不同淀粉型木薯品种采后块根变质生理特性的比较
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摘要
为探明不同淀粉型木薯品种采后块根变质的生理特性,以淀粉含量较高的木薯品种‘辐选01’(RS01)和淀粉含量较低的木薯品种‘华南124’(SC124)为试材,测定采后贮藏0、5、10、15和20d的块根生理指标。结果表明:随着贮藏时间的延长,块根褐化程度逐渐加深,干物质含量和CAT酶活性变化趋势为先下降后上升,淀粉含量为先上升后下降,MDA含量和SOD酶活性为先上升后下降再上升,POD酶活性则表现为持续上升趋势。RS01贮藏过程中块根褐化程度较严重,贮藏第5天褐化面积达30%,而SC124贮藏第20天才开始出现褐化。淀粉含量较高的木薯品种块根干物质含量较高且变化大,失水速率较快,MDA含量较高,SOD、POD和CAT酶活性均较高。可见,块根采后抗变质能力与淀粉含量有密切关系,淀粉含量越高的木薯品种采后块根越容易发生变质。
The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological characteristics of post-harvest deterioration in cassava tuberous roots with different starch content.The physiological indexes of tuberous roots of different cassava varieties with higher starch content(RS01)and lower starch content(SC124)were measured at 0,5,10,15 and 20 days post harvest.The results showed that:With the storage duration,the browning degree of tuberous roots was gradually deepened,dry matter content and CAT enzymatic activities were firstly decreased and then increased,starch content was firstly increased and then decreased.Meanwhile,MDA content and SOD enzymatic activities were firstly increased and then decreased,lastly increased,and the POD enzymatic activities was continue increased.RS01's browning degree was more serious,it reached 30%in 5 dpost harvest,and browning was discovered on SC124 20 d postharvest.In the roots of cassava varieties with higher starch,its dry matter content was richer and more changeable,water was lost faster,MDA content was richer.The SOD,POD and CAT enzymatic activities all were stronger during the storage process.In conclusion,there were significantly correlation of storability with starch content that the storability of cassava varieties with low starch is stronger than those with high starch.
The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological characteristics of post-harvest deterioration in cassava tuberous roots with different starch content.The physiological indexes of tuberous roots of different cassava varieties with higher starch content(RS01)and lower starch content(SC124)were measured at 0,5,10,15 and 20 days post harvest.The results showed that:With the storage duration,the browning degree of tuberous roots was gradually deepened,dry matter content and CAT enzymatic activities were firstly decreased and then increased,starch content was firstly increased and then decreased.Meanwhile,MDA content and SOD enzymatic activities were firstly increased and then decreased,lastly increased,and the POD enzymatic activities was continue increased.RS01's browning degree was more serious,it reached 30%in 5 dpost harvest,and browning was discovered on SC124 20 d postharvest.In the roots of cassava varieties with higher starch,its dry matter content was richer and more changeable,water was lost faster,MDA content was richer.The SOD,POD and CAT enzymatic activities all were stronger during the storage process.In conclusion,there were significantly correlation of storability with starch content that the storability of cassava varieties with low starch is stronger than those with high starch.
引文
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[18]潘德灼,盖永红,吕晓杰,蒋雨露,邱志敏.龙眼果实采后果皮褐变过程差异蛋白表达分析[J].果树学报,2016,33(5):542-551Pan D Z,Gai Y H,Lv X J,Jiang Y L,Qiu Z M.Analysis of differentially expressed proteins during the pericarp browning of postharvest longan fruit[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2016,33(5):542-551(in Chinese)
[19]南海风,朱冠宇,樊丽,刘艳,刘欢,郭金丽.草莓果实采后衰老过程中活性氧及保护酶活性的变化[J].北方园艺,2016,(15):123-126Nan H F,Zhu G Y,Fan L,Liu Y,Liu H,Guo J L.The Dynamic variation of reactive oxygen and protective enzyme activity during the ageing process in strawberry fruit[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,(15):123-126(in Chinese)
[20]刘琳,毛凯,干友民,白史且,李君,唐雪辉.抗寒锻炼对假俭草SOD、POD活性及MDA含量的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2005,44(6):87-89Liu L,Mao K,Gan Y M,Bai S Q,Li J,Tang X H.Effects of cold hardening on SOD,POD activities and MDA contents in different populations of wild centipede grass[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2005,44(6):87-89(in Chinese)
[21]赖建勋.荔枝采后果皮抗氧化系统重要酶的活性变化及其基因的差异表达[D].儋州:华南热带农业大学,2007Lai J X.Antioxidant enzymes activities and their genes expression in postharvest litchi[D].Danzhou:South China University of Tropical Agriculture,2007(in Chinese)
[22]单忠英,罗兴录,樊吴静,罗璇.干旱胁迫对木薯苗生理特性影响研究[J].热带作物学报,2015,36(2):339-343Shan Z Y,Luo X L,Fan W J,Luo X.Effects of drought stress on the physiological characteristics of cassava seeding[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2015,36(2):339-343(in Chinese)
[2]林莹,古碧,刘婷,查春月,谢江.不同贮藏方式对木薯鲜薯品质的影响[J].热带农业工程,2011,35(2):5-8Lin Y,Gu B,Liu T,Cha C J,Xie J.Effect of different storage ways on the quality of fresh cassava[J].Tropical Agricultural Engineering,2011,35(2):5-8(in Chinese)
[3]Ihemere U,Arias-garzon D,Lawrence S,Sayre R.Genetic modification of cassava for enhanced starch production[J].Plant Biotechnology Journal,2006,4(4):453-465
[4]张振文,李开绵.木薯块根采后腐烂及贮藏方法研究进展[J].热带作物学报,2012,33(7):1326-1331Zhang Z W,Li K M.Review on postharvest deterioration and methods of storage for cassava tuberous root[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2012,33(7):1326-1331(in Chinese)
[5]JoséA.García,Teresa Sanchez,Hernan Ceballos.Nondestructive sampling procedure for biochemical or gene expression studies on postharvest physiological deterioration of cassava roots[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2013,86:529-535
[6]巩慧玲,赵萍,杨俊丰.马铃薯贮藏期间淀粉和还原糖含量的变化及回温处理的影响[J].食品工业科技,2008,29(2):277-279,316Gong H L,Zhao P,Yang J F.Effects of warming up treatment on contents of starch and reducing sugar of potato during storage[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2008,29(2):277-279,316(in Chinese)
[7]Van Oirschot Q E A,O’Brien G M,Dufour D,El-Sharkawy MA,Mesa E.The effect of pre-harvest pruning of cassava upon root deterioration and quality characteristics[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2000,80(13):1866-1873
[8]张有林,张润光,王鑫腾.甘薯采后生理、主要病害及贮藏技术研究[J].中国农业科学,2014,3(47):553-563Zhang Y L,Zhang R G,Wang X T.Study on postharvest physiology,main diseases and storage technology of sweet potato[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(3):553-563(in Chinese)
[9]Owiti J,Grossmann J,Gehrig P,Dessimoz C,Laloi C,Hansen M B,Gruissem W,Vanderschuren H.iTRAQ-based analysis of changes in the cassava root proteome reveals pathways associated with post-harvest physiological deterioration[J].The Plant Journal,2011,67(1):145-156
[10]姚庆群,张振文.木薯采后生理性变质与淀粉特性研究[J].热带农业科学,2012,32(12):12-15Yao Q Q,Zhang Z W.Physiological deterioration and starch characteristics of harvest cassava tuberous root[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture,2012,32(12):12-15(in Chinese)
[11]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB5009-3,水分含量的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010Ministry of Health of the PRC.GB5009-3,Determination of Water Content[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2010(in Chinese)
[12]上海植物生理学会.植物生理学实验手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1985Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology.Experimental Manual of Plant Physiology[M].Shanghai:Shanghai science and Technology Press,1985(in Chinese)
[13]何照范.粮油籽粒品质及其分析技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1985He Z F.Grain and Oil Grain Quality and Its Analytical Techniques[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,1985(in Chinese)
[14]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000Li H S.Principles and Techniques of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Experiments[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2000(in Chinese)
[15]赵平娟,孙海彦,黎娟华,卢诚,彭明.木薯采后生理性变质的研究进展[J].热带农业科学,2013,33(1):35-41Zhao P J,Sun H Y,Li J H,Lu C,Peng M.Review of cassava post-harvest physiological deterioration research[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture,2013,33(1):35-41(in Chinese)
[16]马秋香,许佳,乔爱民,张鹏.木薯储藏根采后生理性变质研究进展[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2009,17(3):309-314Ma Q X,Xu J,Qiao A M,Zhang P.Current progress in studies on post-harvest physiological deterioration of cassava storage roots[J].Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,2009,17(3):309-314(in Chinese)
[17]简纯平,张振文,李庚虎,安飞飞.4个华南系列木薯品种块根采后贮存能力分析[J].热带农业科学,2013,33(7):74-79Jian C P,Zhang Z W,Li G H,An F F.Storage ability analysis of postharvest tuberous roots of 4cassava varieties[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture,2013,33(7):74-79(in Chinese)
[18]潘德灼,盖永红,吕晓杰,蒋雨露,邱志敏.龙眼果实采后果皮褐变过程差异蛋白表达分析[J].果树学报,2016,33(5):542-551Pan D Z,Gai Y H,Lv X J,Jiang Y L,Qiu Z M.Analysis of differentially expressed proteins during the pericarp browning of postharvest longan fruit[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2016,33(5):542-551(in Chinese)
[19]南海风,朱冠宇,樊丽,刘艳,刘欢,郭金丽.草莓果实采后衰老过程中活性氧及保护酶活性的变化[J].北方园艺,2016,(15):123-126Nan H F,Zhu G Y,Fan L,Liu Y,Liu H,Guo J L.The Dynamic variation of reactive oxygen and protective enzyme activity during the ageing process in strawberry fruit[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,(15):123-126(in Chinese)
[20]刘琳,毛凯,干友民,白史且,李君,唐雪辉.抗寒锻炼对假俭草SOD、POD活性及MDA含量的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2005,44(6):87-89Liu L,Mao K,Gan Y M,Bai S Q,Li J,Tang X H.Effects of cold hardening on SOD,POD activities and MDA contents in different populations of wild centipede grass[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2005,44(6):87-89(in Chinese)
[21]赖建勋.荔枝采后果皮抗氧化系统重要酶的活性变化及其基因的差异表达[D].儋州:华南热带农业大学,2007Lai J X.Antioxidant enzymes activities and their genes expression in postharvest litchi[D].Danzhou:South China University of Tropical Agriculture,2007(in Chinese)
[22]单忠英,罗兴录,樊吴静,罗璇.干旱胁迫对木薯苗生理特性影响研究[J].热带作物学报,2015,36(2):339-343Shan Z Y,Luo X L,Fan W J,Luo X.Effects of drought stress on the physiological characteristics of cassava seeding[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2015,36(2):339-343(in Chinese)
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