不同诱导处理对番茄叶片营养物质含量及防御酶活性的影响
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摘要
本文研究了番茄在不同时间下受西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis危害(DTF)、机械损伤(MW)、茉莉酸(JA)和水杨酸甲酯(MeSA)外源诱导后,叶片营养物质含量和防御酶活性的变化。结果表明:各种诱导处理24 h和36 h时,番茄叶片可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量不同程度的下降,其中虫害处理36 h时,叶片可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量下降最明显;在48 h时除水杨酸甲酯处理外,番茄营养物质含量均显著升高。β-1,3葡聚糖酶(PR-2)活性在虫害、机械损伤和茉莉酸处理24 h和36 h后均升高,其中虫害处理的PR-2活性最高。各种处理均能诱导番茄叶片苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性明显升高,且均随时间的延长持续升高。所有处理24 h时的番茄叶片多酚氧化酶(PPO)均被激发。各种处理均能导致植株的脂氧合酶(LOX)活性升高,但不同处理诱导的LOX活性升高的时间不同。结果表明,番茄能通过改变营养物质含量和防御酶活性对不同诱导处理作出生理应激反应,但反应程度与诱导方式和时间有关。
The changes of contents of nutrient and activities of defense enzymes, in the leaves of tomato plant treated by Frankliniella occidentalis feeding(DTF), mechanical damage(MW), jasmonic acid(JA) and methyl salicylate(MeSA) induction respectively were studied at different time. The results showed that the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar of tomato leaves subjected to different treatments decreased significantly at 24 h and 36 h compared to control, and they decreased most obviously treated by DTF at 36 h. The contents of nutrient in the leaves of tomato rose significantly at 48 h, except for plant treated by MeSA. The activities of PR-2 increased significantly subjected to DTF, MW and JA at 24 h and 36 h, and which treated by DTF were highest. The activities of PAL subjected to various treatments increased over time and rose continuously with time extension. The activities of PPO in various treatments rose at 24 h. The activities of LOX increased subjected to the all treated, and the time of activities of LOX rose were different at different treatments. The results indicated that DTF, MW, JA and MeSA could induce tomato resistance, and tomato produced response by adjusting the contents of various nutrients and activities of defense enzymes. The responses were related to treatment types and treating time.
The changes of contents of nutrient and activities of defense enzymes, in the leaves of tomato plant treated by Frankliniella occidentalis feeding(DTF), mechanical damage(MW), jasmonic acid(JA) and methyl salicylate(MeSA) induction respectively were studied at different time. The results showed that the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar of tomato leaves subjected to different treatments decreased significantly at 24 h and 36 h compared to control, and they decreased most obviously treated by DTF at 36 h. The contents of nutrient in the leaves of tomato rose significantly at 48 h, except for plant treated by MeSA. The activities of PR-2 increased significantly subjected to DTF, MW and JA at 24 h and 36 h, and which treated by DTF were highest. The activities of PAL subjected to various treatments increased over time and rose continuously with time extension. The activities of PPO in various treatments rose at 24 h. The activities of LOX increased subjected to the all treated, and the time of activities of LOX rose were different at different treatments. The results indicated that DTF, MW, JA and MeSA could induce tomato resistance, and tomato produced response by adjusting the contents of various nutrients and activities of defense enzymes. The responses were related to treatment types and treating time.
引文
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Duan WC, Duan LQ, Li HP,et al. Defense responses in wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) induced by exogenous jasmonic acid and gall mite Aceria pallida ( Acari: Eriophyidae) [J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2012, 55 (7): 804-809. [段文昌, 段立清, 李海平, 等. 外源茉莉酸及枸杞瘿螨危害诱导的枸杞防御反应 [J]. 昆虫学报, 2012, 55 (7): 804-809]
Duan XN, Chen ZM, Ren BZ,et al. Inducement of plant polyphenol oxidase [J]. Journal of Jilin Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2011, 2: 90-95. [段晓娜, 陈宗懋, 任炳忠, 等. 植物多酚氧化酶的诱导 [J].吉林师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 2: 90-95]
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Gui LY, Liu SS, Chen ZM. Plant resistance to insects induced by application of exogenous jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate [J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2004, 47 (4): 507-514. [桂连友, 刘树生, 陈宗懋. 外源茉莉酸及枸杞瘿螨危害诱导的枸杞防御反应 [J]. 昆虫学报, 2004, 47 (4): 507-514]
Han XQ, Li XJ, Feng SJ,et al. Relationships between the contents of nutrients and secondary metabolites in wheat seeds and their resistance to Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera:Curclionidae) [J]. Journal of Plant Protection, 2017, 44 (5): 721-728. [韩宪琪, 李雪娇, 冯淑娟, 等. 小麦籽粒营养物质和次生物质含量与其对玉米象抗性的关系 [J]. 植物保护学报, 2017, 44 (5): 721-728]
Herron GA, James TM. Monitoring insecticide resistance in Australian Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) detects fipronil and spinosad resistance [J]. Australian Journal of Entomology, 2005, 44 (3): 299-303.
Hu ZH, Shen YB, Wang NN,et al. The activities of polyphenol oxidase in Populus simonii×P.pyramidalis ‘Opera8277' leaves in response to insect herbivory and volatiles exposure [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009, 29 (10): 5265-5270. [胡增辉, 沈应柏, 王宁宁, 等. 虫咬及挥发物诱导后合作杨叶片中多酚氧化酶活性的变化 [J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29 (10): 5265-5270]
Hwang IS, Hwang BK. The pepper 9-lipoxygenasegene CaLOX1 functions in defense and cell death responses to microbial pathogens [J]. Plant Physiology, 2010, 152 (2): 948-967.
Inbar M, Doostdar H, Sonoda RM,et al. Elicitors of plant defensive systems reduce insect densities and disease incidence[J]. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1998, 24 (1): 135-149.
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