涂料行业重点挥发性有机物的筛选与建议
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摘要
挥发性有机物(VOCs)是当前核心大气污染物,而涂料的生产和使用过程中VOCs的排放一直得到关注。文中基于美国EPA的SPECIATE数据库和实际企业调研,研究了涂料行业重点VOCs的筛选原则与方法,确定VOCs的评分标准和量化处理方法;选取15个类型的涂料涂装工序,以质量分数、嗅阈值、饱和蒸气压、空气环境目标值和最大增量反应活性为评估参数,采用分级赋值和多参数综合评分筛选出7种(类)涂料行业重点VOCs。对重点VOCs的执行标准现状进行了调研比较,提出了修订的建议。
Volatile organic compounds( VOCs) are currently the core atmospheric pollutants,and the emission of VOCs during the production and use of coatings has always been concerned. Through analyzing the SPECIATE database of United States Environmental Protection Agency,the application of SPECIATE database in screening the priority VOCs of coatings industry was studied. The appropriate screening principles,procedures and methods were established,and the scoring criteria and quantitative treatment methods of VOCs were proposed.15 kinds of coating processes were selected. Taking mass fraction,odor threshold,saturated vapor pressure,ambient multimedia environmental goal and maximum incremental reactivity as evaluation parameters,7 kinds of priority VOCs in the coatings industry were identified by grading assignment and multi-parameter comprehensive evaluation. The status quo of implementation standards for priority VOCs was investigated and compared. The revised recommendations were proposed.
Volatile organic compounds( VOCs) are currently the core atmospheric pollutants,and the emission of VOCs during the production and use of coatings has always been concerned. Through analyzing the SPECIATE database of United States Environmental Protection Agency,the application of SPECIATE database in screening the priority VOCs of coatings industry was studied. The appropriate screening principles,procedures and methods were established,and the scoring criteria and quantitative treatment methods of VOCs were proposed.15 kinds of coating processes were selected. Taking mass fraction,odor threshold,saturated vapor pressure,ambient multimedia environmental goal and maximum incremental reactivity as evaluation parameters,7 kinds of priority VOCs in the coatings industry were identified by grading assignment and multi-parameter comprehensive evaluation. The status quo of implementation standards for priority VOCs was investigated and compared. The revised recommendations were proposed.
引文
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[4]魏学敏.高固含双组分聚氨酯木器涂料用星形聚酯的合成与性能[D].广州:华南理工大学,2016.
[5]National primary and secondary ambient air quality standards:40 CFR Part 50[S].Washington:United States Environmental Protection Agency,2015.
[6]Standards of performance for new stationary sources:40CFR Part 60[S].Washington:United States Environmental Protection Agency,2016.
[7]Industrial emission directive:Directive 2010/75/EU[S].Brussels:European Union,2010.
[8]彭菊芳.涂料产品中的VOC定义及测定方法[J].涂料工业,2004,34(1):30-33.
[9]Limitation of emissions of volatile organic compounds due to the use of organic solvents in certain paints and varnishes and vehicle refinishing products and amending Directive1999/13/EC:Directive 2004/42/CE[S].Brussels:European Union,2004.
[10]合成革与人造革工业污染物排放标准:GB 21902-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[11]北京市大气污染物综合排放标准:DB11/501-2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[12]天津市工业企业挥发性有机物排放控制标准:DB12/524-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
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[18]李红,李雷,许伶红,等.大气挥发性有机化合物环境基准研究进展与展望[J].生态毒理学报,2015,10(1):40-57.
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[20]SIMON H,BECK L,BHAVE P V,et al.The development and uses of EPA's SPECIATE database[J].Atmospheric Pollution Research,2010,1(4):196-206.
[21]王亘,翟增秀,耿静,等.40种典型恶臭物质嗅阈值测定[J].安全与环境学报,2015,15(6):348-351.
[22]YOSHIO N.Measurement of odor threshold value Review of“Measurement of threshold value by tiriangle odor bag method(Bull.Jap.Env.Sanit.Cent.No.17.1990)”paper[J].Journal of Japan Association on Odor Environment,2012,43(6):401-407.
[23]ARTS G,DAVIES J,DOBBS M,et al.AMEG:the new SETAC advisory group on aquatic macrophyte ecotoxicology[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research International,2010,17(4):820-823.
[24]CARTER W P L.Development of Ozone Reactivity Scales for Volatile Organic Compounds[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,1994,44(7):881-899.
[25]大气污染物综合排放标准:GB16297-1996[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1996.
[26]生态环境部.关于征求《挥发性有机物无组织排放控制标准》(征求意见稿)等两项国家环境保护标准意见的函[EB/OL].北京:生态环境部,2017:1[2017-04-14].http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgth/201704/t20170427_413072.htm.
[27]合成树脂工业污染物排放标准:GB31572-2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[28]北京市有机化学品制造业大气污染物排放标准:DB11/1385-2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[29]河北省工业企业挥发性有机物排放控制标准:DB13/2322-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[30]江苏省化学工业挥发性有机物排放标准:DB32/3151-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[31]上海市大气污染物综合排放标准:DB31/933-2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[32]上海市涂料、油墨制造工业大气污染物排放标准:DB31/881-2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[2]洪啸呤,冯汉保.涂料化学[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2005:96.
[3]GUO Z,CHANG J C S,SPARKS L E,et al.Estimation of the rate of VOC emissions from solvent-based indoor coating materials based on product formulation[J].Atmospheric Environment,1999,33(8):1205-1215.
[4]魏学敏.高固含双组分聚氨酯木器涂料用星形聚酯的合成与性能[D].广州:华南理工大学,2016.
[5]National primary and secondary ambient air quality standards:40 CFR Part 50[S].Washington:United States Environmental Protection Agency,2015.
[6]Standards of performance for new stationary sources:40CFR Part 60[S].Washington:United States Environmental Protection Agency,2016.
[7]Industrial emission directive:Directive 2010/75/EU[S].Brussels:European Union,2010.
[8]彭菊芳.涂料产品中的VOC定义及测定方法[J].涂料工业,2004,34(1):30-33.
[9]Limitation of emissions of volatile organic compounds due to the use of organic solvents in certain paints and varnishes and vehicle refinishing products and amending Directive1999/13/EC:Directive 2004/42/CE[S].Brussels:European Union,2004.
[10]合成革与人造革工业污染物排放标准:GB 21902-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[11]北京市大气污染物综合排放标准:DB11/501-2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[12]天津市工业企业挥发性有机物排放控制标准:DB12/524-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[13]上海市生物制药行业污染物排放标准:DB31/373-2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[14]上海市半导体行业污染物排放标准:DB31/374-2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[15]广东省家具制造行业挥发性有机化合物排放标准:DB44/814-2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[16]广东省印刷行业挥发性有机化合物排放标准:DB44/815-2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[17]广东省表面涂装(汽车制造业)挥发性有机化合物排放标准:DB44/816-2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[18]李红,李雷,许伶红,等.大气挥发性有机化合物环境基准研究进展与展望[J].生态毒理学报,2015,10(1):40-57.
[19]生态环境部.“十三五”挥发性有机物污染防治工作方案[EB/OL].北京:生态环境部,2017:10[2017-09-14].http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bwj/201709/t20170919_421835.htm.
[20]SIMON H,BECK L,BHAVE P V,et al.The development and uses of EPA's SPECIATE database[J].Atmospheric Pollution Research,2010,1(4):196-206.
[21]王亘,翟增秀,耿静,等.40种典型恶臭物质嗅阈值测定[J].安全与环境学报,2015,15(6):348-351.
[22]YOSHIO N.Measurement of odor threshold value Review of“Measurement of threshold value by tiriangle odor bag method(Bull.Jap.Env.Sanit.Cent.No.17.1990)”paper[J].Journal of Japan Association on Odor Environment,2012,43(6):401-407.
[23]ARTS G,DAVIES J,DOBBS M,et al.AMEG:the new SETAC advisory group on aquatic macrophyte ecotoxicology[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research International,2010,17(4):820-823.
[24]CARTER W P L.Development of Ozone Reactivity Scales for Volatile Organic Compounds[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,1994,44(7):881-899.
[25]大气污染物综合排放标准:GB16297-1996[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1996.
[26]生态环境部.关于征求《挥发性有机物无组织排放控制标准》(征求意见稿)等两项国家环境保护标准意见的函[EB/OL].北京:生态环境部,2017:1[2017-04-14].http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgth/201704/t20170427_413072.htm.
[27]合成树脂工业污染物排放标准:GB31572-2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[28]北京市有机化学品制造业大气污染物排放标准:DB11/1385-2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[29]河北省工业企业挥发性有机物排放控制标准:DB13/2322-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[30]江苏省化学工业挥发性有机物排放标准:DB32/3151-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[31]上海市大气污染物综合排放标准:DB31/933-2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[32]上海市涂料、油墨制造工业大气污染物排放标准:DB31/881-2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
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