西双版纳橡胶林土壤氮的分布特征及与橡胶树生长的关系
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摘要
【目的】研究不同品系橡胶树在西双版纳不同生态区种植对土壤氮的影响及其土壤氮变化与橡胶树生长的关系。【方法】分别采集了西双版纳州景洪、勐腊、勐海3个植胶区土壤、橡胶树叶片,并分析了不同割龄RRIM600、GT1、云研-774橡胶树土壤中不同形态氮和橡胶树叶片氮分布特征及关系。【结果】西双版纳州3个植胶地区中不同品系橡胶林土壤中氮的变化差异较大,景洪橡胶林土壤中全氮含量最高,勐腊、勐海相对较低;橡胶林土壤铵态氮和硝态氮较低,硝态氮变异最大;GT1品系橡胶林土壤中全氮含量较高,RRIM600、云研-774相对较低。土壤中全氮含量随割龄的增加而升高,碱解氮、铵态氮、硝态氮随割龄和品系不同而变化,并且土壤铵态氮和硝态氮以低割龄橡胶园相对较高,老割龄橡胶园相对较低;橡胶树叶全氮以景洪最高,勐腊、勐海相对较低,且随割龄的增加而降低。橡胶林保护带土壤全氮、碱解氮、铵态氮与橡胶树叶全氮含量呈显著正相关,而硝态氮与橡胶树叶全氮含量呈极显著正相关;种植带铵态氮和硝态氮与橡胶树叶片氮呈显著正相关。【结论】橡胶树及土壤氮含量随橡胶树品系、割龄、生长环境而变化,不同割龄、不同品系橡胶树对土壤氮具有显著的影响。
【Objective】The aim of this paper was to study the influence of rubber tree growth of different varieties on soil nitrogen in rubber tree plantation of different ecological regions in Xishuangbanna and understand the relationship between soil nitrogen and rubber growth. 【Method】Soil and the leaves of different rubber tree varieties in rubber tree plantation with different rubber tapping years from different ecological areas(Jinghong, Mengla and Menghai) of Xishuangbanna were collected to analyze spatial variation characteristics and the relationship of soil nitrogen and rubber leaf nitrogen. 【Result】Soil nitrogen of different varieties in rubber tree plantation had a big difference in three ecological regions of Xishuangbanna. Among the three sampling ecological regions, soil nitrogen content in Jinghong site was the highest. The contents of NH_4-N and NO_3-N were low, and NO_3-N variation was high. Soil total nitrogen in GT1 rubber tree plantation was higher than that in RRIM600 and yunyan-774 rubber tree plantation. Soil total nitrogen content increased with the increase of rubber tapping ages. The contents of alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen, NH_4-N and NO_3-N changed with rubber tapping ages, and the contents of soil NH_4-N and NO_3-N in young rubber tapping ages were lower than that in old rubber tapping ages. Total nitrogen content of rubber tree leaves in Jinghong site was the highest than that in Mengla and Menghai, and the content of total nitrogen in young rubber tapping ages was higher than that in old rubber tapping ages. Total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen and NH_4-N in protection areas soil had significant positive correlation with the total nitrogen of rubber tree leaves, but NO_3-N had extremely significant positive correlation with the total nitrogen of rubber tree leaves. Among different forms nitrogen in planting areas, only soil NH_4-N and NO_3-N had significant positive correlation with the total nitrogen of rubber tree leaves. 【Conclusion】Nitrogen contents of soil and rubber tree varied with rubber tree varieties, rubber tapping ages and growth environment, and different rubber tree varieties and rubber tapping ages could have the significant impact on soil nitrogen content in rubber plantation.
【Objective】The aim of this paper was to study the influence of rubber tree growth of different varieties on soil nitrogen in rubber tree plantation of different ecological regions in Xishuangbanna and understand the relationship between soil nitrogen and rubber growth. 【Method】Soil and the leaves of different rubber tree varieties in rubber tree plantation with different rubber tapping years from different ecological areas(Jinghong, Mengla and Menghai) of Xishuangbanna were collected to analyze spatial variation characteristics and the relationship of soil nitrogen and rubber leaf nitrogen. 【Result】Soil nitrogen of different varieties in rubber tree plantation had a big difference in three ecological regions of Xishuangbanna. Among the three sampling ecological regions, soil nitrogen content in Jinghong site was the highest. The contents of NH_4-N and NO_3-N were low, and NO_3-N variation was high. Soil total nitrogen in GT1 rubber tree plantation was higher than that in RRIM600 and yunyan-774 rubber tree plantation. Soil total nitrogen content increased with the increase of rubber tapping ages. The contents of alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen, NH_4-N and NO_3-N changed with rubber tapping ages, and the contents of soil NH_4-N and NO_3-N in young rubber tapping ages were lower than that in old rubber tapping ages. Total nitrogen content of rubber tree leaves in Jinghong site was the highest than that in Mengla and Menghai, and the content of total nitrogen in young rubber tapping ages was higher than that in old rubber tapping ages. Total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen and NH_4-N in protection areas soil had significant positive correlation with the total nitrogen of rubber tree leaves, but NO_3-N had extremely significant positive correlation with the total nitrogen of rubber tree leaves. Among different forms nitrogen in planting areas, only soil NH_4-N and NO_3-N had significant positive correlation with the total nitrogen of rubber tree leaves. 【Conclusion】Nitrogen contents of soil and rubber tree varied with rubber tree varieties, rubber tapping ages and growth environment, and different rubber tree varieties and rubber tapping ages could have the significant impact on soil nitrogen content in rubber plantation.
引文
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[4]张敏,邹晓明.热带季节雨林与人工橡胶林土壤碳氮比较[J].应用生态学报, 2009,20(5):1013-1019.
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[9]陈永川,杨春霞,黎小清,等.不同管理方式橡胶林土壤有机碳动态及其与氮、磷关系[J].西南农业学报,2015,28(4):1725-1730.
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[12]Vejre H, Callesen I, Vesterdal L, et al. Carbon and nitrogen in Danish forest soils-contents and distribution determined by soil order[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2003,67:335-343.
[13]Micks.P, Aber.J D, Boone.R D, et al. Short-term soil respiration and nitrogen immobilization response to nitrogen applications in control and nitrogen-enriched temperate forests[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004,196(1):57-70.
[14]Yamashita. N, Ohta.S, Sase.H, et al. Seasonal and spatial variation of nitrogen dynamics in the litter and surface soil layers on a tropical dry evergreen forest slope[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2010,259(8):1502-1512.
[15]杨丹丽,喻阳华,秦仕忆,等. 石漠化区不同利用类型土地养分的含量及其生态化学计量特征[J].西南农业学报,2018,31(9):1875-1881.
[16]Marcos Roberto Murbach, Antonio Enedi Boaretto, Takashi Muraoka, et al. Nutrient Cycling in a RRIM600 Clone Rubber Plantation[J]. Scientia Agricola, 2003,60(2):353-357.
[17]Abraham J, Chudek J A. Studies on litter characterization using 13C NMR and assessment of microbial activity in natural forest and plantation crops’(teak and rubber) soil ecosystems of Kerala, India[J]. Plant and Soil, 2008,303(1): 265-273.
[2]罗雪华,刘云清,蔡秀娟,等.刺激割胶与RRIM600 矿质养分流失的关系[J].热带农业科学,2006,26(1):1-4,24.
[3]曹建华,蒋菊生,杨怀,等.不同割制对橡胶树胶乳矿质养分流失的影响[J].生态学报,2008,28(6):2563-2570.
[4]张敏,邹晓明.热带季节雨林与人工橡胶林土壤碳氮比较[J].应用生态学报, 2009,20(5):1013-1019.
[5]黄昌勇.土壤学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003.
[6]陈永川,杨春霞,赵志平,等.不同管理方式下橡胶林土壤氮动态特征[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(4):954-960.
[7]孟盈,薛敬意,沙丽清,等.西双版纳不同热带森林下土壤铵态氮和硝态氮动态研究[J].植物生态学报, 2001,25(1):99-104.
[8]曹建华,蒋菊生,陶忠良,等.不同年龄橡胶树胶乳矿质养分的流失[J].热带作物学报, 2010,31(1):1-5.
[9]陈永川,杨春霞,黎小清,等.不同管理方式橡胶林土壤有机碳动态及其与氮、磷关系[J].西南农业学报,2015,28(4):1725-1730.
[10]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[11]李明锐,沙丽清.西双版纳不同土地利用方式下土壤氮矿化作用研究[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(1):54-58.
[12]Vejre H, Callesen I, Vesterdal L, et al. Carbon and nitrogen in Danish forest soils-contents and distribution determined by soil order[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2003,67:335-343.
[13]Micks.P, Aber.J D, Boone.R D, et al. Short-term soil respiration and nitrogen immobilization response to nitrogen applications in control and nitrogen-enriched temperate forests[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004,196(1):57-70.
[14]Yamashita. N, Ohta.S, Sase.H, et al. Seasonal and spatial variation of nitrogen dynamics in the litter and surface soil layers on a tropical dry evergreen forest slope[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2010,259(8):1502-1512.
[15]杨丹丽,喻阳华,秦仕忆,等. 石漠化区不同利用类型土地养分的含量及其生态化学计量特征[J].西南农业学报,2018,31(9):1875-1881.
[16]Marcos Roberto Murbach, Antonio Enedi Boaretto, Takashi Muraoka, et al. Nutrient Cycling in a RRIM600 Clone Rubber Plantation[J]. Scientia Agricola, 2003,60(2):353-357.
[17]Abraham J, Chudek J A. Studies on litter characterization using 13C NMR and assessment of microbial activity in natural forest and plantation crops’(teak and rubber) soil ecosystems of Kerala, India[J]. Plant and Soil, 2008,303(1): 265-273.
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