城市轻轨低地板列车通过道岔区脱轨安全性评价研究
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摘要
为研究城市轻轨低地板列车通过道岔区的安全性,采用多体动力学和轮轨多点接触理论,建立5模块轻轨列车动力学模型和道岔变截面模型。以通过7号单开道岔为例,进行通过道岔区脱轨安全性评价研究。轮对横移量计算结果表明:转辙区尖轨插入、辙叉区心轨有害空间与车轮、护轨与轮背的相互作用,均引起车辆安全性波动。采用不同处理方式的脱轨系数对道岔通过安全性进行评价,左右轮超限较为严重,均存在危险区域:左轮为转辙区起始位置,右轮为辙叉区心轨位置。进一步采用轮轨接触点位置进行安全性评价,左轮危险区域为尖轨插入引起,接近轮缘边界;右轮则是由护轨撞击和车轮回移引起,但实际为安全位置。对比两种评价方法,脱轨系数评价对于左轮偏于安全,但仍可采用;右轮评价出现了误判现象,建议使用时与车辆运行区段进行对照分析。此外,在脱轨系数评价时如有超限现象,判别时建议在实验结果验证前提下进行仿真分析。
In order to study the safety performance of the light rail vehicle passing through the turnout with small radius,the low-floor vehicle train model and the turnout model with variable cross-sections are established based on multibody dynamics method and multi-point contact method,respectively.Taking the 7th turnout as an example,the safety performance of the wheelset is evaluated by using several methods.The results show that the safety performance of the vehicle will have sharp fluctuations because of the mutual interaction among the switch toes,point rail,check rail,the harmful space and the wheel.There are dangerous areas in the derailment coefficient of the left and right wheels according to derailment coefficient evaluation method.The switch toe is the major restricted area of the left wheel,while the crossing panel is the major restricted area of the right wheel.Through the contact point evaluation,it can be seen that the overlimit of the left wheel is caused by the rail insertion,and the contact points are close to the flange.The overlimit of the right wheel is caused by the impact of the check rail,and it is actually a safe position.The evaluation of the left wheel derailment coefficient is still available,but the right wheel evaluation is easily to cause misjudgment.It is suggested that the operation section of the vehicle should be compared and analyzed in application.Furthermore,it is suggested that the simulation be carried out after the experimental verification.
In order to study the safety performance of the light rail vehicle passing through the turnout with small radius,the low-floor vehicle train model and the turnout model with variable cross-sections are established based on multibody dynamics method and multi-point contact method,respectively.Taking the 7th turnout as an example,the safety performance of the wheelset is evaluated by using several methods.The results show that the safety performance of the vehicle will have sharp fluctuations because of the mutual interaction among the switch toes,point rail,check rail,the harmful space and the wheel.There are dangerous areas in the derailment coefficient of the left and right wheels according to derailment coefficient evaluation method.The switch toe is the major restricted area of the left wheel,while the crossing panel is the major restricted area of the right wheel.Through the contact point evaluation,it can be seen that the overlimit of the left wheel is caused by the rail insertion,and the contact points are close to the flange.The overlimit of the right wheel is caused by the impact of the check rail,and it is actually a safe position.The evaluation of the left wheel derailment coefficient is still available,but the right wheel evaluation is easily to cause misjudgment.It is suggested that the operation section of the vehicle should be compared and analyzed in application.Furthermore,it is suggested that the simulation be carried out after the experimental verification.
引文
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[10]徐井芒.高速道岔曲尖轨磨耗仿真分析研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.Xu Jinmang.Research on simulation of curved switch rail wear in high-speed turnout[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.
[11]李刚.高速动车组道岔通过性能及影响因素分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012.Li Gang.The performance of passing through the turnout of high-speed EMUs and the analysis of influencing factors[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2012.
[12]吴安伟.列车-变截面道岔动力学仿真分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2006.Wu Anwei.Analysis on the train-turnout system dynamics with variable cross-sections[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2006.
[13]姚治锋.大轴重货车道岔通过性能及轮轨动态作用影响研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.Yao Zhifeng.Study on the dynamic performance and influence of wheel/rail interaction for the heavy haul wagin passing the turnout[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.
[14]于淼.重载货车通过辙叉时动力学性能研究[D].大连:大连交通大学,2015.Yu Miao.Dynamics study of heavy haul freight car passing the frog[D].Dalian:Dalian Jiaotong University,2015.
[15]蔡谡.机车与重载道岔尖轨相互动力作用的研究[D].大连:大连交通大学,2015.Cai Su.Research on dynamic interaction between locomotive and heavy haul switch rail[D].Dalian:Dalian Jiaotong University,2015.
[16]NETTER H,SCHUPP G,RULKA W,et al.New aspects of contact modelling and validation within multibody system simulation of railway vehicles[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,1998,29(Sup1):246-269.
[17]Wiest M,Kassa E,Daves W,et al.Assessment of methods for calculating contact pressure in wheel-rail/switch contact[J].Wear,2008,265(9-10):1439-1445.
[18]Kassa E,Nielsen J C O.Dynamic interaction between train and railway turnout:full-scale field test and validation of simulation models[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2008,46(Sup1):521-534.
[19]Kassa E,Andersson C,Nielsen J C O.Simulation of dynamic interaction between train and railway turnout[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2006,44(3):247-258.
[20]Bruni S,Anastasopoulos I,Alfi,et al.Effects of train impacts on urban turnouts:Modelling and validation through measurements[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2009,324(3-5):666-689.
[21]王欢.100%低地板轻轨车辆结构型式与导向机理研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.Wang Huan.Research of structure style and steering principle of 100%low floor light rail vehicle[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2008.
[2]张振淼.城市轨道交通车辆[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1998.Zhang Zhenmiao.Urban Rail Transit Vehicles[M].Beijing:China Railway Press,1998.
[3]訾海波,过秀成,杨洁.现代有轨电车应用模式及地区适用性研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2009,12(02):46-49.Zi Haibo,Guo Xiucheng,Yang Jie.On the application and adaptability of modern tramcar[J].Urban Mass Transit,2009,12(2):46-49.
[4]REN Z,SUN S,ZHAI W.Study on lateral dynamic characteristics of vehicle/turnout system[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2005,43(4):285-303.
[5]REN Z,IWNICKI S D,XIE G.A new method for determining wheel-rail multi-point contact[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2011,49(10):1533-1551.
[6]任尊松.轮轨多点接触及车辆-道岔系统动态相互作用[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.Ren Zunsong,Wheel/Rail Multi-Point Contacts and Vehicle-Turnout System Dynamic Interactions[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014.
[7]Sugiyama H,Tanii Y,Matsumura R.Analysis of wheel/rail contact geometry on railroad turnout using longitudinal interpolation of rail profiles[J].Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics,2011,6(2):024501.
[8]Piotrowski J,Kik W.A simplified model of wheel/rail contact mechanics for non-Hertzian problems and its application in rail vehicle dynamic simulations[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2008,46(1-2):27-48.
[9]Alfi S,Bruni S.Mathematical modelling of train-turnout interaction[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2009,47(5):551-574.
[10]徐井芒.高速道岔曲尖轨磨耗仿真分析研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.Xu Jinmang.Research on simulation of curved switch rail wear in high-speed turnout[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.
[11]李刚.高速动车组道岔通过性能及影响因素分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012.Li Gang.The performance of passing through the turnout of high-speed EMUs and the analysis of influencing factors[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2012.
[12]吴安伟.列车-变截面道岔动力学仿真分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2006.Wu Anwei.Analysis on the train-turnout system dynamics with variable cross-sections[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2006.
[13]姚治锋.大轴重货车道岔通过性能及轮轨动态作用影响研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.Yao Zhifeng.Study on the dynamic performance and influence of wheel/rail interaction for the heavy haul wagin passing the turnout[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.
[14]于淼.重载货车通过辙叉时动力学性能研究[D].大连:大连交通大学,2015.Yu Miao.Dynamics study of heavy haul freight car passing the frog[D].Dalian:Dalian Jiaotong University,2015.
[15]蔡谡.机车与重载道岔尖轨相互动力作用的研究[D].大连:大连交通大学,2015.Cai Su.Research on dynamic interaction between locomotive and heavy haul switch rail[D].Dalian:Dalian Jiaotong University,2015.
[16]NETTER H,SCHUPP G,RULKA W,et al.New aspects of contact modelling and validation within multibody system simulation of railway vehicles[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,1998,29(Sup1):246-269.
[17]Wiest M,Kassa E,Daves W,et al.Assessment of methods for calculating contact pressure in wheel-rail/switch contact[J].Wear,2008,265(9-10):1439-1445.
[18]Kassa E,Nielsen J C O.Dynamic interaction between train and railway turnout:full-scale field test and validation of simulation models[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2008,46(Sup1):521-534.
[19]Kassa E,Andersson C,Nielsen J C O.Simulation of dynamic interaction between train and railway turnout[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2006,44(3):247-258.
[20]Bruni S,Anastasopoulos I,Alfi,et al.Effects of train impacts on urban turnouts:Modelling and validation through measurements[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2009,324(3-5):666-689.
[21]王欢.100%低地板轻轨车辆结构型式与导向机理研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.Wang Huan.Research of structure style and steering principle of 100%low floor light rail vehicle[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2008.
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