环境法治、环保投资与治污减排
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摘要
利用2004—2014年中国30个省份的面板数据,实证检验了环境法治(环境立法和环境执法)对污染排放的影响,以及环保投资在二者之间的中介效应,并得出了三个主要结论。第一,加强环境立法有助于治污减排,但加强环境执法的减排效果并不显著。第二,环保投资在环境法治与污染排放之间发挥着中介作用,其中环保投资在环境立法与污染排放之间发挥着完全中介效应,在环境执法和污染排放之间发挥着广义中介效应。不过,从环保投资的统计口径来看,工业污染源治理投资并不存在上述中介效应;从环保投资的来源来看,仅企业环保投资在环境立法和污染排放之间发挥着中介效应。第三,环境立法和环境执法对不同来源环保投资的影响不尽相同,其中加强环境立法能够促进企业增加环保投资,而加强环境执法并不能扩大甚至会抑制环保投资增加。
Using the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2014, this paper investigated the impact of environmental rule of law( environmental legislation and environmental enforcement) on emission reduction and examined the mediating effect of en-vironmental investment between them. Here are three conclusions. Firstly, the enhancement of environmental legislation is helpful for pollution control and emission reduction, but the effect of environmental law enforcement is insignificant. Secondly, environmental in-vestment plays an intermediary role between environmental rule of law and emission reduction. There exists a complete intermediary effect between environmental legislation and emission mitigation, while a general intermediary effect has been observed between envi-ronmental law enforcement and emission mitigation. Moreover, from the angle of the statistical caliber of environmental investment, the environmental investment on industrial pollution source control does' t have above intermediary effect. In addition, from the angle of environmental investment sources, only enterprise environmental investment exerts the mediation effect between environmental legisla-tion and pollution emission. Thirdly, the influence of environmental legislation and environmental law enforcement on different sources of investments shows diverse results. The reinforcement of environmental legislation would promote the investments in enterprise enriv-ionmental protection, while the reinforcement of environmental enforcement hasn't enlarged, or would even enhibit environmental investments.
Using the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2014, this paper investigated the impact of environmental rule of law( environmental legislation and environmental enforcement) on emission reduction and examined the mediating effect of en-vironmental investment between them. Here are three conclusions. Firstly, the enhancement of environmental legislation is helpful for pollution control and emission reduction, but the effect of environmental law enforcement is insignificant. Secondly, environmental in-vestment plays an intermediary role between environmental rule of law and emission reduction. There exists a complete intermediary effect between environmental legislation and emission mitigation, while a general intermediary effect has been observed between envi-ronmental law enforcement and emission mitigation. Moreover, from the angle of the statistical caliber of environmental investment, the environmental investment on industrial pollution source control does' t have above intermediary effect. In addition, from the angle of environmental investment sources, only enterprise environmental investment exerts the mediation effect between environmental legisla-tion and pollution emission. Thirdly, the influence of environmental legislation and environmental law enforcement on different sources of investments shows diverse results. The reinforcement of environmental legislation would promote the investments in enterprise enriv-ionmental protection, while the reinforcement of environmental enforcement hasn't enlarged, or would even enhibit environmental investments.
引文
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[10]石庆玲,郭峰,陈诗一.雾霾治理中的“政治性蓝天”———来自中国地方“两会”的证据[J].中国工业经济,2016(5):40-56.
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[16]张平淡,朱松,朱艳春.环保投资对中国SO2减排的影响———基于LMDI的分解结果[J].经济理论与经济管理,2012(7):84-94.
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[19]陈东,陈爱贞. GVC嵌入、政治关联与环保投资———来自中国民营企业的证据[J].山西财经大学学报,2018(2):69-83.
[20]谢智慧,孙养学,王雅楠.环境规制对企业环保投资的影响———基于重污染行业的面板数据研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018(3):12-16.
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[22]马珩,张俊,叶紫怡.环境规制、产权性质与企业环保投资[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016(12):47-52.
[23]王云,李延喜,马壮,等.媒体关注、环境规制与企业环保投资[J].南开管理评论,2017(6):83-94.
[24]王瑾,李田,苑泽明.环境规制、代理冲突与企业环保投资[J].财会月刊,2018(17):15-22.
[25]周黎安.晋升博弈中政府官员的激励与合作———兼论我国地方保护主义和重复建设问题长期存在的原因[J].经济研究,2004(6):33-40.
[26]王依,袁浩铭,郭国庆.环境法治能促进环保投资吗?[J].黑龙江社会科学,2017(6):58-61.
[27]袁浩铭,张夏羿,孙永强.环境法治、财政分权与环保投资效率[J].财经问题研究,2018(3):87-94.
[28]彭熠,周涛,徐业傲.环境规制下环保投资对工业废气减排影响分析———基于中国省级工业面板数据的GMM方法[J].工业技术经济,2013(8):123-131.
[29]Baron R M,Kenny D A. The Moderator-mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research:Conceptual,Strategic,and Statistical Considerations[J]. Journal of Personality&Social Psychology,1986,51(6):1173.
[30]雷明,虞晓雯.地方财政支出、环境规制与我国低碳经济转型[J].经济科学,2013(5):47-61.
[31]郑新业,张阳阳,马本,等.全球化与收入不平等:新机制与新证据[J].经济研究,2018(8):132-146.
[32]包群,邵敏,杨大利.环境管制抑制了污染排放吗?[J].经济研究,2013(12):42-54.
[33]Kenny D A,Korchmaros J D,Bolger N. Lower Level Mediation in Multilevel Models[J]. Psychological Methods,2003,8(2):115-128.
[2]Magat W A,Viscusi W K. Effectiveness of the EPA’s Regulatory Enforcement:The Case of Industrial Effluent Standards[J].Journal of Law&Economics,1990,33(2):331-360.
[3]Nadeau L W. EPA Effectiveness at Reducing the Duration of Plant-Level Noncompliance[J]. Journal of Environmental Economics&Management,1997,34(1):54-78.
[4]Cohen M A,Santhakumar V. Information Disclosure as Environmental Regulation:A Theoretical Analysis[J]. Environmental&Resource Economics,2007,37(3):599-620.
[5]傅京燕.产业特征、环境规制与大气污染排放的实证研究———以广东省制造业为例[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2009(2):73-77.
[6]徐志伟.工业经济发展、环境规制强度与污染减排效果———基于“先污染,后治理”发展模式的理论分析与实证检验[J].财经研究,2016(3):134-144.
[7]张泽义,徐宝亮.规制强度、影子经济与污染排放[J].经济与管理研究,2017(11):100-111.
[8]彭海珍,任荣明.环境政策工具与企业竞争优势[J].中国工业经济,2003(7):75-82.
[9]王书斌,徐盈之.环境规制与雾霾脱钩效应———基于企业投资偏好的视角[J].中国工业经济,2015(4):18-30.
[10]石庆玲,郭峰,陈诗一.雾霾治理中的“政治性蓝天”———来自中国地方“两会”的证据[J].中国工业经济,2016(5):40-56.
[11]张同斌.提高环境规制强度能否“利当前”并“惠长远”[J].财贸经济,2017(3):116-130.
[12]张博,韩复龄.环境规制、隐性经济与环境污染[J].财经问题研究,2017(6):22-29.
[13]朱向东,贺灿飞,李茜,等.地方政府竞争、环境规制与中国城市空气污染[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018(6):103-110.
[14]王亚菲.公共财政环保投入对环境污染的影响分析[J].财政研究,2011(2):38-42.
[15]吴勋,王杰.财政分权、环境保护支出与雾霾污染[J].资源科学,2018(4):851-861.
[16]张平淡,朱松,朱艳春.环保投资对中国SO2减排的影响———基于LMDI的分解结果[J].经济理论与经济管理,2012(7):84-94.
[17]张平淡,韩晶,杜雯翠.工业COD排放强度的技术效应分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013(4):117-123.
[18]高明,黄清煌.环保投资与工业污染减排关系的进一步检验———基于治理投资结构的门槛效应分析[J].经济管理,2015(2):167-177.
[19]陈东,陈爱贞. GVC嵌入、政治关联与环保投资———来自中国民营企业的证据[J].山西财经大学学报,2018(2):69-83.
[20]谢智慧,孙养学,王雅楠.环境规制对企业环保投资的影响———基于重污染行业的面板数据研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018(3):12-16.
[21]李强,田双双.环境规制能够促进企业环保投资吗?———兼论市场竞争的影响[J].北京理工大学学报(社会科学版),2016(4):1-8.
[22]马珩,张俊,叶紫怡.环境规制、产权性质与企业环保投资[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016(12):47-52.
[23]王云,李延喜,马壮,等.媒体关注、环境规制与企业环保投资[J].南开管理评论,2017(6):83-94.
[24]王瑾,李田,苑泽明.环境规制、代理冲突与企业环保投资[J].财会月刊,2018(17):15-22.
[25]周黎安.晋升博弈中政府官员的激励与合作———兼论我国地方保护主义和重复建设问题长期存在的原因[J].经济研究,2004(6):33-40.
[26]王依,袁浩铭,郭国庆.环境法治能促进环保投资吗?[J].黑龙江社会科学,2017(6):58-61.
[27]袁浩铭,张夏羿,孙永强.环境法治、财政分权与环保投资效率[J].财经问题研究,2018(3):87-94.
[28]彭熠,周涛,徐业傲.环境规制下环保投资对工业废气减排影响分析———基于中国省级工业面板数据的GMM方法[J].工业技术经济,2013(8):123-131.
[29]Baron R M,Kenny D A. The Moderator-mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research:Conceptual,Strategic,and Statistical Considerations[J]. Journal of Personality&Social Psychology,1986,51(6):1173.
[30]雷明,虞晓雯.地方财政支出、环境规制与我国低碳经济转型[J].经济科学,2013(5):47-61.
[31]郑新业,张阳阳,马本,等.全球化与收入不平等:新机制与新证据[J].经济研究,2018(8):132-146.
[32]包群,邵敏,杨大利.环境管制抑制了污染排放吗?[J].经济研究,2013(12):42-54.
[33]Kenny D A,Korchmaros J D,Bolger N. Lower Level Mediation in Multilevel Models[J]. Psychological Methods,2003,8(2):115-128.
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