数学地质方法在南秦岭汉阴黄龙金矿中的应用
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摘要
汉阴黄龙金矿大地构造位置处于南秦岭构造带内,矿区内岩石受多期构造变形变质作用,并叠加有稍晚期岩浆活动。金矿化类型以蚀变岩型为主,其次为石英脉型,矿化受脆—韧性剪切带和围岩蚀变的控制,主要蚀变类型有黑云母变斑晶化、黄铁矿化、碳化和石榴石化。为查明构造—蚀变与成矿之间的关系,通过主量元素聚类分析法和因子分析法进一步确认韧性剪切带中的脆性断层破碎带是矿区内主要的控矿构造,黑云母变斑晶化蚀变与金矿化关系最密切,并通常与黄铁矿化叠加出现,对成矿有利;蚀变岩型金矿石与硅化相关性不大。金相关成矿元素Q型聚类分析、R型聚类分析和因子分析结果表明,金成矿作用可能贯穿于脆—韧性剪切作用和岩浆活动的整个过程,受多期热液叠加和后期岩浆热液活动的影响。因此,黄龙金矿属于脆—韧性剪切带型金矿,并可能受后期岩浆热液叠加再富集。
The South Qinling tectonic belt has formed a huge amount of mineral resources due to its complex tectonic evolution and magmatic activity. The gold ore field in the northern Shiquan-Hanyin area of Shaanxi Province is located in the South Qinling tectonic belt. So far,dozens of gold deposits or gold mineralization points have been discovered in the gold ore field,and the prospecting potential is huge.Huanglong gold deposit is located in the northern Hanyin area.The rocks in the mining area are subject to multi-stage structure deformation and metamorphism,and superimposed with slightly late magmatism.The type of gold mineralization is dominated by altered rock type,followed by quartz vein type. Mineralization is controlled by brittle-ductile shear zone and wall rock alteration. The main alteration types are biotite porphyroblasts crystallization and pyritization,carbonization,garinization,etc. In order to further ascertain the relationship between structure-alteration and mineralization,based on the large-scale (1/5 000～1/10 000) structure-alteration facies mapping in the mining area and the analysis of rock main elements and metallogenic elements,using SPSS17.0 software to carry out Qtype cluster analysis,R-type cluster analysis of main element and metallogenic elements,R-factor analysis for the relationship between ore and structure altered rock,alterated rocks. The results show that the altered rock type gold mineralization is closely related to the faults in the brittle-ductile shear zone and biotite porphyroblasts crystallization alteration;the correlation coefficient between TFe_2O_3 and TiO_2,Al_2O_3,K_2O is large,in the field outcrop,it usually can be seen that biotite porphyroblasts crystallization is closely associated with pyritization,gold mineralization often occurs in the biotite porphyroblasts crystallization and pyritization superposition zone;biotite porphyroblasts crystallization,carbonization,pyritization,garinization alteration has high correlation,and its superimposed zone is a favorable part of altered rock type gold mineralization,which should be the product of late hydrothermal alteration stage of regional metamorphism;Au and Cu,Zn,Bi,V,Hg having weak positive correlation shows that gold mineralization may undergo multi-stage hydrothermal superposition and is related to magmatic hydrothermal fluid;three principal component factors F1,F2 and F3 represent the existence of tectonic-hydrothermal action and magmatic hydrothermal action,Au has a certain load on all three factors,which indicates that the formation of gold in the mining area may penetrate the whole process of brittle-ductile shear and magmatism in this area,and the gold mineralization may be superimposed over multiple periods. The next prospecting direction or exploration project layout should prioritized the periphery or the deep of the mining area where brittle-ductile shear zone,foliated rocks,the gold-related alteration zone or the alteration superposition well develop,that is the strong structure-hydrothermal activity-water-rock reaction(WRR) concentration site.
The South Qinling tectonic belt has formed a huge amount of mineral resources due to its complex tectonic evolution and magmatic activity. The gold ore field in the northern Shiquan-Hanyin area of Shaanxi Province is located in the South Qinling tectonic belt. So far,dozens of gold deposits or gold mineralization points have been discovered in the gold ore field,and the prospecting potential is huge.Huanglong gold deposit is located in the northern Hanyin area.The rocks in the mining area are subject to multi-stage structure deformation and metamorphism,and superimposed with slightly late magmatism.The type of gold mineralization is dominated by altered rock type,followed by quartz vein type. Mineralization is controlled by brittle-ductile shear zone and wall rock alteration. The main alteration types are biotite porphyroblasts crystallization and pyritization,carbonization,garinization,etc. In order to further ascertain the relationship between structure-alteration and mineralization,based on the large-scale (1/5 000～1/10 000) structure-alteration facies mapping in the mining area and the analysis of rock main elements and metallogenic elements,using SPSS17.0 software to carry out Qtype cluster analysis,R-type cluster analysis of main element and metallogenic elements,R-factor analysis for the relationship between ore and structure altered rock,alterated rocks. The results show that the altered rock type gold mineralization is closely related to the faults in the brittle-ductile shear zone and biotite porphyroblasts crystallization alteration;the correlation coefficient between TFe_2O_3 and TiO_2,Al_2O_3,K_2O is large,in the field outcrop,it usually can be seen that biotite porphyroblasts crystallization is closely associated with pyritization,gold mineralization often occurs in the biotite porphyroblasts crystallization and pyritization superposition zone;biotite porphyroblasts crystallization,carbonization,pyritization,garinization alteration has high correlation,and its superimposed zone is a favorable part of altered rock type gold mineralization,which should be the product of late hydrothermal alteration stage of regional metamorphism;Au and Cu,Zn,Bi,V,Hg having weak positive correlation shows that gold mineralization may undergo multi-stage hydrothermal superposition and is related to magmatic hydrothermal fluid;three principal component factors F1,F2 and F3 represent the existence of tectonic-hydrothermal action and magmatic hydrothermal action,Au has a certain load on all three factors,which indicates that the formation of gold in the mining area may penetrate the whole process of brittle-ductile shear and magmatism in this area,and the gold mineralization may be superimposed over multiple periods. The next prospecting direction or exploration project layout should prioritized the periphery or the deep of the mining area where brittle-ductile shear zone,foliated rocks,the gold-related alteration zone or the alteration superposition well develop,that is the strong structure-hydrothermal activity-water-rock reaction(WRR) concentration site.
引文
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[9]时艳香,纪宏金,陆继龙,等.水系沉积物地球化学分区的因子分析方法与应用[J].地质与勘探,2004,40(5):73-76.Shi Yanxiang,Ji Hongjin,Lu Jilong,et al.Factor analysis method and application of stream sediment geochemical partition[J].Geology and Prospecting,2004,40(5):73-76.
[10]杨永春,李元家,何建平,等.土壤地球化学测量在马鬃山公婆泉东金矿的应用[J].地质与勘探,2017,53(4):715-730.Yang Yongchun,Li Yuanjia,He Jianping,et al.Application of geochemical soil survey in the Gongpoquan gold deposit at Mazongshan,Gansu Province[J].Geology and Exploration,2017,53(4):715-730.
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[12]曾道明,纪宏金,高文,等.R-Q型因子分析与对应分析[J].物探化探计算技术,2008,30(1):78-80.Zeng Daoming,Ji Hongjin,Gao Wen,et al.The R-Q mode factor analysis and correspondence analysis[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2008,30(1):78-80.
[13]杨国虎.R型聚类分析在确定成矿元素组合中的应用——以水银洞金矿为例[J].资源信息与工程,2016,31(4):12-14.Yang Guohu.Application of R-type cluster analysis in determining the combination of metallogenic elements-taking Shuiyindong gold deposit as an example[J].Resource Information and Engineering,2016,31(4):12-14.
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