塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组上3亚段沉积体系类型及分布规律
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摘要
志留系柯坪塔格组上3亚段是塔里木盆地塔中地区重要的海相碎屑岩勘探层系,综合运用钻井、测井、地震和实验分析资料,对沉积前古地貌、古盐度和水动力条件进行系统分析,进而明确了沉积体系类型和分布规律。研究发现,塔中地区志留系沉积前古地貌由北向南逐渐抬高,局部存在多个狭长低洼区和水下低隆,发育海侵背景下受古地貌控制的潮坪、河口湾和潮汐改造三角洲3种沉积体系,主作用水体类型和能量的差异形成了不同的砂体类型和沉积建造。潮坪沉积体系的砂体类型以潮下带潮汐水道和潮间带沙坪为主,其中潮汐水道具有完整的3层结构,垂直海岸呈条带状分布。河口湾发育水道和沙坝砂体,砂层中常见泥质薄层,砂体轴向与河口湾轴向平行且延伸较远。潮汐改造三角洲发育水下分流河道砂体,见硅质、燧石砾层及大型冲刷面。通过以上研究建立了塔中地区志留系潮坪—河口湾—三角洲沉积模式,并预测了有利砂体的展布。
As the important marine clastic exploration target in Tazhong area, Tarim Basin, the 3 rd upper sub-member of the Silurian Kepingtag Formation was analyzed using core, logging, seismic and experimental data, and the types and distribution of the sedimentary systems were systematically researched according to the paleo-geomorphology, paleosalinity and hydrodynamic force before deposition. The results show that the Silurian paleo-geomorphology gradually increases from north to south, with multiple narrow and long low sags and underwater bulges.The depositional systems of tidal flat, estuary and tidal delta are developed and controlled by the palaeo-geomorphology in the background of transgression, and the differences in the types and energy of primary activating water forces developed different types of sand and sedimentary formations. In the sedimentary system of the tidal flat, primary types of sand bodies are subtidal channels and intertidal flats. The former show complete three layers and are vertical to the coast in banded distribution. Channels and tidal bars are common in the estuary system. The sandstone has thin mudstone, and the axis of the sandstone extends far and parallel to the axis of the estuary. Underwater distributary channels are developed with silica, flint gravel and large erosion surfaces in the tidal delta system. Finally, the depositional model composed of tidal flat,estuary and delta was established and the distribution of favorable reservoirs was predicted in Tazhong area.
As the important marine clastic exploration target in Tazhong area, Tarim Basin, the 3 rd upper sub-member of the Silurian Kepingtag Formation was analyzed using core, logging, seismic and experimental data, and the types and distribution of the sedimentary systems were systematically researched according to the paleo-geomorphology, paleosalinity and hydrodynamic force before deposition. The results show that the Silurian paleo-geomorphology gradually increases from north to south, with multiple narrow and long low sags and underwater bulges.The depositional systems of tidal flat, estuary and tidal delta are developed and controlled by the palaeo-geomorphology in the background of transgression, and the differences in the types and energy of primary activating water forces developed different types of sand and sedimentary formations. In the sedimentary system of the tidal flat, primary types of sand bodies are subtidal channels and intertidal flats. The former show complete three layers and are vertical to the coast in banded distribution. Channels and tidal bars are common in the estuary system. The sandstone has thin mudstone, and the axis of the sandstone extends far and parallel to the axis of the estuary. Underwater distributary channels are developed with silica, flint gravel and large erosion surfaces in the tidal delta system. Finally, the depositional model composed of tidal flat,estuary and delta was established and the distribution of favorable reservoirs was predicted in Tazhong area.
引文
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