前陆冲断带油气资源潜力、勘探领域分析与有利区带优选
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摘要
"十二五"以来前陆冲断带勘探取得了一些重大成果,推动了前陆盆地大油气区勘探进程,进一步夯实了西气东输的资源基础。近期勘探进展趋于缓慢,既显示出较大增储潜力,也面临较大挑战共存的局面,未来总体勘探前景仍然较大。通过文献调研、勘探和研究进展跟踪,基于第四次油气资源评价结果和近期勘探认识,剖析了塔里木库车、柴西南、川西北、准南缘、塔西南前陆冲断带等近期勘探重点领域和潜力区带的成藏地质条件。结合烃源岩、储层、盖层、成藏要素匹配、圈闭、保存六大成藏条件分析,从勘探层系、有利面积、资源储量规模、构造+圈闭类型与目标储备、有利因素、地质风险六方面开展区带综合评价和有利勘探区带优选,按3个层次优选出前陆冲断带勘探增储的7个现实区带、6个接替区带、9个准备区带,预计未来5年可新增天然气地质储量6500×108m3、石油地质储量3.5×108t。分析了前陆冲断带地质研究上存在的复杂构造三维精细模型构建、有利相带和优质储层预测、油气成藏差异性与要素匹配性、构造圈闭有效性评价四大关键地质问题,勘探技术上面临的复杂构造精准成像、低信噪比、(剩余)静校正、安全高效钻井四大配套技术挑战。以库车前陆北部构造带、塔西南前陆冲断带、川西北前陆冲断带为例,针对前陆冲断带不同类型领域、重点区带勘探面临的关键问题,提出了相应的勘探研究对策和部署建议。
Significant achievements have been made in exploring foreland thrust belts, which promoted the exploration process of large oil and gas provinces in foreland basins since the 12 th Five-Year Plan and further consolidated the resource base of the West-East Gas Pipeline.However, the recent exploration progress has become slow. On the one hand, it brought a large potential for increasing reserves, and on the other hand, there are many challenges. There is a good prospect of exploration in this area. Based on references, follow-up of exploration and research progress, the results of the fourth oil and gas resources evaluation and the latest understanding of exploration, the important exploration fields and potential accumulation conditions have been investigated in the foreland thrust belts in Kuqa of the Tarim Basin, the southwestern Qaidam Basin, the northwestern Sichuan Basin, the southern margin of Junggar Basin, and the southwestern Tarim Basin. Source rocks, reservoirs, caprocks, accumulation factors, traps and preservation conditions have been analyzed, potential favorable zone evaluation and optimization has been finished based on exploration targets, favorable areas, resource scales, structures and trap types, expected reserves,favorable factors and geological risks, and finally 7 implementable zones, 6 alternate zones and 9 preparatory zones are proposed, which will provide natural gas geological reserves of 6500×108 m3 and oil geological reserves of 3.5×108 t in 5 years. Four key geological problems have been analyzed, involving building complex 3 D models, predicting favorable belts and good reservoirs, hydrocarbon accumulation difference and factors configuration, and effective evaluation to structural traps, as well as supporting technologies such as precise imaging of complex structures, low SNR,(residual) static correction, safe and efficient drilling. Taking the northern tectonic belt in Kuqa foreland, the foreland thrust belt in southwestern Tarim, and the foreland thrust belt in northwestern Sichuan Basin as examples, exploration strategies and deployment recommendations are proposed.
Significant achievements have been made in exploring foreland thrust belts, which promoted the exploration process of large oil and gas provinces in foreland basins since the 12 th Five-Year Plan and further consolidated the resource base of the West-East Gas Pipeline.However, the recent exploration progress has become slow. On the one hand, it brought a large potential for increasing reserves, and on the other hand, there are many challenges. There is a good prospect of exploration in this area. Based on references, follow-up of exploration and research progress, the results of the fourth oil and gas resources evaluation and the latest understanding of exploration, the important exploration fields and potential accumulation conditions have been investigated in the foreland thrust belts in Kuqa of the Tarim Basin, the southwestern Qaidam Basin, the northwestern Sichuan Basin, the southern margin of Junggar Basin, and the southwestern Tarim Basin. Source rocks, reservoirs, caprocks, accumulation factors, traps and preservation conditions have been analyzed, potential favorable zone evaluation and optimization has been finished based on exploration targets, favorable areas, resource scales, structures and trap types, expected reserves,favorable factors and geological risks, and finally 7 implementable zones, 6 alternate zones and 9 preparatory zones are proposed, which will provide natural gas geological reserves of 6500×108 m3 and oil geological reserves of 3.5×108 t in 5 years. Four key geological problems have been analyzed, involving building complex 3 D models, predicting favorable belts and good reservoirs, hydrocarbon accumulation difference and factors configuration, and effective evaluation to structural traps, as well as supporting technologies such as precise imaging of complex structures, low SNR,(residual) static correction, safe and efficient drilling. Taking the northern tectonic belt in Kuqa foreland, the foreland thrust belt in southwestern Tarim, and the foreland thrust belt in northwestern Sichuan Basin as examples, exploration strategies and deployment recommendations are proposed.
引文
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