干喷湿纺法制备T700级聚丙烯腈基碳纤维
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摘要
采用丙烯腈、氨化试剂A、丙烯酸甲酯为聚合单体,以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,在溶剂二甲基亚砜中合成了聚丙烯腈原丝纺丝液,经干喷湿纺法纺丝制得聚丙烯腈原丝,经预氧化和炭化得到了T700级高性能聚丙烯腈基碳纤维。采用扫描电子显微镜,差示扫描量热仪,电子万能材料试验机对纤维的性能进行了研究。研究了空气层距离、喷丝头长径比、凝固浴浓度、空气拉伸比对干喷湿纺法制备纤维性能的影响。在空气层距离为40mm、凝固浴浓度为70%、喷丝头长径比为10.0、空气拉伸比为1.8条件下,采用干喷湿纺法制得的T700级聚丙烯腈基原丝及碳纤维的表面光滑、无沟槽,截面形貌为圆形;原丝的拉伸强度可达8.7cN/dtex,拉伸弹性模量可达154.7cN/dtex,碳纤维的拉伸强度可达5 750MPa,拉伸弹性模量可达220GPa。
The polyacrylonitrile(PAN) spinning solution was synthesized by the monomer acryonitrile,ammoniation regent A,and methyl acrylate with dimethyl sulfoxide as solvent and azodiisobutyronitrile for initiator,and PAN carbon ?ber precursor was prepared by dry spray wet spinning. T700 grade high performance PAN carbon ?ber was prepared by preoxidtion and carbonization.The properties of PAN carbon ?ber were studied by scanning electron microscope,differential scanning calorimeter and electronic universal material tester. The effects of the air layer distance,the length and diameter ratio of spinneret,the cogulation bath concentration and the air drawing ratio on the properties of PAN carbon ?ber prepared by dry spray wet spinning were studied. When the air layer distance is 40 mm,the length and diameter ratio of spinneret is 10.0,the coagulation bath concentration is 70% and the air drawing ratio is 1.8,the surface of PAN carbon ?ber is smooth without grooves,the cross section of the PAN precursor and carbon?ber are circular,the tensile strength of PAN precursor can reach 8.7 c N/dtex,the tensile elastic modulus of PAN precursor can reach 154.7 c N/dtex,the tensile strength of PAN carbon ?ber can reach 5 750 MPa and the tensile elastic modulus of PAN carbon?ber can reach 220 GPa.
The polyacrylonitrile(PAN) spinning solution was synthesized by the monomer acryonitrile,ammoniation regent A,and methyl acrylate with dimethyl sulfoxide as solvent and azodiisobutyronitrile for initiator,and PAN carbon ?ber precursor was prepared by dry spray wet spinning. T700 grade high performance PAN carbon ?ber was prepared by preoxidtion and carbonization.The properties of PAN carbon ?ber were studied by scanning electron microscope,differential scanning calorimeter and electronic universal material tester. The effects of the air layer distance,the length and diameter ratio of spinneret,the cogulation bath concentration and the air drawing ratio on the properties of PAN carbon ?ber prepared by dry spray wet spinning were studied. When the air layer distance is 40 mm,the length and diameter ratio of spinneret is 10.0,the coagulation bath concentration is 70% and the air drawing ratio is 1.8,the surface of PAN carbon ?ber is smooth without grooves,the cross section of the PAN precursor and carbon?ber are circular,the tensile strength of PAN precursor can reach 8.7 c N/dtex,the tensile elastic modulus of PAN precursor can reach 154.7 c N/dtex,the tensile strength of PAN carbon ?ber can reach 5 750 MPa and the tensile elastic modulus of PAN carbon?ber can reach 220 GPa.
引文
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[12]董兴广.干喷湿纺中凝固牵伸对碳纤维前驱体PAN初生纤维的影响[J].广东化工,2011,38(8):48-50.Dong Xingguang.Study on the effect of coagulation drawing on polyacrylonitrile nascent fibers during dry-jet wet spinning[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2011,38(8):48-50.
[13]Banaie K A,Mirjalili M,Eslami-Farsani R.The study of the correlation between ascending and descending rates of the imposed specific stress and transposition of chemical reaction during PANprecursor fibers of chemical reaction during PAN precursor fibers stabilization[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2018,156:234-244.
[14]侯富彬,唐跃,崔龙.影响PAN基碳纤维原丝取向因素的探究[J].合成材料老化与应用,2015,44(3):89-91,116.Hou Fubin,Tang Yue,Cui Long.Research of factors affecting orientation of pan precursor used in carbon fiber[J].Synthetic Materials Aging and Application,2015,44(3):89-91,116.
[15]贺福.高性能碳纤维原丝与干喷湿纺[J].高性能碳纤维与应用,2004,29(4):6-12.He Fu.Precursors for high performance carbon fibers and dry-jet wet spinning[J].Hi-Tech Fiber&Application,2004,29(4):6-12.
[16]Bddii K,Church J S,Golkarnarenji G,et al.Chemical structure based prediction of PAN and oxidizied PAN fiber density through a non-linear mathematical model[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2016,131:53-61.
[17]Pham H H,Lim Y,Cho C,et al.Hydrodynamics of low temperature carbonization furnace for production of polyacrilonitrile(PAN)-based carbon fiber[J].Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2017,18:192-204.
[2]贾晓龙,还献华,齐鹏飞,等.碳纤维树脂基复合材料的高性能化[J].科学通报,2018,63(34):3 555-3 569.Jia Xiaolong,Huan Xianhua,Qi Pengfei,et al.Performance improvement in carbon fiber reinforced polymer-based composites[J].Chin Sci Bull,2018,63(34):3 555-3 569.
[3]王鹏,张苗苗,张宁超.碳纤维复合材料的应变测量试验方法[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(31):131-137.Wang Peng,Zhang Miaomiao,Zhang Ningchao.Testing method for strain properties of carbon fiber composite material[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(31):133-137.
[4]杨夯,于晓彩,聂志伟,等.碳纤维功能材料的应用及其再生的研究进展[J].应用化工,2018,doi:10.16581/j.cnki.issn1671-3206.20181101.027.Yang Hang,Yu Xiaocai,Nie Zhiwei,et al.Progress of application as functional material and regeneration of activated carbon fiber.applied[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2018,doi:10.16581/j.cnki.issn1671-3206.20181101.027.
[5]袁金丽,曹恒喜,堵莎莎,等.具有高抗拉强度的碳纤维EV锂电池材料[J].当代化工研究,2018(11):157-158.Yuan Jinli,Cao Hengxi,Du Shasha et al.Carbon fiber EV lithium battery material with high tensile strength[J].Modern Chemical Research,2018(11):157-158.
[6]汪传生,张鲁琦,等.碳纤维/天然橡胶复合材料的性能研究[J].橡胶工业,2018,65(11):1 243-1 247.Wang Chuansheng,Zhang Luqi,Bian Huiguang,et al.Study on properties of carbon fiber/NR composites[J].China Rubber Industry,2018,65(11):1243-1247.
[7]武卫莉,王骏.碳纤维/硅橡胶复合材料的制备[J].橡胶工业,2017,64(2):94-98.Wu Weili,Wang Jun.Preparation of carbon fiber/silicone rubber composite[J].China Rubber Industry,2017,64(2):94-98.
[8]杜帅,何敏,刘玉飞,等.碳纤维表面改性研究进展[J].纺织导报,2017(6):58-61.Du Shuai,He Min,Liu Yufei,et al.Research Progress on Surface Modification of PAN Carbon Fiber[J].China Textile Leader,2017(6):58-61.
[9]刘强.碳纤维复合材料在航空航天领域的应用[J].科技与企业,2015(22):221.Liu Qiang.Application of carbon fiber composites to aeronautics and astronautics fields[J].Science and Technology,2015(22):221.
[10]蔺绍玲,张士卫,张云露,等.碳纤维复合材料在发射装置上的应用研究[J].航空制造技术,2017,527(8):104-109.Lin Shaoling,Zhang Shiwei,Zhang Yunlu,et al.Applied research of carbon fiber composite in launcher[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2017,527(8):104-109.
[11]Nguyen D C T,Oh D H,Oh W C.Immobilization of Bi2O3 Particles on Activated carbon fiber and its photodegradation performance for pollutant dyes[J].Asian Journal of Chemistry,2018,30(3):491-498.
[12]董兴广.干喷湿纺中凝固牵伸对碳纤维前驱体PAN初生纤维的影响[J].广东化工,2011,38(8):48-50.Dong Xingguang.Study on the effect of coagulation drawing on polyacrylonitrile nascent fibers during dry-jet wet spinning[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2011,38(8):48-50.
[13]Banaie K A,Mirjalili M,Eslami-Farsani R.The study of the correlation between ascending and descending rates of the imposed specific stress and transposition of chemical reaction during PANprecursor fibers of chemical reaction during PAN precursor fibers stabilization[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2018,156:234-244.
[14]侯富彬,唐跃,崔龙.影响PAN基碳纤维原丝取向因素的探究[J].合成材料老化与应用,2015,44(3):89-91,116.Hou Fubin,Tang Yue,Cui Long.Research of factors affecting orientation of pan precursor used in carbon fiber[J].Synthetic Materials Aging and Application,2015,44(3):89-91,116.
[15]贺福.高性能碳纤维原丝与干喷湿纺[J].高性能碳纤维与应用,2004,29(4):6-12.He Fu.Precursors for high performance carbon fibers and dry-jet wet spinning[J].Hi-Tech Fiber&Application,2004,29(4):6-12.
[16]Bddii K,Church J S,Golkarnarenji G,et al.Chemical structure based prediction of PAN and oxidizied PAN fiber density through a non-linear mathematical model[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2016,131:53-61.
[17]Pham H H,Lim Y,Cho C,et al.Hydrodynamics of low temperature carbonization furnace for production of polyacrilonitrile(PAN)-based carbon fiber[J].Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2017,18:192-204.
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