sprays on nitrogen absorption and partitioning in peach and nectarine trees[J].J Hort Sci Biotech,1998,73(6):856-861.
[11] 潘瑞炽.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008.
[12] NEUWEILER R.Nitrogen fertilizer in integrated outdoor strawberry produetion[J].Acta Hort,1997,439(2):747-751.
[13] 孙聪伟,褚凤杰,杨丽丽,等.施氮量对嘎啦幼苗 15N、13C分配利用特性影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(2):431-438.
[14] HERMANS C,HAMMOND J P,WHITE P J,et al.How do plants respond to nutrient shortage by biomass allocation[J].Trends Plant Sci,2006,11(12):610-617.
[15] BOUSSADIA O,STEPPE K,ZGALLAI H,et al.Effects of nitrogen deficiency on leaf photosynthesis,carbohydrate status and biomass production in two olive cultivars ‘Meski’ and ‘Koroneiki’[J].Sci Hortic-amsterdam,2010,123:336-342.
[16] GLASS A D M.Nitrogen use efficiency of crop plants:Physiological constraints upon nitrogen absorption[J].Crit Rev Plant Sci,2003,22:453-470.
[17] 钱永强,孙振元,韩蕾,等.野牛草相连分株对异质水分环境的生理响应及其调控[C].中国观赏园艺研究进展,2010:495-501.
[18] 武维华.植物生理学[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2008.
[19] ALPERT P,MOONEY H A.Resource sharing among ramets in the clonal herb,Fragaria chiloensis[J].Oecologia,1986,70:227-233.
[20] ALPERT P,HOLZAPFEL C,BENSON J M.Hormonal modification of resource sharing in the clonal plant Fragaria chiloensis[J].Funct Ecol,2002(16):191-197.
[21] 王昱生,洪锐民,黄大明,等.羊草种群克隆分株之间光合产物的转移[J].生态学报,2004,24(5):900-907.
[22] 陈劲松,董鸣,于丹,等.资源交互斑块性生境中2种不同分枝型匍匐茎植物的克隆内分工[J].生态学报,2004,24(5):920-924.
[23] 毛舒燕,刘东焕,姜闯道,等.水分胁迫条件下草莓克隆分株间水分调控及其对光合功能的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(12):6446-6457.
[2] DOUGLAS D A.Nitrogen availability and fruiting influence nitrogen cycling in strawberry[J].Amer Soc Hort Sci,1997,122(1):134-139.
[3] GARIGLIO N F,PILARTI R A,BALDI B L.Using nitrogen balance to calculate fertilizer in strawberries[J].Hort Techonlogy,2000,10(1):147-150.
[4] 陈春宏,汪寅虎,柯福源,等.草莓吸肥特点和施肥技术研究[J].上海农业学报,1997,13(4):67-70.
[5] 郭英燕,姜远茂,彭福田.保护地草莓不同追肥时期 15N吸收利用特点初探[J].园艺学报,2003,30(5):574-576.
[6] 彭福田,张青,姜远茂,等.不同施氮处理对草莓氮素吸收分配及产量差异的研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(3):400-405.
[7] 陈贵林,赵瑞森,葛会波,等.草莓体内氮磷钾分配动态研究[J].河北农业大学学报,1999,22(4):62-64.
[8] 顾曼如,束怀瑞,周宏伟.苹果氮素营养研究Ⅳ.贮藏15N 的运转、分配特性[J].园艺学报,1986,13(1):25-30.
[9] 顾曼如. 15N在苹果氮素营养研究中的应用[J].中国果树,1990(2):46-48.
[10] ROSECRANCE R C,JOHNSON R S,WEINBAUM S A.The effect of timing of post-harvest foliar urea sprays on nitrogen absorption and partitioning in peach and nectarine trees[J].J Hort Sci Biotech,1998,73(6):856-861.
[11] 潘瑞炽.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008.
[12] NEUWEILER R.Nitrogen fertilizer in integrated outdoor strawberry produetion[J].Acta Hort,1997,439(2):747-751.
[13] 孙聪伟,褚凤杰,杨丽丽,等.施氮量对嘎啦幼苗 15N、13C分配利用特性影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(2):431-438.
[14] HERMANS C,HAMMOND J P,WHITE P J,et al.How do plants respond to nutrient shortage by biomass allocation[J].Trends Plant Sci,2006,11(12):610-617.
[15] BOUSSADIA O,STEPPE K,ZGALLAI H,et al.Effects of nitrogen deficiency on leaf photosynthesis,carbohydrate status and biomass production in two olive cultivars ‘Meski’ and ‘Koroneiki’[J].Sci Hortic-amsterdam,2010,123:336-342.
[16] GLASS A D M.Nitrogen use efficiency of crop plants:Physiological constraints upon nitrogen absorption[J].Crit Rev Plant Sci,2003,22:453-470.
[17] 钱永强,孙振元,韩蕾,等.野牛草相连分株对异质水分环境的生理响应及其调控[C].中国观赏园艺研究进展,2010:495-501.
[18] 武维华.植物生理学[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2008.
[19] ALPERT P,MOONEY H A.Resource sharing among ramets in the clonal herb,Fragaria chiloensis[J].Oecologia,1986,70:227-233.
[20] ALPERT P,HOLZAPFEL C,BENSON J M.Hormonal modification of resource sharing in the clonal plant Fragaria chiloensis[J].Funct Ecol,2002(16):191-197.
[21] 王昱生,洪锐民,黄大明,等.羊草种群克隆分株之间光合产物的转移[J].生态学报,2004,24(5):900-907.
[22] 陈劲松,董鸣,于丹,等.资源交互斑块性生境中2种不同分枝型匍匐茎植物的克隆内分工[J].生态学报,2004,24(5):920-924.
[23] 毛舒燕,刘东焕,姜闯道,等.水分胁迫条件下草莓克隆分株间水分调控及其对光合功能的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(12):6446-6457.
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