岷江下游产漂流性卵鱼类早期资源现状
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摘要
为了解岷江下游干流江段产漂流性鱼类早期资源状况,于2016和2017年的5月7日～7月30日在岷江下游干流江段进行鱼类早期资源调查。调查发现:产漂流性卵鱼类18种,其中长江上游特有鱼类8种,分别是小眼薄鳅(Leptobotia microphthalrna)、长薄鳅(Leptobotia elongate)、红唇薄鳅(Leptobotia rubrilaris)、异鳔鳅鮀(Xenophysogobio boulengeri)、裸体异鳔鳅鮀(Xenophysogobio nudicorpa)、四川华鳊(Sinibrama taeniatus)、中华金沙鳅(Jinshaia sinensis)和短身金沙鳅(Jinshaia abbreviata)。主要产卵场有喜捷镇、高场镇和蕨溪镇3处。小眼薄鳅和长薄鳅的产卵规模相对较大,分别为652.75×10~6粒或尾和368.01×10~6粒或尾。典型对应分析结果显示,鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)和草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)产卵时断面流量相对增大,透明度相对降低;吻鮈(Rhinogobio typus)产卵期间江水透明度相对较高;随着流速增加,中华金沙鳅(Jinshaia sinensis)和短身金沙鳅(Jinshaia.abbreviata)卵漂流密度均相应增加。
In order to study the larval resources conditions of fishes spawning drifting eggs in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River, the surveys of fish resources of early life stages were carried out in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River during May 7-July 30, 2016-2017. The results showed that there were 18 species of fish with drifting eggs, among which 8 species were endemic species in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River. They were Leptobotia microphthalrna, Leptobotia elongate, Leptobotia rubrilaris, Xenophysogobio boulengeri, Xenophysogobio nudicorpa, Sinibrama taeniatus, Jinshaia sinensis and Jinshaia abbreviata. Three important spawning grounds of fish with drifting eggs mainly located in the towns of Xijie, Gaochang and Juexi. The largest spawning scale of fish were Leptobotia microphthalrna and Leptobotia elongate, with the egg quantit w 652.75×10~6 ind. and 368.01×10~6 ind., respectively. The result of Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the increase of the flow stimulated the spawning of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Ctenopharyngodon idellus, as well as decreased the transparency and increased the density. High transparency stimulated the spawning of Rhinogobio typus. As the velocity increased, the drift densit of both the Jinshaia sinensis's and Jinshaia abbreviata's eggs higher.
In order to study the larval resources conditions of fishes spawning drifting eggs in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River, the surveys of fish resources of early life stages were carried out in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River during May 7-July 30, 2016-2017. The results showed that there were 18 species of fish with drifting eggs, among which 8 species were endemic species in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River. They were Leptobotia microphthalrna, Leptobotia elongate, Leptobotia rubrilaris, Xenophysogobio boulengeri, Xenophysogobio nudicorpa, Sinibrama taeniatus, Jinshaia sinensis and Jinshaia abbreviata. Three important spawning grounds of fish with drifting eggs mainly located in the towns of Xijie, Gaochang and Juexi. The largest spawning scale of fish were Leptobotia microphthalrna and Leptobotia elongate, with the egg quantit w 652.75×10~6 ind. and 368.01×10~6 ind., respectively. The result of Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the increase of the flow stimulated the spawning of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Ctenopharyngodon idellus, as well as decreased the transparency and increased the density. High transparency stimulated the spawning of Rhinogobio typus. As the velocity increased, the drift densit of both the Jinshaia sinensis's and Jinshaia abbreviata's eggs higher.
引文
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[7] 王红丽, 黎明政, 高欣, 等. 三峡库区丰都江段鱼类早期资源现状[J]. 水生生物学报, 2015, 39(5):954-964.WANG H L, LI M Z, GAO X, et al. The status of the early stage fish resources in the Fengdu section of the Three Gorges Reservoir [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica , 2015, 39(5):954-964.
[8] 吴金明, 王芊芊, 刘飞, 等. 赤水河赤水段鱼类早期资源调查研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2010, 19(11):1270-1276.WU J M, WANG Q Q, LIU F, et al. Fish resources of early life in Chishui section of the Chishui River [J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2010, 19(11):1270-1276.
[9] 王芊芊. 赤水河鱼类早期资源调查及九种鱼类早期发育的研究[D]. 华中师范大学, 2008.WANG Q Q. Fish resources of early life and early development of nine species in Chishui section of the Chishui River [D]. Central China Normal University, 2008.
[10] 王昌燮.长江中游“野鱼苗”的种类鉴定[J]. 水生生物学集刊, 1959, 3: 324-341.WANG C. The identification of the species in the“ild ry”of the middle waters of the Yangtze River [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 1959,3: 324-341.
[11] 曹文宣, 常剑波, 乔晔, 等. 长江鱼类早期资源[M]. 第一版, 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2007.CAO W X, CHANG J B, QIAO Y, et al. Early fish resources of the Yangtze River [M].Beijing:China Water & Power Press,2007.
[12] 易伯鲁, 余志堂, 梁秩燊, 等. 长江干流草、青、鲢、鳙四大家鱼产卵场的分布,规模和自然条件[M].见:易伯鲁,余志堂,梁秩燊, 等.葛洲坝水利枢纽与长江四大家鱼.武汉:湖北科学技术出版社, 1988: 1-46.YI B L, YU Z T, LIANG Z S, et al. The distribution, natural conditions and breeding production of the spawning grounds of four famous freshwater fishes on the main stream on the Yangtze River [M]. In: YI B L, YU Z T, LIANG Z S, et al. Gezhouba ater ontrol roject and our amous ishes in Yangtze River. Wuhan: Hubei Science and Technology Press. 1988, 1-46.
[13] ?MILAUER P, LEP? J. Multivariate analysis of ecological ata using Canoco[J]. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, 2005, 86(4):201-201.
[14] 吕浩, 田辉伍, 段辛斌, 等. 岷江下游干流段鱼类资源现状及其多样性分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 27(1):88-96.LV H, TIAN H W, DUAN X B, et al. Analysis of fish resources status and diversity in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2015, 27(1):88-96.
[15] 丁瑞华. 四川鱼类志[M]. 四川科学技术出版社, 1994.DING R H. The fishes of Sichuan,China[M].hengdu: Sichuan Science and Technology Publishing House, 1994.
[16] BUNN S E, ARTHINGTON A H. Basic principles and ecological consequences of altered flow regimes for aquatic biodiversity[J].Environmental Management,2002.30(4):492-507.
[17] 高天珩, 田辉伍, 王涵, 等. 长江上游江津断面铜鱼鱼卵时空分布特征及影响因子分析[J]. 水产学报, 2015, 39(8):1099-1106.GAO T H, TIAN H W, WANG H, et al. Spatial and temporal distributions and influence factors of brass gudgeon (Coreius heterodon) eggs in Jiangjin section of the Upper Yangtze River[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2015, 39(8):1099-1106.
[18] 唐锡良. 长江上游江津江段鱼类早期资源研究[D]. 西南大学, 2010.TANG X L. Studies on early fish resources in Jiangjin cross-section in the upstream of Yangtze River[D]. Chongqing: Southwestern University, 2010.
[19] 王锐, 李嘉. 引水式水电站减水河段的水温、流速及水深变化对鱼类产卵的影响分析[J]. 四川水力发电, 2010, 29(2):76-79.WANG R, LI J. Effects of water temperaturevelocity and depth differences in water reduced river reach at diversion-type power station on fish spawning[J]. Sichuan Water Power, 2010, 29(2):76-79.
[2] 宋述军, 周万村. 岷江流域土地利用结构对地表水水质的影响[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2008, 17(5):712-715.SONG S J, ZHOU W C. Effects of land use structure on surface water quality in Minjiang River basin[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2008, 17(5):712-715.
[3] 张春霖, 刘成汉. 岷江鱼类调查及其分布的研究[J]. 四川大学学报(自然科学版), 1957(2):104-130.ZHANG C L, LIU C H. A perliminary surver of the fishs of the Min River with some notes on their distribution[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Natural Science Edition), 1957(2):104-130.
[4] 王亚民. 长江上游鱼类资源保护对策[D]. 中国科学院水生生物研究所, 2004.WANG, Y M. Conservation trategies of ish resources in upper reach of Yangtze River[D].Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2004.
[5] 王文君, 谢山, 张晓敏, 等. 岷江下游产漂流性卵鱼类的繁殖活动与生态水文因子的关系[J]. 水生态学杂志, 2012, 33(6):29-34.WANG W J, XIE S, ZHANG X M, et al. Relationship between eco-hydrological factors and spawning activities of fishes with pelagic eggs in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River[J]. Journal of Hydroecology, 2012, 33(6):29-34.
[6] 段辛斌, 田辉伍, 高天珩, 等. 金沙江一期工程蓄水前长江上游产漂流性卵鱼类产卵场现状[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 24(8):1358-1365.DUAN X B, TIAN H W,GAO T H,et al. Resources status of ichthyoplankton in the upper Yangtze River before the storage of Jinsha River first stage project[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2015, 24(8):1358-1365.
[7] 王红丽, 黎明政, 高欣, 等. 三峡库区丰都江段鱼类早期资源现状[J]. 水生生物学报, 2015, 39(5):954-964.WANG H L, LI M Z, GAO X, et al. The status of the early stage fish resources in the Fengdu section of the Three Gorges Reservoir [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica , 2015, 39(5):954-964.
[8] 吴金明, 王芊芊, 刘飞, 等. 赤水河赤水段鱼类早期资源调查研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2010, 19(11):1270-1276.WU J M, WANG Q Q, LIU F, et al. Fish resources of early life in Chishui section of the Chishui River [J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2010, 19(11):1270-1276.
[9] 王芊芊. 赤水河鱼类早期资源调查及九种鱼类早期发育的研究[D]. 华中师范大学, 2008.WANG Q Q. Fish resources of early life and early development of nine species in Chishui section of the Chishui River [D]. Central China Normal University, 2008.
[10] 王昌燮.长江中游“野鱼苗”的种类鉴定[J]. 水生生物学集刊, 1959, 3: 324-341.WANG C. The identification of the species in the“ild ry”of the middle waters of the Yangtze River [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 1959,3: 324-341.
[11] 曹文宣, 常剑波, 乔晔, 等. 长江鱼类早期资源[M]. 第一版, 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2007.CAO W X, CHANG J B, QIAO Y, et al. Early fish resources of the Yangtze River [M].Beijing:China Water & Power Press,2007.
[12] 易伯鲁, 余志堂, 梁秩燊, 等. 长江干流草、青、鲢、鳙四大家鱼产卵场的分布,规模和自然条件[M].见:易伯鲁,余志堂,梁秩燊, 等.葛洲坝水利枢纽与长江四大家鱼.武汉:湖北科学技术出版社, 1988: 1-46.YI B L, YU Z T, LIANG Z S, et al. The distribution, natural conditions and breeding production of the spawning grounds of four famous freshwater fishes on the main stream on the Yangtze River [M]. In: YI B L, YU Z T, LIANG Z S, et al. Gezhouba ater ontrol roject and our amous ishes in Yangtze River. Wuhan: Hubei Science and Technology Press. 1988, 1-46.
[13] ?MILAUER P, LEP? J. Multivariate analysis of ecological ata using Canoco[J]. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, 2005, 86(4):201-201.
[14] 吕浩, 田辉伍, 段辛斌, 等. 岷江下游干流段鱼类资源现状及其多样性分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 27(1):88-96.LV H, TIAN H W, DUAN X B, et al. Analysis of fish resources status and diversity in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2015, 27(1):88-96.
[15] 丁瑞华. 四川鱼类志[M]. 四川科学技术出版社, 1994.DING R H. The fishes of Sichuan,China[M].hengdu: Sichuan Science and Technology Publishing House, 1994.
[16] BUNN S E, ARTHINGTON A H. Basic principles and ecological consequences of altered flow regimes for aquatic biodiversity[J].Environmental Management,2002.30(4):492-507.
[17] 高天珩, 田辉伍, 王涵, 等. 长江上游江津断面铜鱼鱼卵时空分布特征及影响因子分析[J]. 水产学报, 2015, 39(8):1099-1106.GAO T H, TIAN H W, WANG H, et al. Spatial and temporal distributions and influence factors of brass gudgeon (Coreius heterodon) eggs in Jiangjin section of the Upper Yangtze River[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2015, 39(8):1099-1106.
[18] 唐锡良. 长江上游江津江段鱼类早期资源研究[D]. 西南大学, 2010.TANG X L. Studies on early fish resources in Jiangjin cross-section in the upstream of Yangtze River[D]. Chongqing: Southwestern University, 2010.
[19] 王锐, 李嘉. 引水式水电站减水河段的水温、流速及水深变化对鱼类产卵的影响分析[J]. 四川水力发电, 2010, 29(2):76-79.WANG R, LI J. Effects of water temperaturevelocity and depth differences in water reduced river reach at diversion-type power station on fish spawning[J]. Sichuan Water Power, 2010, 29(2):76-79.
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