知识生产模式转型与学科建设模式创新
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摘要
自现代大学产生以来,知识生产模式先后经历了从模式1、模式2到模式3的转型。相应地,学科建设模式也经历了从单一学科、跨学科以及超学科的演变。在现代知识生产模式转型过程中,学科建设面临封闭性与开放性、理论性与实践性、知识性与公益性等知识生产要素之间的矛盾和困境。实践中,应从学科建设理念、学科体系、学科组织等方面推进学科建设模式创新,以适应知识生产模式转型的新要求。
Since the emergence of modern universities,the mode of knowledge production has undergone a transformation from mode 1,mode 2 to mode 3.Correspondingly,the discipline construction has also undergone an evolution from the single disciplinary mode,the interdisciplinary mode to the trans-disciplinary mode.This paper analyzes the conflicts and dilemma in discipline construction between closed development and opening development,theory and practice,knowledge-based development and public welfare-based development,and among other knowledge production elements during the transformation of knowledge production mode.Subsequently,this paper proposes to push forward innovation on discipline construction in discipline construction concept,discipline system,and the organization of disciplines,so as to meet the new requirements in practice for the knowledge production mode transformation.
Since the emergence of modern universities,the mode of knowledge production has undergone a transformation from mode 1,mode 2 to mode 3.Correspondingly,the discipline construction has also undergone an evolution from the single disciplinary mode,the interdisciplinary mode to the trans-disciplinary mode.This paper analyzes the conflicts and dilemma in discipline construction between closed development and opening development,theory and practice,knowledge-based development and public welfare-based development,and among other knowledge production elements during the transformation of knowledge production mode.Subsequently,this paper proposes to push forward innovation on discipline construction in discipline construction concept,discipline system,and the organization of disciplines,so as to meet the new requirements in practice for the knowledge production mode transformation.
引文
[1]黄瑶,马永红,王铭.知识生产模式Ⅲ促进超学科快速发展的特征研究[J].清华大学教育研究,2016,37(6):37-45.
[2]王建华.知识规划与学科建设[J].高等教育研究,2013,34(5):1-11.
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[5]卓泽林.大学知识生产范式的转向[J].教育学报,2016,12(2):9-17.
[6]Peter Scott.Changing Players in a Knowledge Society[M].//Gills Breton,Michel Lambert(Ed).University and Globalization:Private Linkages,Public Trust[M].Paris:UNESCO Publishing,2003:221-222.
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[8]Carayannis E G,Campbell D F J.“Mode 3”and“Quadruple Helix”:Toward a 21st century fractal innovation ecosystem[J].International Journal of Technology Management,2009,46(3/4):201-234.
[9]武学超.模式3知识生产的理论阐释——内涵、情境、特质与大学向度[J].科学学研究,2014,32(9):1297-1305.
[10]黄瑶,王铭.试析知识生产模式Ⅲ对大学及学科制度的影响[J].高教探索,2017(6):10-17.
[11]Carayannis E G,Campbell D F J.“Mode 3”:Meaning and Implications from a Knowledge system perspective[A].Knowledge Creation,Diffusion,and Use in Innovation Networks and Knowledge Clusters:A Comparative Systems Approach across the United States,Europe and Asia[C].Westport,Connecticut London:PRAEGER,2006:12,20.
[12]王媛媛.封闭与开放:走向学科研究与跨学科研究的统一[J].高等教育研究,2010,31(05):47-49+38.
[13]吴立保,吴政,邱章强.知识生产模式现代转型视角下的一流学科建设研究[J].江苏高教,2017(04):15-20.
[14]张学文.大学理性研究[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2013:64.
[15]杰勒德·德兰迪.知识社会中的大学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2010:127.
[16]武学超.西方学者对模式3知识生产的多视角理论阐释[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(11):147-151.
[17]李铁君.大学学科建设与发展论纲[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2004:12-13.
[18]金吾伦.跨学科研究引论[M].北京:中央编译出版社,1997:30.
[19]David F J.Campbell,Wolfgang H.Guttel.Knowlegde Production of Firms:Research Networks and the‘Scientification’of Business R&D[J].International Journal of Technology Management,2005,31(1/2):152-175.
[2]王建华.知识规划与学科建设[J].高等教育研究,2013,34(5):1-11.
[3]迈克尔·吉本斯等.知识生产的新模式——当代社会科学与研究的动力性[M].陈洪捷,沈文钦,等译.北京:北京大学出版社,2011:3,5-6.
[4]理查德·惠特利.科学的智力组织和社会组织[M].赵万里,等译.北京:北京大学出版社,2011:5.
[5]卓泽林.大学知识生产范式的转向[J].教育学报,2016,12(2):9-17.
[6]Peter Scott.Changing Players in a Knowledge Society[M].//Gills Breton,Michel Lambert(Ed).University and Globalization:Private Linkages,Public Trust[M].Paris:UNESCO Publishing,2003:221-222.
[7]Carayannis E G,Campbell D F J.Mode 3 Knowledge Production in Quadruple Helix Innovation Systems:Twenty-first-century Democracy, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship for Development[M].Springer New York,2012:29.
[8]Carayannis E G,Campbell D F J.“Mode 3”and“Quadruple Helix”:Toward a 21st century fractal innovation ecosystem[J].International Journal of Technology Management,2009,46(3/4):201-234.
[9]武学超.模式3知识生产的理论阐释——内涵、情境、特质与大学向度[J].科学学研究,2014,32(9):1297-1305.
[10]黄瑶,王铭.试析知识生产模式Ⅲ对大学及学科制度的影响[J].高教探索,2017(6):10-17.
[11]Carayannis E G,Campbell D F J.“Mode 3”:Meaning and Implications from a Knowledge system perspective[A].Knowledge Creation,Diffusion,and Use in Innovation Networks and Knowledge Clusters:A Comparative Systems Approach across the United States,Europe and Asia[C].Westport,Connecticut London:PRAEGER,2006:12,20.
[12]王媛媛.封闭与开放:走向学科研究与跨学科研究的统一[J].高等教育研究,2010,31(05):47-49+38.
[13]吴立保,吴政,邱章强.知识生产模式现代转型视角下的一流学科建设研究[J].江苏高教,2017(04):15-20.
[14]张学文.大学理性研究[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2013:64.
[15]杰勒德·德兰迪.知识社会中的大学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2010:127.
[16]武学超.西方学者对模式3知识生产的多视角理论阐释[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(11):147-151.
[17]李铁君.大学学科建设与发展论纲[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2004:12-13.
[18]金吾伦.跨学科研究引论[M].北京:中央编译出版社,1997:30.
[19]David F J.Campbell,Wolfgang H.Guttel.Knowlegde Production of Firms:Research Networks and the‘Scientification’of Business R&D[J].International Journal of Technology Management,2005,31(1/2):152-175.
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