植物生物防治精准化施药技术的研究进展
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摘要
为了减少化学农药滥用造成的危害,精准施药技术及相关植保机械发展迅速,实现了化学农药的减施增效,并提高了化学农药的利用率。但在生物防治领域,尤其是利用活体生物的防治措施中,精准化施药技术研发相对滞后,增加了生物农药向市场推广应用的难度。为了更好地了解针对生物防治的精准化施药技术研究现状,分别从植保机械精准施药技术现状、植物病虫害和杂草生物防治的精准施药技术等方面展开综述,并对生物防治精准化施用技术进行了研究展望,旨在为生物防治更加精准高效地推广应用提供发展思路。
In order to reduce the harm caused by chemical pesticide abuse,precision application technology and related plant protection machinery have developed rapidly,realized the reduction and increase efficiency of chemical pesticides,and improved the utilization rate of chemical pesticides. However,in the field of biological control,especially in disease prevention measures using living creature,studies on R & D of precise pesticide application technology are relatively lagging behind,which has increased the difficulties in extension and application of biological pesticides to the market. In order to better understand the current research status on precise pesticide application technology for biological control,this paper discussed the following aspects,including the present situation of precise pesticide application technology in plant protection machinery,precise application technology of plant pest biological control,plant disease biological control and weed biological control. The paper also prospected the future of precise pesticide application technology in biological control,aiming at providing thought for more precise and high effective application technology in biological control.
In order to reduce the harm caused by chemical pesticide abuse,precision application technology and related plant protection machinery have developed rapidly,realized the reduction and increase efficiency of chemical pesticides,and improved the utilization rate of chemical pesticides. However,in the field of biological control,especially in disease prevention measures using living creature,studies on R & D of precise pesticide application technology are relatively lagging behind,which has increased the difficulties in extension and application of biological pesticides to the market. In order to better understand the current research status on precise pesticide application technology for biological control,this paper discussed the following aspects,including the present situation of precise pesticide application technology in plant protection machinery,precise application technology of plant pest biological control,plant disease biological control and weed biological control. The paper also prospected the future of precise pesticide application technology in biological control,aiming at providing thought for more precise and high effective application technology in biological control.
引文
[1]汪建沃.绿色植保技术手册[M].湖南:中南大学出版社,2014.
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[35]王金星,刘双喜,张菡,等.无人机变量施药自动控制系统及方法[P].中国,CN105173085B.
[36]王成达.直立风送式对靶喷药机设计研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,硕士学位论文,2016.Wang C D. Design and study of vertical air target sprayingmachine[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Forestry,MasterDissertation,2016.
[37] Gouli V, Kassa A, Skinner M, et al.. Fungal conidiadistribution on chrysanthemum:Varying spray parameters[J].Archives Phytopathol. Plant Prot.,2011,44(6):567-574.
[38] Ugine T A,Wraight S P,Sanderson J P. Acquisition of lethaldoses of Beauveria bassiana conidia by western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis,exposed to foliar spray residues offormulated and unformulated conidia[J]. J. InvertebratePathol.,2005,90(1):10-23.
[39] Ugine T A, Wraight S P, Sanderson J P. Effects ofmanipulating spray-application parameters on efficacy of theentomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana against westernflower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis,infesting greenhouseimpatiens crops[J]. Biocontrol Sci. Technol.,2007,17(2):193-219.
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[2]何雄奎.植保精准施药技术装备[J].农业工程技术,2017,37(30):22-26.
[3] Rodriguez-Saona C. Biological control:Ecology andapplications[J]. Am. Entomol.,2018,64(1):E2.
[4] Brodeur J,Abram P K,Heimpel G E,et al.. Trends inbiological control:Public interest,international networking andresearch direction[J]. BioControl,2018,63(1):11-26.
[5] Akbaba M,Ozaktan H. Biocontrol of angular leaf spot diseaseand colonization of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)byendophytic bacteria[J]. Egyptian J. Biol. Pest Control,2018,28(1):14.
[6] Beck B,Brusselman E,Nuyttens D,et al.. Improving thebiocontrol potential of entomopathogenic nematodes againstMamestra brassicae:Effect of spray application technique,adjuvants and an attractant[J]. Pest Manage. Sci.,2014,70(1):103-112.
[7] Chauhan A,Ranjan A,Jindal T. Biological control agents forsustainable agriculture,safe water and soil health[A]. In:Jindal T. Paradigms in Pollution Prevention[M]. SpringerInternational Publishing AG,2018.
[8] Van Lenteren J C,Bolckmans K,Khl J,et al.. Biologicalcontrol using invertebrates and microorganisms:Plenty of newopportunities[J]. BioControl,2018,63(1):39-59.
[9] Barratt B I P,Moran V C,Bigler F,et al.. The status ofbiological control and recommendations for improving uptake forthe future[J]. Biocontrol,2018,63(1):155-167.
[10]余露.我国生物农药产品登记占农药登记总数超十成[J].农药市场信息,2017(2):37-38.
[11]张波,翟长远,李瀚哲,等.精准施药技术与装备发展现状分析[J].农机化研究,2016(4):1-5,28.Zhang B, Zhai C Y, Li H Z, et al.. Development statusanalysis of precision pesticide application techniques andequipments[J]. J. Agric. Mechan. Res.,2016(4):1-5,28.
[12]全国农业技术推广服务中心.植保机械与施药技术应用指南[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2015.
[13] Urso L M,Wegener J K,Hrsten D V,et al.. Crop productionof the future———Possible with a new approach[J]? Adv.Anim. Biosci.,2017,8(2):734-737.
[14]邱峰,杜永年,秦海生.我国植保机械化发展研究[J].现代农机,2018(4):26-29.
[15]何雄奎,严苛荣,储金宇,等.果园自动对靶静电喷雾机设计与试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2003,19(6):78-80.He X K,Yan K R,Chu J Y,et al.. Design and testing of theautomatic target detecting,electrostatic,air assisted,orchardsprayer[J]. Trans. CSAE,2003,19(6):78-80.
[16]池淑筠,宁堂原,李汝莘.履带自走式果园风送喷雾机[P].中国,CN 202504082U.
[17]李龙龙,何雄奎,宋坚利,等.基于变量喷雾的果园自动仿形喷雾机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(1):70-76.Li L L,He X K,Song J L,et al.. Design and experiment ofautomatic profiling orchard sprayer based on variable air volumeand flow rate[J]. Trans. CSAE,2017,33(1):70-76.
[18]周海燕,杨学军,严荷荣,等.高地隙精准变量植物保护机械研究开发[J].农业机械,2006(9):35-36.
[19] He X K,Bonds J,Herbst A,et al.. Recent development ofunmanned aerial vehicle for plant protection in East Asia[J].Int. J. Agric. Biol. Engin.,2017,10(3):18-30.
[20] Yang S,Yang X,Mo J. The application of unmanned aircraftsystems to plant protection in China[J]. Precision Agric.,2018,19(2):278-292.
[21]何勇.农用无人机技术及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2018.
[22]吴笛,李君兴,袁洪印.植保无人机低空低量喷雾技术研究现状[J].农业与技术,2018(1):45-47.
[23] West J S,Kimber R B E. Innovations in air sampling to detectplant pathogens[J]. Ann. Appl. Biol.,2015,166(1):4-17.
[24] Yang Z,Zheng L,Li M,et al.. Matching algorithm for plantprotecting unmanned aerial vehicles and plant protecting jobsbased on R-tree spatial index[J]. Trans. CSAE,2017,33:92-98.
[25] Liu D,Gong Y,Wang G,et al.. Development of centrifugalatomization technique in the field of plant protection machinery[J]. Plant Diseases Pests,2017,8(3):39-42.
[26] Kourmatzis A,Lowe A,Masri A R. Conditioned analysis ofeffervescent atomization[J]. J. Energy Engin.,2017,143(5):04017019.
[27] Laryea G N. Spray characteristics of conventional andelectrostatic pressure-swirl nozzle[J]. J. Appl. Sci. Technol.,2009,14(1-2):44329.
[28]周良富,张玲,薛新宇,等.双气流道辅助静电喷头设计与试验[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(24):192-196.
[29]张亚莉,兰玉彬,Bradley K F,等.美国航空静电喷雾系统的发展历史与中国应用现状[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(10):1-7.Zhang Y L,Lan Y B,Bradley K F,et al.. Development ofaerial electrostatic spraying systems in the United States andapplications in China[J]. Trans. CSAE,2016,32(10):1-7.
[30]刘武兰,周志艳,陈盛德,等.航空静电喷雾技术现状及其在植保无人机中应用的思考[J].农机化研究,2018,40(5):1-9.Liu W L, Zhou Z Y, Chen S D, et al.. Status of aerialelectrostatic spraying technology and its application in plantprotection UAV[J]. J. Agric. Mechan. Res.,2018,40(5):1-9.
[31]周晴晴,薛新宇,杨风波,等.离心喷嘴雾滴运动轨迹与沉积分布特性[J].江苏大学学报(自然科学版),2017,38(1):18-23.Zhou Q Q, Xue X Y, Yang F B, et al.. Trajectory anddeposition distribution features of centrifugal atomization nozzledroplet[J]. J. Jiangsu Univ.(Nat. Sci.),2017,38(1):18-23.
[32]茹煜,周宏平,贾志成.背负式高速电动离心雾化喷雾器的设计[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2012,18(3):185-188.Ru Y,Zhou H P,Jia Z C. The design of knapsack high-speedelectric centrifugal atomizing sprayer[J]. Chin. J. HygienicInsecticides Equipments,2012,18(3):185-188.
[33]王佳文,杨自栋.自动调平喷杆式喷药机设计与试验研究[J].农机化研究,2016,38(7):162-166.Wang J W,Yang Z D. Design and experimental research onautomatic levelling boom sprayer[J]. J. Agric. Mechan. Res.,2016,38(7):162-166.
[34]李锟,郑晓培.喷药机变量施药控制系统的研究[J].农机使用与维修,2017(12):5-6.
[35]王金星,刘双喜,张菡,等.无人机变量施药自动控制系统及方法[P].中国,CN105173085B.
[36]王成达.直立风送式对靶喷药机设计研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,硕士学位论文,2016.Wang C D. Design and study of vertical air target sprayingmachine[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Forestry,MasterDissertation,2016.
[37] Gouli V, Kassa A, Skinner M, et al.. Fungal conidiadistribution on chrysanthemum:Varying spray parameters[J].Archives Phytopathol. Plant Prot.,2011,44(6):567-574.
[38] Ugine T A,Wraight S P,Sanderson J P. Acquisition of lethaldoses of Beauveria bassiana conidia by western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis,exposed to foliar spray residues offormulated and unformulated conidia[J]. J. InvertebratePathol.,2005,90(1):10-23.
[39] Ugine T A, Wraight S P, Sanderson J P. Effects ofmanipulating spray-application parameters on efficacy of theentomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana against westernflower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis,infesting greenhouseimpatiens crops[J]. Biocontrol Sci. Technol.,2007,17(2):193-219.
[40] Goble T A,Gardescu S,Jackson M A,et al.. EvaluatingMetarhizium brunneum F52 microsclerotia in hydromulchformulations using different tackifiers under forest and orchardconditions[J]. Biocontrol,2017,62(6):769-778.
[41] Beck B,Brusselman E,Nuyttens D,et al.. Improving foliarapplications of entomopathogenic nematodes by selectingadjuvants and spray nozzles[J]. Biocontrol Sci. Technol.,2013,23(5):507-520.
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