基于AEA法的黄土高原矿区复垦农田土壤含水率特征研究
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摘要
为了快速、有效的测定复垦区农田尺度上土壤含水率变化以及空间分布特征,评价探地雷达对土壤含水率的探测精度,通过研究雷达信号属性振幅与土壤含水率的关系,采用振幅包络平均值(AEA)法对复垦区农田地块土壤含水率进行反演,并与雷达测线上时域反射仪(TDR)法测量所得土壤含水率结果进行对比。结果表明:探地雷达振幅信号属性与土壤含水率有着显著的关系,在研究的四种关系模型中对数模型的拟合结果最好,R~2达到0.995,根据拟合的曲线得知,振幅越大,含水率越小,只要获取地下相应位置雷达信号的振幅值,就可通过本试验拟合的关系式计算出该位置的土壤含水率。通过对比发现,AEA法所得土壤含水率要高于TDR法所测土壤含水率,两者平均相对误差为0.023 cm~3cm~(-3),两种方法所得土壤含水率变化趋势基本一致,相关系数达到0.98。研究表明,使用探地雷达AEA法用于黄土高原矿区复垦农田浅部地层土壤含水率的探测,可以获得更加连续、准确的土壤含水率分布图。
In order to quickly and effectively determine the change in soil water content and the spatial distribution characteristics of farmland in reclamation areas, we evaluated the accuracy of ground penetrating radar in detecting the surface soil water content, and analyzed the relationship between amplitude of radar signal attributes and soil water content. The soil water content of field parcel in the reclamation areas was inverted by using the radar wave average envelope amplitude(AEA) method, and then was compared with that derived by time domain reflectometry(TDR)method on the radar survey line. The results showed that GPR early-time amplitude had a strong correlation with soil water content. Among the four relational models, the logarithmic model had the best fitting result with R~2 value of 0.995. According to the fitted curve, the greater the amplitude was, the smaller the water content was observed. If we obtained the amplitude value of the GPR signal at the corresponding position in the underground, the soil water content was calculated by the relational expressions which were found in the experiment. The soil water content obtained by AEA method was higher than that measured by TDR method, and the mean relative error of the two methods was 0.023 cm~3 cm~(-3). The AEA method got the similar soil water content with TDR method, and the correlation coefficient was 0.98. The results indicated that it is feasible to detect soil water content of the shallow stratum in reclamation farmland of mining area, the Loess Plateau, by using the method of early-time GPR signal AEA, which can get a distribution map of soil water content for large area continuously and accurately.
In order to quickly and effectively determine the change in soil water content and the spatial distribution characteristics of farmland in reclamation areas, we evaluated the accuracy of ground penetrating radar in detecting the surface soil water content, and analyzed the relationship between amplitude of radar signal attributes and soil water content. The soil water content of field parcel in the reclamation areas was inverted by using the radar wave average envelope amplitude(AEA) method, and then was compared with that derived by time domain reflectometry(TDR)method on the radar survey line. The results showed that GPR early-time amplitude had a strong correlation with soil water content. Among the four relational models, the logarithmic model had the best fitting result with R~2 value of 0.995. According to the fitted curve, the greater the amplitude was, the smaller the water content was observed. If we obtained the amplitude value of the GPR signal at the corresponding position in the underground, the soil water content was calculated by the relational expressions which were found in the experiment. The soil water content obtained by AEA method was higher than that measured by TDR method, and the mean relative error of the two methods was 0.023 cm~3 cm~(-3). The AEA method got the similar soil water content with TDR method, and the correlation coefficient was 0.98. The results indicated that it is feasible to detect soil water content of the shallow stratum in reclamation farmland of mining area, the Loess Plateau, by using the method of early-time GPR signal AEA, which can get a distribution map of soil water content for large area continuously and accurately.
引文
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[16]龚元石,李子忠.TDR探针两种埋设方式下土壤水分的测定及其比较[J].农业工程学报,1997,13(2):242-244.
[17]李子忠,郑茹梅,龚元石,等.时域反射仪对水分非均匀分布土壤含水率的测定[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(11):19-23.
[18]陈海涛,房川,冀晓娜,等.TDR300在测量土壤水分中的应用[J].生命科学仪器,2007,5(10):51-52.
[19]吴志远,彭苏萍,杜文凤,等.基于探地雷达波振幅包络平均值确定土壤含水率[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(12):158-164.
[20]TOPP G C,DAVIS J L,ANNAN A P.Electromagnetic determination of soil-water content-measurements in coaxial transmission-lines[J].Water Resour.Res.1980,16:574-582.
[21]曾昭发.探地雷达原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010.
[22]刘慧婷,程家兴,张旻.利用Hilbert变换提取信号瞬时特征的算法实现[J].计算机技术与发展,2003,13(6):82-85.
[23]程乾生.希尔伯特变换与信号的包络瞬时、相位和瞬时频率[J].石油地球物理勘探,1979,14(3):1-14.
[24]马福建,雷少刚,杨赛,等.土壤含水率与探地雷达信号属性的关系研究[J].土壤通报,2014,45(4):809-815.
[2]ROBINSON D AM,CAMPBELL C S,HOPMANS J W,et al.Soil moisture measurement for ecological and hydrological watershed-scale observatories:a review[J].Vadose Zone Journal,2008,7(1):358-389.
[3]窦金熙,郭玉明,王盛,等.土壤含水率测定方法研究[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(3):482-485.
[4]高胜国,翁海腾,朱忠礼.探地雷达在监测地表土壤水分中的研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(12):1-6.
[5]WANG L L,QU J J.Satellite remote sensing applications for surface soil moisture monitoring:A review[J].Frontiers of Earth Science in China,2009,3(2):237-247.
[6]仝兆远,张万昌.土壤水分遥感监测的研究进展[J].水土保持通报,2007,27(4):107-113.
[7]EVETT S R,PARKIN G W.Advances in soil water content sensing[J].Vadose Zone Journal,2005,4(4):986-991.
[8]胡振琪,陈宝政,王树东,等.应用探地雷达测定复垦土壤的水分含量[J].河北建筑科技学院学报,2005,(1):1-3.
[9]秦艳芳,陈曦,周可法,等.古尔班通古特沙漠春季土壤含水量空间格局[J].干旱区地理,2013,(6):1041-1048.
[10]李世杰,裴圣良,林朋.基于探地雷达技术在煤矿浅部地层含水率计算中的应用[J].山西煤炭,2016,(1):31-34.
[11]吴志远,尹尚先,马丽红.基于探地雷达的煤矿开采区地表土壤含水率变化研究[J].华北科技学院学报,2017,(6):17-23.
[12]PETTINELLI E,VANNARONI G,PASQUO B D,et al.Correlation between near-surface electromagnetic soil parameters and early-time GPR signals:An experimental study[J].Geophysics,2007,72(2):A25-A28.
[13]NIE JUNLI,YANG FENG,PENG SUPING,et al.Geological radar detection algorithm research of water content in the shallow surface layers and its application[J].Disaster Advances,2013,6(4):44-46.
[14]MATTEO A D,PETTINELLI E,SLOB E.Early-Time GPR Signal Attributes to Estimate Soil Dielectric Permittivity:A Theoretical Study[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2013,51(3):1643-1654.
[15]ALGEO J,DAM R L V,SLATER L.Early-Time GPR:A Method to Monitor Spatial Variations in Soil Water Content during Irrigation in Clay Soils[J].Vadose Zone Journal,2016,15(11):1-9.
[16]龚元石,李子忠.TDR探针两种埋设方式下土壤水分的测定及其比较[J].农业工程学报,1997,13(2):242-244.
[17]李子忠,郑茹梅,龚元石,等.时域反射仪对水分非均匀分布土壤含水率的测定[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(11):19-23.
[18]陈海涛,房川,冀晓娜,等.TDR300在测量土壤水分中的应用[J].生命科学仪器,2007,5(10):51-52.
[19]吴志远,彭苏萍,杜文凤,等.基于探地雷达波振幅包络平均值确定土壤含水率[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(12):158-164.
[20]TOPP G C,DAVIS J L,ANNAN A P.Electromagnetic determination of soil-water content-measurements in coaxial transmission-lines[J].Water Resour.Res.1980,16:574-582.
[21]曾昭发.探地雷达原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010.
[22]刘慧婷,程家兴,张旻.利用Hilbert变换提取信号瞬时特征的算法实现[J].计算机技术与发展,2003,13(6):82-85.
[23]程乾生.希尔伯特变换与信号的包络瞬时、相位和瞬时频率[J].石油地球物理勘探,1979,14(3):1-14.
[24]马福建,雷少刚,杨赛,等.土壤含水率与探地雷达信号属性的关系研究[J].土壤通报,2014,45(4):809-815.
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