基于随钻核磁测井的渗透率评价方法及其应用——以渤海锦州油田古近系沙河街组为例
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摘要
渤海锦州油田古近系沙河街组储层孔隙结构比较复杂,应用常规方法评价渗透率精度较低,而核磁共振是孔隙结构评价最直观有效的测井方法。基于物性、压汞、核磁等资料,将锦州油田沙河街组储层的孔隙结构分为双峰大孔喉型、双峰小孔喉型和单峰小孔喉型等3类,分别对每类储层采用分段幂函数的转换方法,由核磁共振T_2谱构建伪毛管压力曲线。通过对岩心物性、压汞等资料的分析,建立了Swanson、R_(10)、R_(35)等孔隙结构参数与岩心渗透率的关系模型。通过对锦州油田沙河街组实际井资料的处理,获取了地层连续的毛管压力曲线,并提取了地层的孔隙结构参数,进而评价了储层的渗透率。应用效果表明,本文提出的基于孔隙结构参数的渗透率评价模型大大提高了渗透率的解释精度,同时验证了本文方法的适用性和准确性。
The reservoir pore structures of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Jinzhou oilfield of Bohai sea are relatively complex, and the conventional method renders a low accuracy in permeability evaluation, while the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) is the most intuitive and effective logging method for pore structure evaluation. Based on physical properties, mercury intrusion, nuclear magnetic data, etc., the reservoir pore structures of the Shahejie Formation in Jinzhou oilfield were divided into three types, namely the bimodal large pore throat type, bimodal small pore throat type and unimodal small pore throat type, respectively. The partial power function transformation method was used in each type of reservoir to construct a pseudo-capillary pressure curve with the nuclear magnetic resonance T_2 spectrum. Based on the analysis of core properties, mercury intrusion, etc., the relationship models between pore structure parameters and core permeability of Swanson, R_(10) and R_(35) were established. Through processing the actual well data of the Shahejie Formation in Jinzhou oilfield, the continuous capillary pressure curve of the formation was obtained, the pore structure parameters of the formation were extracted, and the reservoir permeability was further evaluated. The application results show that the permeability evaluation model based on pore structure parameters proposed in this paper has greatly improved the interpretation accuracy of permeability, which verifies the applicability and accuracy of the proposed method.
The reservoir pore structures of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Jinzhou oilfield of Bohai sea are relatively complex, and the conventional method renders a low accuracy in permeability evaluation, while the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) is the most intuitive and effective logging method for pore structure evaluation. Based on physical properties, mercury intrusion, nuclear magnetic data, etc., the reservoir pore structures of the Shahejie Formation in Jinzhou oilfield were divided into three types, namely the bimodal large pore throat type, bimodal small pore throat type and unimodal small pore throat type, respectively. The partial power function transformation method was used in each type of reservoir to construct a pseudo-capillary pressure curve with the nuclear magnetic resonance T_2 spectrum. Based on the analysis of core properties, mercury intrusion, etc., the relationship models between pore structure parameters and core permeability of Swanson, R_(10) and R_(35) were established. Through processing the actual well data of the Shahejie Formation in Jinzhou oilfield, the continuous capillary pressure curve of the formation was obtained, the pore structure parameters of the formation were extracted, and the reservoir permeability was further evaluated. The application results show that the permeability evaluation model based on pore structure parameters proposed in this paper has greatly improved the interpretation accuracy of permeability, which verifies the applicability and accuracy of the proposed method.
引文
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[18] 肖忠祥,肖亮.基于核磁共振测井和毛管压力曲线的储层渗透率计算方法[J].原子能科学技术,2008,42(10):868-871.XIAO Zhongxiang,XIAO Liang.Method to calculate reservoir permeability using nuclear magnetic resonance logging and capillary press data[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2008,42(10):868-871.
[19] SWANSON B F.A simple correlation between permeabilities and mercury capillary pressure[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1981,67(11):2498-2503.
[2] KEN W E,DAY P I,STRALEY C,et al.A three-part study of NMR longitudinal relaxation properties of water-saturated sandstones[C].Houston:SPE Formation Evaluation,1988.
[3] 彭石林,叶朝辉,刘买利,等.多孔介质渗透率的NMR测定[J].波普学杂志,2006,23(2):271-282.PENG Shilin,YE Chaohui,LIU Maili,et al.Measurement of permeability of porous rock using NMR T2 relaxation distribution[J].Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance,2006,23(2):271-282.
[4] LALA A M S,EL-SAYED E M.Calculating absolute permeability using nuclear magnetic resonance models[J].Arabian Journal of Geoscience,2015,8(10):7955-7960.
[5] CHENG K,HEIDARI Z.Pore connectivity and permeability assessment in carbonate formations using NMR log-inject-log method[C].Houston:SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2015.
[6] XIAO Liang,LIU Xiaopeng,MAO Zhiqiang,et al.Tight-gas-sand permeability estimation from nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) logs based on the hydraulic-flow-unit(HFU) approach[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2013,52(4):306-314.
[7] COATES G R,MARSCHALL D,MARDON D.A new characterization of bulk-volume irreducible using magnetic resonance[C].Houston:The Log Analyst,1997.
[8] SCHUAB F B,WINTER A,TREVISAN O V,et al.NMR log interpretation in bimodal carbonate rocks based on core-to-log integration[C].California:SPWLA 56th Annual Logging Symposium,2015.
[9] 卢文东,肖立志,李伟,等.核磁共振测井在低孔低渗储层渗透率计算中的应用[J].中国海上油气,2007,19(2):103-106.LU Wendong,XIAO Lizhi,LI Wei,et al.An application of NMR logging to calculating permeability in low porosity and low permeability reservoir[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2007,19(2):103-106.
[10] 肖亮,刘晓鹏,毛志强.结合NMR和毛管压力资料计算储层渗透率的方法[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):100-103.XIAO Liang,LIU Xiaopeng,MAO Zhiqiang.A computation method for reservoir permeability by combining NMR log and capillary pressure data[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(1):100-103.
[11] LI Chaoliu,ZHOU Cancan,LI Xia,et al.A novel model for assessing the pore structure of tight sands and its application[J].Applied Geophysics,2010,7(3):283-291.
[12] MAO Zhiqiang,XIAO Liang,WANG Zhaonian,et al.Estimation of permeability by integrating nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logs with mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) data in tight gas sands[J].Applied Magnetic Resonance,2013,44(4):449-468.
[13] XIAO Liang,LIU Xiaopeng,ZOU Changchun,et al.Comparative study of models for predicting permeability from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logs in two Chinese tight sandstone reservoirs[J].Acta Geophysica,2014,62(1):116-141.
[14] 成志刚,罗少成,杜支文,等.基于储层孔喉特征参数计算致密砂岩渗透率的新方法[J].测井技术,2014,38(2):185-189.CHENG Zhigang,LUO Shaocheng,DU Zhiwen,et al.The method to calculate tight sandstone reservoir permeability using pore throat characteristic parameters[J].Well Logging Technology,2014,38(2):185-189.
[15] 王永利,加东辉,李建平,等.辽西低凸起锦州地区古近系沙河街组三段砂体分布特征及物源分析[J].古地理学报,2011,13(2):185-192.WANG Yongli,JIA Donghui,LI Jianping,et al.Distribution characters of sandbody of the Member 3 of Paleogene Shahejie Formation and provenance analysis of Jinzhou area in Liaoxi Low Uplift[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2011,13(2):185-192.
[16] 田立新,徐长贵,江尚昆.辽东湾地区锦州25-1大型轻质油气田成藏条件与成藏过程[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,35(4):47-52.TIAN Lixin,XU Changgui,JIANG Shangkun.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and process of Jinzhou 25-1 large-scale light gas-oil field in Liaodong Bay[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2011,35(4):47-52.
[17] 肖立志.核磁共振成像测井原理与岩石核磁共振及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:56-73.
[18] 肖忠祥,肖亮.基于核磁共振测井和毛管压力曲线的储层渗透率计算方法[J].原子能科学技术,2008,42(10):868-871.XIAO Zhongxiang,XIAO Liang.Method to calculate reservoir permeability using nuclear magnetic resonance logging and capillary press data[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2008,42(10):868-871.
[19] SWANSON B F.A simple correlation between permeabilities and mercury capillary pressure[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1981,67(11):2498-2503.
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