除磷亚硝化颗粒工艺启动及性能恢复
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摘要
针对生活污水低碳氮比的水质特点,采用SBR反应器接种低温储存的强化生物除磷颗粒污泥,来启动除磷亚硝化颗粒工艺,通过控制曝气强度及污泥龄实现除磷亚硝化的稳定运行,为后置CANON或厌氧氨氧化工艺(ANAMMOX)提供进水.污泥龄为30 d的条件下实现了出水TP小于0. 5 mg·L~(-1),COD浓度小于50 mg·L~(-1),亚硝酸盐氮积累率达到了90%以上.实验还得出,过高的曝气强度使除磷亚硝化性能恶化,可采用降低曝气强度和减小污泥龄的方式来改善除磷性能.污泥龄为40 d可以实现生活污水除磷亚硝化中的亚硝化性能进一步恢复,最终实现出水磷浓度保持在0. 5 mg·L~(-1)以下,COD及TP去除率分别稳定在80%及95%,亚硝酸盐积累率保持在90%以上,SVI值从初始的63 m L·g~(-1)降低到35 m L·g~(-1),颗粒污泥沉降性能良好,颗粒粒径在整个运行过程中保持在1 000μm以上.
In this experiment,to determine the characteristics of low carbon and nitrogen water quality in domestic sewage,a sequencing batch reactor( SBR) was used to realize the stable operation of dephosphorization-nitrosation,by inoculating the enhanced biological phosphorus removal granular sludge,which was stored at low temperature. The sludge was activated by control of the aeration intensity and sludge age,which provided water for the influent of a CANON or anaerobic ammonia oxidation( ANAMMOX) process. In the experiment,when the concentration of dissolved oxygen was 6. 5 mg·L~(-1) and the sludge age was 30 days,the effluent TP was less than 0. 5 mg·L~(-1),the concentration of COD was less than 50 mg·L~(-1),and the accumulation rate of nitrite nitrogen was above 90%.It was also found that the performance of phosphorus removal can be improved by reducing the aeration intensity and reducing the age of sludge when the performance was damaged by excessive aeration strength. Aging the sludge for 40 days could restore nitrification during the process of phosphorus removal and nitrification. The final concentration of phosphorus was kept below 0. 5 mg·L~(-1),and the removal rate of COD and TP was stable at 80% and 95%,respectively,the accumulation rate of nitrite remained above 90%,and the SVI value decreased from the initial 63 m L·g~(-1) to 35 m L·g~(-1). The settling performance of the granular sludge was good,and the particle size was kept above 1 000 μm.
In this experiment,to determine the characteristics of low carbon and nitrogen water quality in domestic sewage,a sequencing batch reactor( SBR) was used to realize the stable operation of dephosphorization-nitrosation,by inoculating the enhanced biological phosphorus removal granular sludge,which was stored at low temperature. The sludge was activated by control of the aeration intensity and sludge age,which provided water for the influent of a CANON or anaerobic ammonia oxidation( ANAMMOX) process. In the experiment,when the concentration of dissolved oxygen was 6. 5 mg·L~(-1) and the sludge age was 30 days,the effluent TP was less than 0. 5 mg·L~(-1),the concentration of COD was less than 50 mg·L~(-1),and the accumulation rate of nitrite nitrogen was above 90%.It was also found that the performance of phosphorus removal can be improved by reducing the aeration intensity and reducing the age of sludge when the performance was damaged by excessive aeration strength. Aging the sludge for 40 days could restore nitrification during the process of phosphorus removal and nitrification. The final concentration of phosphorus was kept below 0. 5 mg·L~(-1),and the removal rate of COD and TP was stable at 80% and 95%,respectively,the accumulation rate of nitrite remained above 90%,and the SVI value decreased from the initial 63 m L·g~(-1) to 35 m L·g~(-1). The settling performance of the granular sludge was good,and the particle size was kept above 1 000 μm.
引文
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[15]李冬,吕育锋,张金库,等.SBR中曝气强度对除磷颗粒的影响[J].化工学报,2015,66(12):4994-5001.Li D,LüY F,Zhang J K,et al.Influence of aeration intensity on phosphorus removal granules in SBR[J].CIESC Journal,2015,66(12):4994-5001.
[16]梁东博,卞伟,阚睿哲,等.不同温度下应用比值控制实现连续流好氧颗粒污泥短程硝化[J].环境科学,2018,39(4):1713-1719.Liang D B,Bian W,Kan R Z,et al.Achieving partial nitritation in a continuous-flow aerobic granular sludge reactor at different temperatures through ratio control[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(4):1713-1719.
[17]杨丹,刘东方,杜丽琼,等.好氧颗粒污泥系统中溶解性微生物代谢产物的特征及主要组分[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):1325-1332.Yang D,Zhang D F,Du L Q,et al.Characterization composition of soluble microbial products in an aerobic granular sludge system[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(3):1325-1332.
[18]Strous M,Heijnen J J,Kuenen J G,et al.The sequencing batch reactor as a powerful tool for the study of slowly growing anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1998,50(5):589-596.
[19]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[20]Wang Z P,Liu L L,Yao J,et al.Effects of extracellular polymeric substances on aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors[J].Chemosphere,2006,63(10):1728-1735.
[21]Yoshida Y,Takahashi K,Saito T,et al.The effect of nitrite on aerobic phosphate uptake and denitrifying activity of phosphateaccumulating organisms[J].Water Science&Technology,2006,53(6):21-27.
[22]Saito T,Brdjanovic D,van Loosdrecht M C M.Effect of nitrite on phosphate uptake by phosphate accumulating organisms[J].Water Research,2004,38(17):3760-3768.
[23]Zeng W,Yang Y Y,Li L,et al.Effect of nitrite from nitritation on biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch reactor treating domestic wastewater[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(12):6657-6664.
[24]Chen Y,Jiang W J,Liang D T,et al.Structure and stability of aerobic granules cultivated under different shear force in sequencing batch reactors[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2007,76(5):1199-1208.
[25]Sheng G P,Yu H Q,Li X Y.Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)of microbial aggregates in biological wastewater treatment systems:a review[J].Biotechnology Advances,2010,28(6):882-894.
[2]Siegrist H,Salzgeber D,Eugster J,et al.Anammox brings WWTP closer to energy autarky due to increased biogas production and reduced aeration energy for N-removal[J].Water Science&Technology,2008,57(3):383-388.
[3]Oehmen A,Lemos P C,Carvalho G,et al.Advances in enhanced biological phosphorus removal:from micro to macro scale[J].Water Research,2007,41(11):2271-2300.
[4]谭发,王敦球,金樾,等.有机碳源对一体化厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮性能的影响[J].安全与环境工程,2016,23(4):44-50.Tan F,Wang D Q,Jin Y,et al.Effect of organic carbon source on nitrogen removal performance of one-stage Anammox reactor[J].Safety and Environmental Engineering,2016,23(4):44-50.
[5]高美云,刘兴国,曾宪磊,等.有机碳对养殖池塘沉积物中反硝化、厌氧氨氧化的影响[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(1):49-56.Gao M Y,Liu X G,Zeng X L,et al.Effects of organic carbon for denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation in sediments of aquaculture pond[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2018,12(1):49-56.
[6]李亚峰,马晨曦,张驰.pH值和有机碳源对匹配厌氧氨氧化的SBR亚硝化的影响[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2014,30(6):1128-1135.Li Y F,Ma C X,Zhang C.Study on the impact of pH and organic carbon source on ANAMMOX adopting nitrosification in SBR[J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science),2014,30(6):1128-1135.
[7]王俊安.厌氧好氧除磷厌氧氨氧化脱氮城市污水再生全流程研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2010.Wang J A.Integrated process of anaerobic-Oxic phosphorus removal and anaerobic ammonium oxidation nitrogen removal for urban sewage regeneration[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2010.
[8]张杰,张艳辉,李冬,等.缺氧/好氧和协同控制DO/HRT工艺对亚硝化的影响比较[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016,48(8):11-16.Zhang J,Zhang Y H,Li D,et al.Comparison of effects on partial nitrification between anoxic-oxic and controling DO/HRTprocess[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2016,48(8):11-16.
[9]周元正,李冬,苏东霞,等.改良SBR工艺实现生活污水除磷与半亚硝化[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(5):1351-1358.Zhou Y Z,Li D,Su D X,et al.Partial nitritation and phosphorus removal in improved SBR process treating domestic wastewater[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(5):1351-1358.
[10]马斌,张树军,王俊敏,等.A/O工艺实现城市污水半亚硝化与生物除磷[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2012,44(2):70-74.Ma B,Zhang S J,Wang J M,et al.Partial nitritation and biological phosphorus removal in A/O process treating municipal wastewater[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2012,44(2):70-74.
[11]Zhang J H,Zhang Q,Li X Y,et al.Rapid start-up of partial nitritation and simultaneously phosphorus removal(PNSPR)granular sludge reactor treating low-strength domestic sewage[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,243:660-666.
[12]López-Palau S,Pericas A,Dosta J,et al.Partial nitrification of sludge reject water by means of aerobic granulation[J].Water Science&Technology,2011,64(9):1906-1912.
[13]Devlin T R,Oleszkiewicz J A.Cultivation of aerobic granular sludge in continuous flow under various selective pressure[J].Bioresource Technology,2018,253:281-287.
[14]Corsino S F,Di Trapani D,Torregrossa M,et al.Aerobic granular sludge treating high strength citrus wastewater:Analysis of pH and organic loading rate effect on kinetics,performance and stability[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2018,214:23-25.
[15]李冬,吕育锋,张金库,等.SBR中曝气强度对除磷颗粒的影响[J].化工学报,2015,66(12):4994-5001.Li D,LüY F,Zhang J K,et al.Influence of aeration intensity on phosphorus removal granules in SBR[J].CIESC Journal,2015,66(12):4994-5001.
[16]梁东博,卞伟,阚睿哲,等.不同温度下应用比值控制实现连续流好氧颗粒污泥短程硝化[J].环境科学,2018,39(4):1713-1719.Liang D B,Bian W,Kan R Z,et al.Achieving partial nitritation in a continuous-flow aerobic granular sludge reactor at different temperatures through ratio control[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(4):1713-1719.
[17]杨丹,刘东方,杜丽琼,等.好氧颗粒污泥系统中溶解性微生物代谢产物的特征及主要组分[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):1325-1332.Yang D,Zhang D F,Du L Q,et al.Characterization composition of soluble microbial products in an aerobic granular sludge system[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(3):1325-1332.
[18]Strous M,Heijnen J J,Kuenen J G,et al.The sequencing batch reactor as a powerful tool for the study of slowly growing anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1998,50(5):589-596.
[19]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[20]Wang Z P,Liu L L,Yao J,et al.Effects of extracellular polymeric substances on aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors[J].Chemosphere,2006,63(10):1728-1735.
[21]Yoshida Y,Takahashi K,Saito T,et al.The effect of nitrite on aerobic phosphate uptake and denitrifying activity of phosphateaccumulating organisms[J].Water Science&Technology,2006,53(6):21-27.
[22]Saito T,Brdjanovic D,van Loosdrecht M C M.Effect of nitrite on phosphate uptake by phosphate accumulating organisms[J].Water Research,2004,38(17):3760-3768.
[23]Zeng W,Yang Y Y,Li L,et al.Effect of nitrite from nitritation on biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch reactor treating domestic wastewater[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(12):6657-6664.
[24]Chen Y,Jiang W J,Liang D T,et al.Structure and stability of aerobic granules cultivated under different shear force in sequencing batch reactors[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2007,76(5):1199-1208.
[25]Sheng G P,Yu H Q,Li X Y.Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)of microbial aggregates in biological wastewater treatment systems:a review[J].Biotechnology Advances,2010,28(6):882-894.
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