社交媒体头像呈现与使用动机研究——以大学生微信应用为例
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摘要
社交媒体的出现改变了传统的人际交往模式,丰富了用户自我呈现的策略和手段,其中社交媒体头像在用户形象形成的过程中扮演重要角色,不同用户的头像选择千差万别。为分析社交媒体使用动机与用户头像选择之间的关系,以大学生群体为研究对象,通过问卷分析法具体探究大学生微信应用中头像选择现状,以及其使用动机与头像选择之间的关系。研究发现,大学生微信用户在头像选择上不愿透露过多真实信息,同时倾向于对照片进行修饰;娱乐性动机、扩新动机和从众动机在不同方面均对用户头像选择产生显著影响。
The advent of social media has altered the traditional way of interpersonal interaction and diversified both the methods and strategies for people to present themselves. Social media avatar plays a crucial role in the formation of a user's social image.The choice of avatar varies greatly from person to person. With the aim to analyse the relationship between the motivations of using social media and the choice of an avatar, this paper surveyed the current usage of WeChat avatar among college students, the motivations behind each choice and their relationships, by using a questionnaire. This study indicates that college students are not willing to reveal too much personal information in the WeChat avatar. A preference of post-production for their photos is present in avatar presentation. In addition, the motivations for entertainment, expanding social network and peer conformity have a notable impact on their avatar decision.
The advent of social media has altered the traditional way of interpersonal interaction and diversified both the methods and strategies for people to present themselves. Social media avatar plays a crucial role in the formation of a user's social image.The choice of avatar varies greatly from person to person. With the aim to analyse the relationship between the motivations of using social media and the choice of an avatar, this paper surveyed the current usage of WeChat avatar among college students, the motivations behind each choice and their relationships, by using a questionnaire. This study indicates that college students are not willing to reveal too much personal information in the WeChat avatar. A preference of post-production for their photos is present in avatar presentation. In addition, the motivations for entertainment, expanding social network and peer conformity have a notable impact on their avatar decision.
引文
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[4]黄少华,李魏华,郭叶红.网络空间中的自我呈现[J].未来与发展,2009,30(24):71-73.
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[6]BANCZYK B,KRAMER N,SENOKOZLIEVA M.“The wurst”meets“fatless”in MySpace:the relationship between self-esteem,personality,and self-presentation in an online community[C]//Paper presented at Conference of the International Communication Association,Montreal,Quebec,Canada,2008.
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[8]牛更枫,鲍娜,周宗奎,等.社交网站中的自我呈现对生活满意度的影响:积极情绪和社会支持的作用[J].心理发展与教育,2015,31(5):563-570.
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[15]ELLISON N,HEINO R,GIBBS J.Managing impressions online:self-presentation processes in the online dating environment[J].Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication,2006,11(2):415-441.
[16]KRAMER,WINTER.Impression management 2.0:the relationship of self-esteem,extraversion,self-efficacy,and self-presentation within social networking sites[J].Journal of Media Psychology:Theories,Methods,and Applications,2008,20(3):106-116.
[17]JUNG T,YOUN H,McCLUNG S.Motivations and self-presentation strategies on Korean-based“cyworld”weblog format personal homepages[J].Cyberpsychology and Behavior,2007,10(1):24-31.
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[19]姜永志,白晓丽,刘勇.青少年移动社交网络使用动机调查[J].中国青年社会科学,2017,36(1):88-94.
[20]常亚平,朱冬红.社交网络用户参与动机的测量[J].图书情报工作,2011,55(14):32-35.
[21]张爱卿.论人类行为的动机---一种新的动机理论构理[J].华东师范大学学报(教育科学版),1996(1):71-80.
[22]韦纳.人类动机:比喻、理论和研究[M].孙煜明,译.杭州:浙江教育出版社,1999.
[23]JOHN S.The psychology of cyberspace[EB/OL].(2013-05-24)[2017-07-15].http://users.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/psycyber.html.
[24]皮特里.动机心理学[M].郭本禹,王志琳,王金奎,等,译.西安:陕西师范大学出版社,2005.
[25]刘忠园.移动社交网络用户的使用动机与行为研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2013.
[26]BOYLE K,JOHNSON T J.MySpace is your space?Examining self-presentation of MySpace users[J].Computers in Human Behavior,2010,26(6):1392-1399.
[27]PARK N,JIN B,JIN S A.Motivations,impression management,and self-disclosure in social network sites[C]//Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association,Chicago,2009:1-36.
[28]江爱栋.社交网络中的自我呈现及其策略的影响因素[D].南京:南京大学,2013.
[29]闫岩.计划行为理论的产生、发展和评述[J].国际新闻界,2014,36(7):113-129.
[30]姜永志,白晓丽,刘勇.青少年移动社交网络使用动机调查[J].中国青年社会科学,2017,36(1):88-94.
[2]欧文·戈夫曼.日常生活中的自我呈现[M].冯钢,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2008:1-40.
[3]BAUMEISTER R F.A self-presentational view of social phenomena[J].Psychological Bulletin,1982,91(1):3-26.
[4]黄少华,李魏华,郭叶红.网络空间中的自我呈现[J].未来与发展,2009,30(24):71-73.
[5]VITAK J.The impact of context collapse and privacy on social network site disclosures[J].Journal of Broadcasting&Electronic Media,2012,56(4):451-470.
[6]BANCZYK B,KRAMER N,SENOKOZLIEVA M.“The wurst”meets“fatless”in MySpace:the relationship between self-esteem,personality,and self-presentation in an online community[C]//Paper presented at Conference of the International Communication Association,Montreal,Quebec,Canada,2008.
[7]刘庆奇,孙晓军,周宗奎,等.社交网站中的自我呈现对青少年自我认同的影响:线上积极反馈的作用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2015,23(6):1094-1097.
[8]牛更枫,鲍娜,周宗奎,等.社交网站中的自我呈现对生活满意度的影响:积极情绪和社会支持的作用[J].心理发展与教育,2015,31(5):563-570.
[9]童慧.微信的自我呈现与人际传播[J].重庆社会科学,2014(1):102-110.
[10]张军芳.BBS使用目的对大学生“自我表露”的影响---以“日月光华”为例[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2009,9(3):22-26.
[11]伍翎瑄.微信朋友圈的自我呈现及其策略的影响因素[J].科技传播,2015,7(12):104-107.
[12]LEARY M R,TCHIVIDIJIAN L R,KRAXBERGER B E.Self-presentation can be hazardous to your health:Impression management and health risk[J].Health Psychology,1994,13(6):461-470.
[13]ZHAO C,JIANG G.Cultural differences on visual self-presentation through social networking site profile images[C]//Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems,ACM,2011:1129-1132.
[14]ZHAO S,GRASMUCK S,MARTIN J.Identity construction on facebook:digital empowerment in anchored relationships[J].Computers in Human Behavior,2008,24(5):1816-1836.
[15]ELLISON N,HEINO R,GIBBS J.Managing impressions online:self-presentation processes in the online dating environment[J].Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication,2006,11(2):415-441.
[16]KRAMER,WINTER.Impression management 2.0:the relationship of self-esteem,extraversion,self-efficacy,and self-presentation within social networking sites[J].Journal of Media Psychology:Theories,Methods,and Applications,2008,20(3):106-116.
[17]JUNG T,YOUN H,McCLUNG S.Motivations and self-presentation strategies on Korean-based“cyworld”weblog format personal homepages[J].Cyberpsychology and Behavior,2007,10(1):24-31.
[18]GULNAR B,UKRU B,AKIR V.Motivations of facebook,you tube and similar web sites users[J].Bilig-Turk Dunyasl Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi,2010,54(54):161-184.
[19]姜永志,白晓丽,刘勇.青少年移动社交网络使用动机调查[J].中国青年社会科学,2017,36(1):88-94.
[20]常亚平,朱冬红.社交网络用户参与动机的测量[J].图书情报工作,2011,55(14):32-35.
[21]张爱卿.论人类行为的动机---一种新的动机理论构理[J].华东师范大学学报(教育科学版),1996(1):71-80.
[22]韦纳.人类动机:比喻、理论和研究[M].孙煜明,译.杭州:浙江教育出版社,1999.
[23]JOHN S.The psychology of cyberspace[EB/OL].(2013-05-24)[2017-07-15].http://users.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/psycyber.html.
[24]皮特里.动机心理学[M].郭本禹,王志琳,王金奎,等,译.西安:陕西师范大学出版社,2005.
[25]刘忠园.移动社交网络用户的使用动机与行为研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2013.
[26]BOYLE K,JOHNSON T J.MySpace is your space?Examining self-presentation of MySpace users[J].Computers in Human Behavior,2010,26(6):1392-1399.
[27]PARK N,JIN B,JIN S A.Motivations,impression management,and self-disclosure in social network sites[C]//Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association,Chicago,2009:1-36.
[28]江爱栋.社交网络中的自我呈现及其策略的影响因素[D].南京:南京大学,2013.
[29]闫岩.计划行为理论的产生、发展和评述[J].国际新闻界,2014,36(7):113-129.
[30]姜永志,白晓丽,刘勇.青少年移动社交网络使用动机调查[J].中国青年社会科学,2017,36(1):88-94.
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