笼养、平养、茶园散养对旧院黑鸡蛋品质及营养成分的影响
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摘要
【目的】探究笼养、大棚平养和茶园散养3种饲养方式对旧院黑鸡蛋品质的影响,并分析消费者更青睐散养蛋的原因。【方法】将600只1日龄旧院黑鸡雏鸡按笼养、平养、散养3种饲养方式随机均分成3组,饲喂至40周龄时每天下午定时捡蛋,并分组标记。比较3种饲养方式下的蛋重、蛋形指数、新鲜度、蛋壳强度等蛋品质和粗蛋白、脂肪、氨基酸等营养组分差异。【结果】笼养组的蛋重、蛋黄重、含水率显著高于平养组和散养组(P<0.05);平养组SRC值最高为87.23;散养组在蛋壳颜色、蛋黄色泽、哈氏单位、脂肪、卵磷脂及鲜味氨基酸含量上显著高于其他两组(P<0.05),胆固醇含量显著低于其他两组(P<0.05)。【结论】不同饲养条件下的蛋重、新鲜度、氨基酸等蛋品质指标存在显著差异:平养条件下的鸡蛋氨基酸营养价值最好,茶园散养的鸡蛋在新鲜度、胆固醇、卵磷脂含量及食品风味上更优。
【Objective】To explore the effects of three housing systems-cage,flat,free-ranging in tea plantation on egg quality in Jiuyuan black fowl in this study,and analyze why consumers prefer freeranging eggs.【Method】600 chickens of one-day-old Jiuyuan black chicken were randomly divided into3 groups according to cage,flat and free-range. At 40 weeks of age,the eggs were regularly picked up between 13 ∶00-16∶30 and marked in groups. We measured and compared the egg quality and nutrient content of these eggs rearing in three housing systems.【Result】The egg weight,yolk weight and water content of cage group were significantly higher than those in flat-raising group and free-range group(P<0.05). The highest SRC score at 87.23 was obtained in the eggs of the flat-raising group. The egg shell color,egg yolk color,Haste's unit,fat,lecithin and umami amino acid content in free-raising group was significantly higher than the other two groups(P< 0.05),but its cholesterol content was significantly lower(P< 0.05).【Conclusion】There were significant differences in egg quality partially under different feeding conditions. Eggs under the conditions of flattening have the best nutritional value of amino acids,Freerange eggs in tea plantation are better on freshness,cholesterol,lecithin content and food flavor.
【Objective】To explore the effects of three housing systems-cage,flat,free-ranging in tea plantation on egg quality in Jiuyuan black fowl in this study,and analyze why consumers prefer freeranging eggs.【Method】600 chickens of one-day-old Jiuyuan black chicken were randomly divided into3 groups according to cage,flat and free-range. At 40 weeks of age,the eggs were regularly picked up between 13 ∶00-16∶30 and marked in groups. We measured and compared the egg quality and nutrient content of these eggs rearing in three housing systems.【Result】The egg weight,yolk weight and water content of cage group were significantly higher than those in flat-raising group and free-range group(P<0.05). The highest SRC score at 87.23 was obtained in the eggs of the flat-raising group. The egg shell color,egg yolk color,Haste's unit,fat,lecithin and umami amino acid content in free-raising group was significantly higher than the other two groups(P< 0.05),but its cholesterol content was significantly lower(P< 0.05).【Conclusion】There were significant differences in egg quality partially under different feeding conditions. Eggs under the conditions of flattening have the best nutritional value of amino acids,Freerange eggs in tea plantation are better on freshness,cholesterol,lecithin content and food flavor.
引文
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[3]吉小凤,杨华,汪建妹,等.笼养和散养对仙居鸡蛋品质及主要营养成分的影响[J].中国家禽,2018, 40(10):31-34.
[4]张本飞,熊艳.四川茶园生产现状及改进措施研究[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(1):369-371,375.
[5]尹玲倩,满春伟,李菁菁,等.三种鸡种在不同饲养方式下的蛋品质比较与分析[J].当代畜牧,2017(18):1-4.
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[9]黄永梅,袁韫聪,赵小玲,等.笼养和地面平养蛋鸡配套组合群体的生产性能比较[J].四川农业大学学报,2014,32(3):326-330.
[10] STADELMAN W J, NEWKIRK D, NEWBY L. Egg science and technology[M]. Beltsville,Maryland:CRC Press,1995.
[11] BISWAS A, WAKITA M. Comparison of two dietary factors, green tea powder feeding and feed restriction, influencing laying performance and egg quality in hens[J]. Bulletin of the Faculty of Bioresources,Mie University,2001,25(26):55-61.
[12] KOO S I, NOH S K. Green tea extract(GTE)is more effective than epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)and epicatechin(EC)in inhibiting the lymphatic absorption of cholesterol(CH)and other lipids[J].Faseb Journal, 2008, 22(6):44-46.
[13] UUGANBAYAR D, BAE I, CHOI K, et al. Effects of green tea powder on laying performance and egg quality in laying hens[J].Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2005,18(12):1769.
[14]王人悦.绿茶粉及茶多酚对蛋鸡血液生化指标、生产性能及鸡蛋品质的影响[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2007.
[15]刘虎,方热军.提高鸡蛋卵磷脂含量的调控措施及其机制[J].广东饲料,2016, 25(7):44-46.
[16]张琳,李连,刘莹,等.黄酮类化合物影响卵磷脂的研究进展[J].中国畜牧杂志,2012, 48(17):74-77.
[17]蔡东联.实用营养学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2005:351-353.
[18]刘忠伟,艾淼,陈伟,等.倒毛鸡鸡蛋品质及氨基酸组成分析与营养评价[J].中国家禽,2015. 37(14):17-21.
[2]顾荣,王克华,施寿荣,等.不同饲养方式对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响[J].家禽科学,2010(8):10-12.
[3]吉小凤,杨华,汪建妹,等.笼养和散养对仙居鸡蛋品质及主要营养成分的影响[J].中国家禽,2018, 40(10):31-34.
[4]张本飞,熊艳.四川茶园生产现状及改进措施研究[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(1):369-371,375.
[5]尹玲倩,满春伟,李菁菁,等.三种鸡种在不同饲养方式下的蛋品质比较与分析[J].当代畜牧,2017(18):1-4.
[6] STADELMAN W J. Quality identification of shell eggs[M]. Springer,1986.
[7] WHO. Energy and protein equirements:report of a joint FAO/WHO/UNU expert consultation[R]. WHO, 1973.
[8]朱圣陶,吴坤.蛋白质营养价值评价:氨基酸比值系数法[J].营养学报,1988,10(2):187-190.
[9]黄永梅,袁韫聪,赵小玲,等.笼养和地面平养蛋鸡配套组合群体的生产性能比较[J].四川农业大学学报,2014,32(3):326-330.
[10] STADELMAN W J, NEWKIRK D, NEWBY L. Egg science and technology[M]. Beltsville,Maryland:CRC Press,1995.
[11] BISWAS A, WAKITA M. Comparison of two dietary factors, green tea powder feeding and feed restriction, influencing laying performance and egg quality in hens[J]. Bulletin of the Faculty of Bioresources,Mie University,2001,25(26):55-61.
[12] KOO S I, NOH S K. Green tea extract(GTE)is more effective than epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)and epicatechin(EC)in inhibiting the lymphatic absorption of cholesterol(CH)and other lipids[J].Faseb Journal, 2008, 22(6):44-46.
[13] UUGANBAYAR D, BAE I, CHOI K, et al. Effects of green tea powder on laying performance and egg quality in laying hens[J].Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2005,18(12):1769.
[14]王人悦.绿茶粉及茶多酚对蛋鸡血液生化指标、生产性能及鸡蛋品质的影响[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2007.
[15]刘虎,方热军.提高鸡蛋卵磷脂含量的调控措施及其机制[J].广东饲料,2016, 25(7):44-46.
[16]张琳,李连,刘莹,等.黄酮类化合物影响卵磷脂的研究进展[J].中国畜牧杂志,2012, 48(17):74-77.
[17]蔡东联.实用营养学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2005:351-353.
[18]刘忠伟,艾淼,陈伟,等.倒毛鸡鸡蛋品质及氨基酸组成分析与营养评价[J].中国家禽,2015. 37(14):17-21.
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