西藏煤炭地质工作进展及前景
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摘要
通过对西藏近70年煤炭地质工作和成果的总结,梳理了全区主要煤矿点的煤炭地质勘查现状和主要成果,基本摸清了全区主要煤矿点含煤地层的形成时代、分布范围、含煤性及煤岩煤质特征;总结了西藏自治区赋煤构造单元和成煤盆地的划分,初步归纳了主要聚煤期含煤地层的沉积体系和沉积环境。总体认为西藏自治区煤炭地质整体工作程度不高,成煤作用和聚煤规律研究有待进一步加深。指出了今后研究的主要内容是总结残留煤系与周边地区含煤沉积之间存在的共性及差异,分析主要聚煤期聚煤作用的时空迁移特征和迁移规律;研究特提斯演化和青藏高原隆起对聚煤盆地的控制和改造作用,分析其对煤系多种矿产耦合成矿的影响,为全区煤系多种矿产的综合勘查和开发提供依据。
Through the summary of the coal geological work and achievements in Tibet for nearly 70 years, the current status and main results of coal geological exploration in the main coal mines in the region were reviewed.The formation age, distribution range, coal content and coal quality characteristics of coal-bearing strata in major coal mines in the region were found out. The division of coal-bearing tectonic units and coal-accumulating basins in Tibet was summarized, and the sedimentary systems and sedimentary environments of coal-bearing strata in the main coal-forming periods were preliminarily summarized. It is generally believed that the overall degree of coal geological work in Tibet is not high, and the study of coal action and coal accumulation law needs to be further deepened. The research indicates that the main content of future research is the commonality and difference of residual coal series and surrounding coal-bearing sediments, the temporal and spatial migration characteristics and migration law of coal accumulation, the control and transformation of the evolution of Tethys and the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet plateau for coal-bearing basins, and their influence on the coupled mineralization of various minerals in coal measures so as to provide the basis for the integrated exploration and development of various minerals in the whole region.
Through the summary of the coal geological work and achievements in Tibet for nearly 70 years, the current status and main results of coal geological exploration in the main coal mines in the region were reviewed.The formation age, distribution range, coal content and coal quality characteristics of coal-bearing strata in major coal mines in the region were found out. The division of coal-bearing tectonic units and coal-accumulating basins in Tibet was summarized, and the sedimentary systems and sedimentary environments of coal-bearing strata in the main coal-forming periods were preliminarily summarized. It is generally believed that the overall degree of coal geological work in Tibet is not high, and the study of coal action and coal accumulation law needs to be further deepened. The research indicates that the main content of future research is the commonality and difference of residual coal series and surrounding coal-bearing sediments, the temporal and spatial migration characteristics and migration law of coal accumulation, the control and transformation of the evolution of Tethys and the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet plateau for coal-bearing basins, and their influence on the coupled mineralization of various minerals in coal measures so as to provide the basis for the integrated exploration and development of various minerals in the whole region.
引文
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[2]柯丹丹,毛晓冬,廖云君,等.浅议西藏区域地层区划及其含煤地层[J].华南地质与矿产,2014,30(1):50-57.KE Dandan,MAO Xiaodong,LIAO Yunjun,et al.Brief study on the regional stratigraphic division and coal-bearing strata in Tibet[J].Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,2014,30(1):50-57.
[3]刘志鹏,张俊海,高龙,等.浅析西藏煤类分布、变质作用及变质规律[J].四川建材,2014,40(6):237-239.LIU Zhipeng,ZHANG Junhai,GAO Long,et al.Analysis on distributing orderliness of the metamorphism and degenerative of the coal in Tibet[J].Sichuan Building Material,2014,40(6):237-239.
[4]谭节庆,马志凯,高科飞,等.青藏高原北部煤系赋存的板块构造控制[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):286-293.TAN Jieqing,MA Zhikai,GAO Kefei,et al.Control effect of plate tectonics on coal measures in northern Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):286-293.
[5]袁博,李钟山,柳群义,等.我国青藏高原矿产地储备战略思考[J].资源与产业,2015,17(5):30-34.YUAN Bo,LI Zhongshan,LIU Qunyi,et al.Strategic views of China’s Tibetan plateau as mineral reserve place[J].Resources&Industries,2015,17(5):30-34.
[6]李璞.西藏东部地质的初步认识[J].科学通报,1955(7):62-71.LI Pu.Preliminary understanding of geology in eastern Tibet[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1955(7):62-71.
[7]中国煤田地质总局航测遥感局.西藏自治区煤炭资源预测报告[R].西安:中国煤田地质总局航测遥感局,1994.
[8]乔军伟,吴国强,宋时雨,等.青藏高原煤系矿产资源综合调查与评价[R].西安:中煤航测遥感局,2018.
[9]魏振声,谭岳岩.西藏地层概况[C]//青藏高原地质文集(2)-地层古生物-青藏高原地质科学讨论会论文集(一).北京:中国地质学会,1979.
[10]吴一民.西藏早白垩世含煤地层及其植物群[J].青藏高原地质文集,1985(1):185-202.WU Yimin.Coal-bearing strata and their flora of the Early Cretaceous in Tibet[J].Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Geology Collection,1985(1):185-202.
[11]谭岳岩,魏振声.西藏成煤大地构造基本特征:西藏板块构造及其演化[J].现代地质,1989,3(3):331-340.TAN Yueyan,WEI Zhensheng.Basic characteristics of the coal-forming tectonic structure in Tibet:Tibet plate structure and its evolution[J].Geoscience,1989,3(3):331-340.
[12]罗中舒.板块构造与青藏高原煤田关系的探讨[J].煤炭学报,1980,5(2):34-43.LUO Zhongshu.Discussion on the relationship between plate tectonics and coalfields in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1980,5(2):34-43.
[13]西藏自治区地质调查院.西藏自治区煤炭资源潜力评价[R].拉萨:西藏自治区地质调查院,2011.
[14]廖云君,毛晓冬,柯丹丹,等.西藏主要含煤岩系及其成煤环境初探[J].华南地质与矿产,2014,30(1):41-49.LIAO Yunjun,MAO Xiaodong,KE Dandan,et al.Brief study on the coal series and its sedimentary characters in Tibet[J].Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,2014,30(1):41-49.
[15]乔军伟,李聪聪,范琪,等.青藏高原北部成煤地质背景及煤系矿产资源特征[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):294-302.QIAO Junwei,LI Congcong,FAN Qi,et al.Characteristics of coal resources and their geological background at northern Qinghai Tibet plateau[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):294-302.
[16]李聪聪,牛军强,杨创,等.藏东北地区煤炭资源分布特征及洁净煤初步研究[J].中国煤炭地质,2016,28(11):8-11.LI Congcong,NIU Junqiang,YANG Chuang,et al.Coal measures features and mineral resources research orientation in northern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau[J].Coal Geology of China,2016,28(11):8-11.
[17]涂首业,毛晓冬,徐波,等.西藏丁青县自家浦煤田沉积环境与聚煤规律[J].四川地质学报,2013,33(3):282-286.TU Shouye,MAO Xiaodong,XU Bo,et al.Preliminary study of sedimentary environment and coal accumulation patterns of the Zijiapu coalfield in Dêngqên,Tibet[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,2013,33(3):282-286.
[18]翟冬梅,毛晓冬,王娜,等.西藏昌都妥坝煤田沉积环境与聚煤规律[J].四川地质学报,2013,33(4):417-420.ZHAI Dongmei,MAO Xiaodong,WANG Na,et al.Sedimentary environment and coal accumulation for the Tuoba coal field in Qamdo,Tibet[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,2013,33(4):417-420.
[19]杨凌崴.西藏马查拉煤系地质特征及煤炭资源潜力评价[D].成都:成都理工大学,2012.
[20]徐波,毛晓冬,张亮,等.西藏类乌齐马查拉煤矿沉积环境与聚煤规律初探[J].华南地质与矿产,2013,29(2):162-167.XU Bo,MAO Xiaodong,ZHANG Liang,et al.Brief study on the sedimentary environment and coal-accumulation pattern of Machala coalfield in Leiwuqi County of Tibet[J].Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,2013,29(2):162-167.
[21]宋时雨,曹代勇,马志凯,等.青藏高原昌都地区马查拉组成煤期构造背景与聚煤模式[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(1):13-19.SONG Shiyu,CAO Daiyong,MA Zhikai,et al.Tectonic setting and coal accumulation patterns of coal-forming period of Machala Formation in Qamdo area,Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(1):13-19.
[22]王娜,袁峰,张亮,等.西藏安多土门格拉煤田沉积环境与聚煤规律[J].四川地质学报,2013,33(1):74-77.WANG Na,YUAN Feng,ZHANG Liang,et al.Sedimentary environment and coal-accumulating regularities in the Tumengela coal field,Amdo,Tibet[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,2013,33(1):74-77.
[23]王剑.青藏高原重点沉积盆地油气资源潜力分析[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.
[24]曹代勇,宁树正,郭爱军,等.中国煤田构造研究进展[J].中国煤炭地质,2014,26(8):5-7.CAO Daiyong,NING Shuzheng,GUO Aijun,et al.Progress in the study of coalfield structure in China[J].China Coal Geology,2014,26(8):5-7.
[25]曹代勇,宁树正,郭爱军,等.中国煤田构造格局及其基本特征[J].矿业科学学报,2016,1(1):1-8.CAO Daiyong,NING Shuzheng,GUO Aijun,et al.Structural patterns and basic characteristics of coalfields in China[J].Journal of Mining Science,2016,1(1):1-8.
[26]宁树正.中国赋煤构造单元与控煤特征[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2013.
[27]尹善春.中国泥炭资源[J].地学前缘,1999,6(增刊1):116-124.YIN Shanchun.Chinese peat resources[J].Geoscience Frontiers,1999,6(S1):116-124.
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