考虑救援队伍特征的最优调度策略研究
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摘要
救援队伍作为一类特殊的应急资源,在灾害救援中发挥着至关重要的作用。针对传统指派模型的不足,建立了一个考虑救援队伍特征的集成优化模型。首先,定义了救援队伍的属性,并引入救援队伍与灾情相匹配的效用矩阵,满足受灾点对不同能力救援队伍的需求;其次根据"Burden-Benefit accord"原则提出了灾情优先、距离优先、兼顾灾情和距离三种优先调度策略,探讨救援队伍运送优先级对救援时间和救援效果的影响;然后针对模型编码复杂的问题,设计了相应的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)对模型进行求解;在此基础上通过C-METRIC指标和模糊逻辑方法选取最佳调度方案;最后,以汶川地震的应急救援情况构造了两组算例,结果表明:在应急调度过程中考虑救援队伍特征是合理的,并且采用优先调度策略的效果明显优于其他方案,但具体采用何种优先调度策略要根据不同灾情允许的最大救援时间来确定。
As a kind of special emergency resource, rescue workers play an important role in disaster relief. In order to overcome the defects of traditional assignment models, a multi-objective model is proposed with the rescue team's characteristics taken into consideration. Firstly, based on the definition of rescue team's attributes, a utility matrix is developed to meet the disaster needs of different rescue teams. Secondly, three priority scheduling strategies are defined in accordance with the principle of "Burden-Benefit accord", and the influence of three priority scheduling strategies on rescue time and rescue effect are analyzed. Furthermore, the designed NSGA-II, CMETRIC and fuzzy logic methods are developed to solve the above model. Finally, a case of emergency rescue in Wenchuan earthquake is conducted to illustrate the efficiency and advantages of the proposed method. The results show that in the process of disaster relief, it is reasonable that considering the characteristics of rescue team, and the three priority scheduling strategies outperform the others, however, which of these three priority strategies is most appropriate for the specific disaster situation depends on the maximum rescue time allowed by the disaster.
As a kind of special emergency resource, rescue workers play an important role in disaster relief. In order to overcome the defects of traditional assignment models, a multi-objective model is proposed with the rescue team's characteristics taken into consideration. Firstly, based on the definition of rescue team's attributes, a utility matrix is developed to meet the disaster needs of different rescue teams. Secondly, three priority scheduling strategies are defined in accordance with the principle of "Burden-Benefit accord", and the influence of three priority scheduling strategies on rescue time and rescue effect are analyzed. Furthermore, the designed NSGA-II, CMETRIC and fuzzy logic methods are developed to solve the above model. Finally, a case of emergency rescue in Wenchuan earthquake is conducted to illustrate the efficiency and advantages of the proposed method. The results show that in the process of disaster relief, it is reasonable that considering the characteristics of rescue team, and the three priority scheduling strategies outperform the others, however, which of these three priority strategies is most appropriate for the specific disaster situation depends on the maximum rescue time allowed by the disaster.
引文
[1] 李双琳,马祖军. 震后交通管制下多出救点应急物资调运问题[J]. 管理科学学报, 2014,17(5):1-13
[2] Wex F., Schryen G., Neumann D. Assignments of Collaborative Rescue Units during Emergency Response[J]. International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, 2013,5(4):63-80
[3] Zhang J. H., Li J., Liu Z. P. Multiple-resource and Multiple-depot Emergency Response Problem Considering Secondary Disasters[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2012,39(12):11066-11071
[4] Sheu J. B. An Emergency Logistics Distribution Approach for Quick Response to Urgent Relief Demand in Disasters[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2007,43(6):687-709
[5] Rawls C. G., Turnquist M. A. Pre-positioning of Emergency Supplies for Disaster Response[J]. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 2010,44(4):521-534
[6] Campbell A. M., Jones P. C. Prepositioning Supplies in Preparation for Disasters[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2011,209(2):156-165
[7] Rawls C. G., Turnquist M. A. Pre-positioning and Dynamic Delivery Planning for Short-term Response Following a Natural Disaster[J]. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 2012,46(1):46-54
[8] 周愉峰,马祖军,王恪铭. 应急物资储备库的可靠性P-中位选址模型[J]. 管理评论, 2015,27(5):198-208
[9] 杨继君,佘廉. 面向多灾点需求的应急资源调度博弈模型及优化[J]. 中国管理科学, 2016,24(8):154-163
[10] Vitoriano B., Ortuňo M. T., Tirado G., et al. AMulti-criteria Optimization Model for Humanitarian Aid Distribution[J]. Journal of Global Optimization, 2011,51(2):189-208
[11] Najafi M., Eshghi K., Dullaert W. A Multi-objective Robust Optimization Model for Logistics Planning in the Earthquake Response Phase[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2013,49(1):217-249
[12] 张永彬,王坚,王超,等. 基于SAPSO算法的人群疏散模型研究[J]. 管理评论, 2016,28(8):152-157
[13] Joo J., Kim N., Wysk R. A., et al. Agent-based Simulation of Affordance-based Human Behaviors in Emergency Evacuation[J]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 2013,32(2):99-115
[14] 代颖,马祖军,郑斌. 突发公共事件应急系统中的模糊多目标定位-路径问题研究[J]. 管理评论, 2010,22(1):121-128
[15] Huang M., Smilowitz K., Balcik B. Models for Relief Routing: Equity, Efficiency and Efficacy[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2012,48(1):2-18
[16] Ju Y., Wang A., Liu X. Evaluating Emergency Response Capacity by Fuzzy AHP and 2-tuple Fuzzy Linguistic Approach[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2012,39(8):6972-6981
[17] 周玲,宿洁,杨华东. 汶川地震灾情与应急广播报道的契合度研究:以中央台《汶川紧急救援》应急物资报道为例[J]. 管理评论, 2016,28(8):87-98
[18] Camacho-Vallejo J. F., González-Rodríguez E., Almaguer F. J., et al. A Bi-level Optimization Model for Aid Distribution after the Occurrence of a Disaster[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015,105(15):134-145
[19] Huang K., Jiang Y., Yuan Y., et al. Modeling Multiple Humanitarian Objectives in Emergency Response to Large-scale Disasters[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2015,75(10):1-17
[20] Sheu J. B. Dynamic Relief-demand Management for Emergency Logistics Operations under Large-scale Disasters[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2010,46(1):1-17
[21] 王旭坪,马超,阮俊虎. 运力受限的应急物资动态调度模型及算法[J]. 系统工程理论与实践, 2013,33(6):1492-1500
[22] 马祖军,郑斌,李双琳. 应急物资配送中带中转设施的选址-联运问题[J]. 管理评论, 2013,25(10):166-176
[23] Sung I., Lee T. Optimal Allocation of Emergency Medical Resources in a Mass Casualty Incident: Patient Prioritization by Column Generation[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2016,252(2):623-634
[24] 方磊,夏雨,杨月明,等. 面向突发性自然灾害的救济供应链研究述评与未来展望[J]. 管理评论, 2016,28(8):238-249
[25] Wex F., Schryen G., Feuerriegel S., et al. Emergency Response in Natural Disaster Management: Allocation and Scheduling of Rescue Units[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2014,235(3):697-708
[26] Falasca M., Zobel C. An Optimization Model for Volunteer Assignments in Humanitarian Organizations[J]. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 2012,46(4):250-260
[27] 袁媛,樊治平,刘洋. 突发事件应急救援人员的调配模型研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2013,21(2):152-156
[28] 张雷,马璐,元昌安. 应急救援多目标时限指派模型[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2012,22(6):170-176
[29] 张雷,元昌安,马璐. 考虑优先权的地震灾害时限应急救援指派模型[J]. 计算机应用研究, 2013,30(5):1439-1442
[30] Marsh M. T., Schilling D. A. Equity Measurement in Facility Location Analysis: A Review and Framework[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 1994,74(1):1-17
[31] 郭晓萱,李红玉,孙培阳,等. 灾害救援中护理人员岗位胜任力指标体系的构建[J]. 护理学杂志, 2013,28(3):45-47
[32] Deb K., Pratap A., Agarwal S., et al. A Fast and Elitist Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm: NSGA-II[J]. Evolutionary Computation, IEEE Transactions on, 2002,6(2):182-197
[33] 王海军,杜丽敬,马士华. 震后应急物流系统中双目标开放式选址:路径问题模型与算法研究[J]. 管理工程学报, 2016,30(2):108-115
[34] Deb K. Multi-objective Optimization using Evolutionary Algorithms[M]. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2001
[35] Zitzler E., Thiele L. Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms: A Comparative Case Study and the Strength Pareto Approach[J]. Evolutionary Computation, IEEE Transactions on, 1999,3(4):257-271
[36] Abido M. A. Environmental/economic Power Dispatch Using Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms: A Comparative Study[J]. Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on, 2003,18(4):1529-1537
[37] 朱健刚,赖伟军. “不完全合作”:NGO联合行动策略以“5·12”汶川地震NGO联合救灾为例[J]. 社会, 2014,34(4):187-209
[2] Wex F., Schryen G., Neumann D. Assignments of Collaborative Rescue Units during Emergency Response[J]. International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, 2013,5(4):63-80
[3] Zhang J. H., Li J., Liu Z. P. Multiple-resource and Multiple-depot Emergency Response Problem Considering Secondary Disasters[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2012,39(12):11066-11071
[4] Sheu J. B. An Emergency Logistics Distribution Approach for Quick Response to Urgent Relief Demand in Disasters[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2007,43(6):687-709
[5] Rawls C. G., Turnquist M. A. Pre-positioning of Emergency Supplies for Disaster Response[J]. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 2010,44(4):521-534
[6] Campbell A. M., Jones P. C. Prepositioning Supplies in Preparation for Disasters[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2011,209(2):156-165
[7] Rawls C. G., Turnquist M. A. Pre-positioning and Dynamic Delivery Planning for Short-term Response Following a Natural Disaster[J]. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 2012,46(1):46-54
[8] 周愉峰,马祖军,王恪铭. 应急物资储备库的可靠性P-中位选址模型[J]. 管理评论, 2015,27(5):198-208
[9] 杨继君,佘廉. 面向多灾点需求的应急资源调度博弈模型及优化[J]. 中国管理科学, 2016,24(8):154-163
[10] Vitoriano B., Ortuňo M. T., Tirado G., et al. AMulti-criteria Optimization Model for Humanitarian Aid Distribution[J]. Journal of Global Optimization, 2011,51(2):189-208
[11] Najafi M., Eshghi K., Dullaert W. A Multi-objective Robust Optimization Model for Logistics Planning in the Earthquake Response Phase[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2013,49(1):217-249
[12] 张永彬,王坚,王超,等. 基于SAPSO算法的人群疏散模型研究[J]. 管理评论, 2016,28(8):152-157
[13] Joo J., Kim N., Wysk R. A., et al. Agent-based Simulation of Affordance-based Human Behaviors in Emergency Evacuation[J]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 2013,32(2):99-115
[14] 代颖,马祖军,郑斌. 突发公共事件应急系统中的模糊多目标定位-路径问题研究[J]. 管理评论, 2010,22(1):121-128
[15] Huang M., Smilowitz K., Balcik B. Models for Relief Routing: Equity, Efficiency and Efficacy[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2012,48(1):2-18
[16] Ju Y., Wang A., Liu X. Evaluating Emergency Response Capacity by Fuzzy AHP and 2-tuple Fuzzy Linguistic Approach[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2012,39(8):6972-6981
[17] 周玲,宿洁,杨华东. 汶川地震灾情与应急广播报道的契合度研究:以中央台《汶川紧急救援》应急物资报道为例[J]. 管理评论, 2016,28(8):87-98
[18] Camacho-Vallejo J. F., González-Rodríguez E., Almaguer F. J., et al. A Bi-level Optimization Model for Aid Distribution after the Occurrence of a Disaster[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015,105(15):134-145
[19] Huang K., Jiang Y., Yuan Y., et al. Modeling Multiple Humanitarian Objectives in Emergency Response to Large-scale Disasters[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2015,75(10):1-17
[20] Sheu J. B. Dynamic Relief-demand Management for Emergency Logistics Operations under Large-scale Disasters[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2010,46(1):1-17
[21] 王旭坪,马超,阮俊虎. 运力受限的应急物资动态调度模型及算法[J]. 系统工程理论与实践, 2013,33(6):1492-1500
[22] 马祖军,郑斌,李双琳. 应急物资配送中带中转设施的选址-联运问题[J]. 管理评论, 2013,25(10):166-176
[23] Sung I., Lee T. Optimal Allocation of Emergency Medical Resources in a Mass Casualty Incident: Patient Prioritization by Column Generation[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2016,252(2):623-634
[24] 方磊,夏雨,杨月明,等. 面向突发性自然灾害的救济供应链研究述评与未来展望[J]. 管理评论, 2016,28(8):238-249
[25] Wex F., Schryen G., Feuerriegel S., et al. Emergency Response in Natural Disaster Management: Allocation and Scheduling of Rescue Units[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2014,235(3):697-708
[26] Falasca M., Zobel C. An Optimization Model for Volunteer Assignments in Humanitarian Organizations[J]. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 2012,46(4):250-260
[27] 袁媛,樊治平,刘洋. 突发事件应急救援人员的调配模型研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2013,21(2):152-156
[28] 张雷,马璐,元昌安. 应急救援多目标时限指派模型[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2012,22(6):170-176
[29] 张雷,元昌安,马璐. 考虑优先权的地震灾害时限应急救援指派模型[J]. 计算机应用研究, 2013,30(5):1439-1442
[30] Marsh M. T., Schilling D. A. Equity Measurement in Facility Location Analysis: A Review and Framework[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 1994,74(1):1-17
[31] 郭晓萱,李红玉,孙培阳,等. 灾害救援中护理人员岗位胜任力指标体系的构建[J]. 护理学杂志, 2013,28(3):45-47
[32] Deb K., Pratap A., Agarwal S., et al. A Fast and Elitist Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm: NSGA-II[J]. Evolutionary Computation, IEEE Transactions on, 2002,6(2):182-197
[33] 王海军,杜丽敬,马士华. 震后应急物流系统中双目标开放式选址:路径问题模型与算法研究[J]. 管理工程学报, 2016,30(2):108-115
[34] Deb K. Multi-objective Optimization using Evolutionary Algorithms[M]. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2001
[35] Zitzler E., Thiele L. Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms: A Comparative Case Study and the Strength Pareto Approach[J]. Evolutionary Computation, IEEE Transactions on, 1999,3(4):257-271
[36] Abido M. A. Environmental/economic Power Dispatch Using Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms: A Comparative Study[J]. Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on, 2003,18(4):1529-1537
[37] 朱健刚,赖伟军. “不完全合作”:NGO联合行动策略以“5·12”汶川地震NGO联合救灾为例[J]. 社会, 2014,34(4):187-209
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