大数据时代的语料库译者风格研究
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摘要
鉴于当前语料库译者风格研究不足,本文探讨了大数据时代背景下,语料库译者风格研究在研究理念、方法和内容三个层面跨学科拓展的方向。在研究理念层面,语料库译者风格研究应吸纳大数据时代"系统性""整体性"和"相关性"的理念并借鉴计量语言学的语言观,从静态的描写研究和线性的因果关系探究转向翻译文本语言特征之间以及原文本与译本风格特征之间的动态和互动协同的相关关系研究,从局部风格考察转向整体风格考察;在定量统计方法层面,语料库译者风格研究应综合使用数据挖掘、计量语言学、计算语言学和计量风格学等相邻学科的复杂定量统计算法,考察译者"指纹"和译本的翻译风格;在研究内容方面,语料库译者风格研究应引入熵值、重复率、相似度、依存句法、译者情感"指纹"和译本情感效度等参数内容,同时进行社会、文化参数的拓展,扩展研究领域,实现深度的跨学科、交叉融合发展。
In the Big Data Era, corpus-based study of translator's style has become increasingly deficient. To address these deficiencies, this paper discusses three aspects for the further interdisciplinary development of this field, including the concepts, methodology and scope of its research. First, concepts like "systematicity", "holisticness", "relevance" and the linguistic outlook unique to quantitative linguistics should be incorporated into corpus-based studies of translator's style. This enlists and signifies a shift from the inert and causal approach of the field to a dynamic and synergetic one and a shift from an investigation of the local style to the global style of translated texts. Second, methodologically, complex quantitative and statistical methods should be borrowed from neighboring disciplines for tasks such as examining translator's thumbprint or translation style, which may include data mining, computational linguistics, quantitative linguistics and stylometry studies, to name just a few. Third, new parameters and contents of study should also be imported from other disciplines, for instance, Entropy, Repeat Rate, Similarity, Syntactic Dependence, Affective Traces, Translation Effectiveness of Affective Expressions, etc. Furthermore, parameters from socio-cultural scope of this field could be included for a further and in-depth development of interdisciplinary and integrated translation studies.
In the Big Data Era, corpus-based study of translator's style has become increasingly deficient. To address these deficiencies, this paper discusses three aspects for the further interdisciplinary development of this field, including the concepts, methodology and scope of its research. First, concepts like "systematicity", "holisticness", "relevance" and the linguistic outlook unique to quantitative linguistics should be incorporated into corpus-based studies of translator's style. This enlists and signifies a shift from the inert and causal approach of the field to a dynamic and synergetic one and a shift from an investigation of the local style to the global style of translated texts. Second, methodologically, complex quantitative and statistical methods should be borrowed from neighboring disciplines for tasks such as examining translator's thumbprint or translation style, which may include data mining, computational linguistics, quantitative linguistics and stylometry studies, to name just a few. Third, new parameters and contents of study should also be imported from other disciplines, for instance, Entropy, Repeat Rate, Similarity, Syntactic Dependence, Affective Traces, Translation Effectiveness of Affective Expressions, etc. Furthermore, parameters from socio-cultural scope of this field could be included for a further and in-depth development of interdisciplinary and integrated translation studies.
引文
[1] Baker, M. Corpus linguistics and translation studies: Implication and applications[A]. In M. Baker, G. Francies & E. Tognini-Bonelli(eds.). Text and Technology: In Honour of John Sinclair[C]. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993:233-250.
[2] Baker, M. Towards a methodology for investigating the style of a literary translator[J]. Target, 2000(2): 241-266.
[3] Hermans, T. Translation in Systems: Descriptive and System-oriented Approaches Explained[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2004.
[4] Hey, T., Tansley, S. & K.Tolle. 第四范式:数据密集型科学发现[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2012.
[5] Kubát, M. & R. Cech. Thematic concentration and vocabulary richness[A]. In E. Kelih(ed.). Issues in Quantitative Linguistics 4[C]. Lüdenscheid: RAM-Verlag, 2016: 150-159.
[6] Laney, D. 3D Data Management: Controlling Data Volume, Velocity, and Variety[Z]. New York: META Group, 2001.
[7] Laviosa, S. Corpus-based Translation Studies: Theory, Findings and Applications[M]. Amesterdam: Rodopi, 2002.
[8] Meng, J. Exploratory Statistical Techniques for the Study of Literary Translations[M]. Lüdenscheid: RAM-Verlag, 2013.
[9] Rybicki, J. The great mystery of the (almost) invisible translator: Stylometry in translation[A]. In Michael, P. O. & Meng, Ji. (eds.). Quantitative Methods in Corpus-based Translation Studies: A Practical Guide to Descriptive Studies[C]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2012: 231-250.
[10]Rybicki, J. & M. Heydel. The stylistics and stylometry of collaborative translation: Woolf’s Night and Day in Polish[J]. Literary and Linguistic Computing, 2013(4): 708-717.
[11]陈二静,姜恩波.文本相似度计算方法研究综述[J].数据分析与知识发现,2017(6):1-11.
[12]邓耀臣,冯志伟.词汇长度与词汇频数关系的计量语言学研究[J].外国语,2013(3):29-39.
[13]韩红建,蒋跃.复杂适应系统理论下的翻译观研究[J].中国翻译,2017(2):19-24.
[14]胡开宝,谢丽欣.基于语料库的译者风格研究:内涵与路径[J].中国翻译,2017(2):12-18.
[15]黄立波.语料库译者风格研究反思[J].外语教学,2018(1):77-81.
[16]姜晖,王强.复杂适应系统理论下的语言发展观[J].西安外国语大学学报, 2013(1):18-21.
[17]蒋跃,张英贤,韩红建.人机翻译英语被动句相似度的向量距离测算[J].西安交通大学学报(社会科学版),2016(3):110-116.
[18]刘海涛.大数据时代的语言计量研究[J].山西大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2015(2):40.
[19]刘海涛,黄伟.计量语言学的现状、理论与方法[J].浙江大学学报(社会科学版),2012(2):178-192.
[20]刘海涛,林燕妮.大数据时代语言研究的方法和趋向[J].新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018(1):72-83.
[21]刘爽,赵景秀,等.文本情感分析综述[J].软件导刊,2018(6):1-4,21.
[22]刘泽权,王梦瑶.多变量方法在文学风格考察中的应用——以《老人与海》为例[J].外语电化教学,2017(5):61-67,92.
[23]司炳月,霍跃红.基于语料库的翻译文体学视角下译者的情感指纹研究[J].外语电化教学,2014(2):55-60.
[24]舍恩伯格,库克耶.大数据时代:生活、工作与思维的大变革[M].盛杨燕、周涛,译.杭州:浙江人民出版社,2013.
[25]宋庆伟,匡华,吴建平.国内语料库翻译学20年述评(1993—2012)[J].上海翻译,2013(2):25-29.
[26]许家金.语料库翻译研究遗珠[J].解放军外国语学院学报,2018(3):1-10.
[27]肖开容.“遭遇”第四范式的浪潮:大数据时代的翻译研究[J].外语学刊,2018(2):90-95.
[28]徐盛桓.语言学研究的因果和方法论[J].中国外语,2008(5):24-28.
[29]张道振,方玲玲. 文体选择和译者的价值取向[J].西安外国语大学学报, 2016(2): 113-117.
[30]张继光.国内语料库翻译学研究状况的科学知识图谱分析(1993-2014)[J].上海翻译,2016(3):34-40.
[31]詹菊红,蒋跃.语言计量特征在译者身份判定中的应用——以《傲慢与偏见》的两个译本为例[J].外语学刊,2016(3):95-101.
[32]詹菊红,蒋跃.机器学习算法在翻译风格研究中的应用[J].外语教学,2017(5):80-85.
[2] Baker, M. Towards a methodology for investigating the style of a literary translator[J]. Target, 2000(2): 241-266.
[3] Hermans, T. Translation in Systems: Descriptive and System-oriented Approaches Explained[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2004.
[4] Hey, T., Tansley, S. & K.Tolle. 第四范式:数据密集型科学发现[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2012.
[5] Kubát, M. & R. Cech. Thematic concentration and vocabulary richness[A]. In E. Kelih(ed.). Issues in Quantitative Linguistics 4[C]. Lüdenscheid: RAM-Verlag, 2016: 150-159.
[6] Laney, D. 3D Data Management: Controlling Data Volume, Velocity, and Variety[Z]. New York: META Group, 2001.
[7] Laviosa, S. Corpus-based Translation Studies: Theory, Findings and Applications[M]. Amesterdam: Rodopi, 2002.
[8] Meng, J. Exploratory Statistical Techniques for the Study of Literary Translations[M]. Lüdenscheid: RAM-Verlag, 2013.
[9] Rybicki, J. The great mystery of the (almost) invisible translator: Stylometry in translation[A]. In Michael, P. O. & Meng, Ji. (eds.). Quantitative Methods in Corpus-based Translation Studies: A Practical Guide to Descriptive Studies[C]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2012: 231-250.
[10]Rybicki, J. & M. Heydel. The stylistics and stylometry of collaborative translation: Woolf’s Night and Day in Polish[J]. Literary and Linguistic Computing, 2013(4): 708-717.
[11]陈二静,姜恩波.文本相似度计算方法研究综述[J].数据分析与知识发现,2017(6):1-11.
[12]邓耀臣,冯志伟.词汇长度与词汇频数关系的计量语言学研究[J].外国语,2013(3):29-39.
[13]韩红建,蒋跃.复杂适应系统理论下的翻译观研究[J].中国翻译,2017(2):19-24.
[14]胡开宝,谢丽欣.基于语料库的译者风格研究:内涵与路径[J].中国翻译,2017(2):12-18.
[15]黄立波.语料库译者风格研究反思[J].外语教学,2018(1):77-81.
[16]姜晖,王强.复杂适应系统理论下的语言发展观[J].西安外国语大学学报, 2013(1):18-21.
[17]蒋跃,张英贤,韩红建.人机翻译英语被动句相似度的向量距离测算[J].西安交通大学学报(社会科学版),2016(3):110-116.
[18]刘海涛.大数据时代的语言计量研究[J].山西大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2015(2):40.
[19]刘海涛,黄伟.计量语言学的现状、理论与方法[J].浙江大学学报(社会科学版),2012(2):178-192.
[20]刘海涛,林燕妮.大数据时代语言研究的方法和趋向[J].新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018(1):72-83.
[21]刘爽,赵景秀,等.文本情感分析综述[J].软件导刊,2018(6):1-4,21.
[22]刘泽权,王梦瑶.多变量方法在文学风格考察中的应用——以《老人与海》为例[J].外语电化教学,2017(5):61-67,92.
[23]司炳月,霍跃红.基于语料库的翻译文体学视角下译者的情感指纹研究[J].外语电化教学,2014(2):55-60.
[24]舍恩伯格,库克耶.大数据时代:生活、工作与思维的大变革[M].盛杨燕、周涛,译.杭州:浙江人民出版社,2013.
[25]宋庆伟,匡华,吴建平.国内语料库翻译学20年述评(1993—2012)[J].上海翻译,2013(2):25-29.
[26]许家金.语料库翻译研究遗珠[J].解放军外国语学院学报,2018(3):1-10.
[27]肖开容.“遭遇”第四范式的浪潮:大数据时代的翻译研究[J].外语学刊,2018(2):90-95.
[28]徐盛桓.语言学研究的因果和方法论[J].中国外语,2008(5):24-28.
[29]张道振,方玲玲. 文体选择和译者的价值取向[J].西安外国语大学学报, 2016(2): 113-117.
[30]张继光.国内语料库翻译学研究状况的科学知识图谱分析(1993-2014)[J].上海翻译,2016(3):34-40.
[31]詹菊红,蒋跃.语言计量特征在译者身份判定中的应用——以《傲慢与偏见》的两个译本为例[J].外语学刊,2016(3):95-101.
[32]詹菊红,蒋跃.机器学习算法在翻译风格研究中的应用[J].外语教学,2017(5):80-85.
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