主观规范与员工创新行为:印象管理动机的研究视角
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摘要
以往对员工创新行为动机的研究多基于组织行为学个体激励视角,从内部动机和外部动机展开。本研究基于社会心理学的视角,挖掘了印象管理动机这一核心概念,并探究了印象管理动机的前置因素——主观规范通过印象管理动机对创新行为的作用机制。通过问卷调查的研究方法,对来自654名员工的数据分析表明:(1)指令性规范正向影响创新构想执行,示范性规范正向影响创新构想产生与创新构想执行;(2)示范性规范通过印象管理动机促进员工创新构想产生与创新构想执行;(3)自我构念在示范性规范与印象管理动机之间起正向调节作用。研究成果丰富与拓展了中国情境下个体创新行为的理论体系,为组织在创新管理实践中激发员工创新行为寻求更多的管理策略提供了理论指导。
The existing studies on employees' innovation behavior are mainly based on the perspective individual motivation perspective under the organizational behavior theory,including internal motivation and external motivation. Based on the perspective of social psychology,this paper explores the core concept of impression management motivation and the effect relationship between subjective norm and impression management motivation. Analysis on the data of 654 usable questionnaires indicates that:( 1) Injunctive norms have a positive effect on innovative idea implementation,and descriptive norms have a positive effect on both innovative idea generation and innovative idea implementation;( 2) Descriptive norm indirectly affects innovative idea generation and innovative idea implementation through impression management motivation;( 3) Self-construal moderates the relationship between descriptive norm and impression management motivation. The significance of this study lies in the fact it not only enriches and supplements the theory system of individual innovation behavior,but also provides theoretical instructions for organizations to stimulate more employees' innovation behavior in management practices.
The existing studies on employees' innovation behavior are mainly based on the perspective individual motivation perspective under the organizational behavior theory,including internal motivation and external motivation. Based on the perspective of social psychology,this paper explores the core concept of impression management motivation and the effect relationship between subjective norm and impression management motivation. Analysis on the data of 654 usable questionnaires indicates that:( 1) Injunctive norms have a positive effect on innovative idea implementation,and descriptive norms have a positive effect on both innovative idea generation and innovative idea implementation;( 2) Descriptive norm indirectly affects innovative idea generation and innovative idea implementation through impression management motivation;( 3) Self-construal moderates the relationship between descriptive norm and impression management motivation. The significance of this study lies in the fact it not only enriches and supplements the theory system of individual innovation behavior,but also provides theoretical instructions for organizations to stimulate more employees' innovation behavior in management practices.
引文
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[17]Dahling J.J.,Whitaker B.G.When Can Feedback-seeking Behavior Result in a Better Performance Rating?Investigating the Moderating Role of Political Skill[J].Human Performance,2016,29(2):1-16
[18]Parker S.K.,Collins C.G.Taking Stock:Intergrating and Differentiating Multiple Proactive Behaviors[J].Journal of Management,2010,36(3):633-662
[19]王庆娟,张金成.工作场所的儒家传统价值观:理论、测量与效度检验[J].南开管理评论,2012,15(4):66-79
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[26]Zhou J.,George J.M.When Job Dissatisfaction Leads to Creativity:Encouraging the Expression of Voice[J].Academy of Management Journal,2001,44(4):682-696
[27]Scott S.G.,Bruce R.A.Determinants of Innovative Behavior:A Path Model of Individual in the Workplace[J].Academy of Management Journal,1994,37(3):580-607
[28]Kleysen F.R.,Street C.T.Toward a Multi-Dimensional Measure of Individual Innovative Behavior[J].Journal of Intellectual Capital,2001,2(3):284-296
[29]黄致凯.组织创新气候知觉、个人创新行为、自我效能知觉与问题解决型态关系之研究---以银行业为研究对象[D].国立中山大学硕士学位论文,2004
[30]卢小君,张国梁.工作动机对个人创新行为的影响研究[J].软科学,2007,21(6):124-127
[31]顾远东,周文莉,彭纪生.组织创新支持感对员工创新行为的影响机制研究[J].管理学报,2014,11(4):548-609
[32]屠兴勇,何欣,郭娟梅.批判性思维对员工创新行为的影响---一个有调节的中介效应模型[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2015,36(10):169-180
[33]Ajzen I.Perceived Behavioral Control,Self-efficacy,Locus of Control and the Theory of Planned Behavior[J].Journal of Applied Social Psychology,2002,32(4):665-683
[34]Hofstede G.Culture’s Consequences:International Differences in Work-related Values[M].UK:Sage Publications,1980
[35]North D.C.Structure and Change in Economic History[M].New York:W.W.Norton and Co Inc.,1981
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[37]Tajfel H.,Turner J.C.The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior[J].Political Psychology,1986,13(3):276-293
[38]顾远东,周文莉,彭纪生.组织创新氛围、成败经历感知对研发人员创新效能感的影响[J].研究与发展管理,2014,26(5):82-94
[39]魏江茹,许菁,黄卫东.关系型、创新型心理资本对创新行为的影响研究---基于印象预期视角[J].南京邮电大学学报(社会科学版),2014,16(3):32-38
[40]阎波,吴建南.问责、组织政治知觉与印象管理:目标责任考核情境下的实证研究[J].管理评论,2013,25(11):74-84
[41]黄光国,胡先缙.人情与面子:中国人的权利游戏[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2013
[42]崔勋.组织政治知觉对组织公民行为的影响辨析---基于国有员工印象管理动机的考察[J].南开管理评论,2014,17(2):129-141
[43]杨国枢,余安邦.中国人的心理与行为:理念及方法篇[M].台北:桂冠图书公司,1993
[44]Huang Y.A.,Phau I.,Lin C.Consumer Animosity,Economic Hardship,and Normative Influence:How Do They Affect Consumers'Purchase Intention[J].European Journal of Marketing,2010,44(7/8):909-937
[45]Yuan F.,Woodman R.W.Innovative Behavior in the Workplace:The Role of Performance and Image Outcome Expectations[J].Academy of Management Journal,2010,53(2):323-342
[46]Pagliaro S.,Ellemers N.,Barreto M.,et al.Individual vs Collective Identity Management Strategies:The Role of Group Norms and Personal Gain[J].Psicologia Sociale,2010,3:387-402
[47]杨国枢,陆洛.中国人的自我:心理学的分析[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2009
[48]He Y.,Chen Q.,Alden D.L.Consumption in the Public Eye:The Influence of Social Presence on Service Experience[J].Journal of Business Research,2012,65(3):302-310
[49]Singelis T.M.The Measurement of Independent and Interdependent Self-construals[J].Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,1994,20(5):580-591
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