互联网+回收模式激励机制创新——以百度回收站为例
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摘要
我国废弃电器电子产品回收的发展主要经历了四个阶段:一是2009年之前的个体商贩回收阶段;二是2009—2011年间的政府补贴回收阶段;三是2012年之后的多渠道回收阶段;四是2016年以来的互联网+回收阶段。其中,互联网+回收模式作为一种线上下单+线下回收的新型回收模式,能够实现时间与空间的融合,打破传统废弃电器电子产品回收渠道不通畅的局面,为废弃电器电子产品回收增添新活力。但是,尽管互联网+回收模式优势明显,仍然面临生产企业与拆解企业之间矛盾加剧以及供应链上下游企业回收积极性不高的局面。以百度回收站为例对其回收体系和处理体系进行分析发现,互联网+回收模式激励主体与激励模式过于单一是导致其回收率低下、供应链上下游企业参与度低的主要原因。而要实现激励创新,必须解决激励主体与激励模式单一的问题,从各参与者之间的利益关系和利益诉求入手,不断扩大并完善相应的经济激励、信息激励、竞争激励、政策激励、契约激励、精神激励等一系列措施,提高废弃电器电子产品回收率以及消费者、回收商、拆解企业、网络回收平台、销售商等供应链上下游各参与者的积极性。
The development of China's recycling of electrical and electronic equipment has experienced such four stages:the first is the recycling by individual businesses before 2009;the second is the recycling with government allowance from 2009 to 2011;the third is the multi-channel recycling after 2012;and the fourth is the"Internet + recycling"since 2016. "Internet +recycling" has broken the limitations of the traditional recycling channels of waste electrical and electronic equipment,adding new vitality to the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment. However, "Internet + recycling" still faces the intensification of conflicts between production enterprises and dismantling enterprises and the recycling enthusiasm of upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain is not high. To this end,based on the traditional formal recycling channels(manufacturer recycling,retailer recycling and third-party recycling)and informal recycling channels,Baidu Recycling Station is taken as an example to analyze the recycling system and processing system of Baidu Recycling Station. It is found that the incentive body and incentive method of"Internet + recycling"are too single,which is the main reason for the low recovery rate and low participation of upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain. Based on this,in order to more effectively guide the upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain to participate in recycling,from the analysis of the relationship between the participants,measures such as economic incentives,information incentives,competitive incentives,policy incentives,contract incentives and spiritual incentives are proposed to improve participants' enthusiasm for recovery. The new incentives make all supply chain participants become the main body of incentives and motivators. And the incentives provide a reference for the government design recycling incentive system under the"Internet +"environment.
The development of China's recycling of electrical and electronic equipment has experienced such four stages:the first is the recycling by individual businesses before 2009;the second is the recycling with government allowance from 2009 to 2011;the third is the multi-channel recycling after 2012;and the fourth is the"Internet + recycling"since 2016. "Internet +recycling" has broken the limitations of the traditional recycling channels of waste electrical and electronic equipment,adding new vitality to the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment. However, "Internet + recycling" still faces the intensification of conflicts between production enterprises and dismantling enterprises and the recycling enthusiasm of upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain is not high. To this end,based on the traditional formal recycling channels(manufacturer recycling,retailer recycling and third-party recycling)and informal recycling channels,Baidu Recycling Station is taken as an example to analyze the recycling system and processing system of Baidu Recycling Station. It is found that the incentive body and incentive method of"Internet + recycling"are too single,which is the main reason for the low recovery rate and low participation of upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain. Based on this,in order to more effectively guide the upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain to participate in recycling,from the analysis of the relationship between the participants,measures such as economic incentives,information incentives,competitive incentives,policy incentives,contract incentives and spiritual incentives are proposed to improve participants' enthusiasm for recovery. The new incentives make all supply chain participants become the main body of incentives and motivators. And the incentives provide a reference for the government design recycling incentive system under the"Internet +"environment.
引文
[1]刘慧慧,刘涛.电器电子产品基金补贴和市场合作对正规回收渠道的影响研究[J].中国管理科学,2017,25(5):87-96.
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[3]王玉燕,李璟.公平关切下基于网络平台销售、回收的E-闭环供应链的主导模式研究[J].中国管理科学,2018,26(1):139-151.
[4]蔡毅,田晖.我国废弃电器电子产品多渠道回收体系构建研究与行业展望[J].家电科技,2016(7):30-32.
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[6]刘洋.WEEE第三方逆向物流激励机制研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017.
[7]马祖军,胡书,代颖.政府规制下混合渠道销售/回收的电器电子产品闭环供应链决策[J].中国管理科学,2016,24(1):82-90.
[8]李春发,韩芳旭,杨琪琪.基于C2B的WEEE网络平台回收模式及运行机制分析[J].科技管理研究,2015,35(6):168-174.
[9]杨琪琪.基于契约理论的WEEE网络回收系统协调机制研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2015.
[10]陈杨杨.博弈视角下的WEEE第三方逆向物流定价及政府补贴研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2015.
[11]李娇娇,杨坚争.基于O2O视角的WEEE“互联网+回收”模式研究[J].电子商务,2016(3):3-5.
[12]DEBNATH B,ROYCHOWDHURY P,KUNDU R.Electronic components(EC)reuse and recycling--a new approach towards WEEE management[J].Procedia environmental sciences,2016,35:656-668.
[13]王昶,吕夏冰,孙桥.居民参与“互联网+回收”意愿的影响因素研究[J].管理学报,2017,14(12):1 847-1 854.
[14]许民利,邹康来,简惠云.“互联网+”环境下考虑消费者行为的资源回收策略研究[J/OL].(2018-05-17)[2019-01-04].https://doi.org/10.13195/j.kzyjc.2018.0015.
[2]李春发,杨琪琪,韩芳旭.基于C2B的废弃电器电子产品网络回收系统利益相关者关系研究[J].科技管理研究,2014,34(23):233-239.
[3]王玉燕,李璟.公平关切下基于网络平台销售、回收的E-闭环供应链的主导模式研究[J].中国管理科学,2018,26(1):139-151.
[4]蔡毅,田晖.我国废弃电器电子产品多渠道回收体系构建研究与行业展望[J].家电科技,2016(7):30-32.
[5]马晓平,李帮义,刘美8),等.基于回收主体收益分析的WEEE回收模式选择[J].南京晓庄学院学报,2017,33(2):102-108.
[6]刘洋.WEEE第三方逆向物流激励机制研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017.
[7]马祖军,胡书,代颖.政府规制下混合渠道销售/回收的电器电子产品闭环供应链决策[J].中国管理科学,2016,24(1):82-90.
[8]李春发,韩芳旭,杨琪琪.基于C2B的WEEE网络平台回收模式及运行机制分析[J].科技管理研究,2015,35(6):168-174.
[9]杨琪琪.基于契约理论的WEEE网络回收系统协调机制研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2015.
[10]陈杨杨.博弈视角下的WEEE第三方逆向物流定价及政府补贴研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2015.
[11]李娇娇,杨坚争.基于O2O视角的WEEE“互联网+回收”模式研究[J].电子商务,2016(3):3-5.
[12]DEBNATH B,ROYCHOWDHURY P,KUNDU R.Electronic components(EC)reuse and recycling--a new approach towards WEEE management[J].Procedia environmental sciences,2016,35:656-668.
[13]王昶,吕夏冰,孙桥.居民参与“互联网+回收”意愿的影响因素研究[J].管理学报,2017,14(12):1 847-1 854.
[14]许民利,邹康来,简惠云.“互联网+”环境下考虑消费者行为的资源回收策略研究[J/OL].(2018-05-17)[2019-01-04].https://doi.org/10.13195/j.kzyjc.2018.0015.
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